Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:56:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoJMC_TESE.pdf: 4090837 bytes, checksum: c86bb775317f1faa46b14511be554257 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-02 / In the teaching practice of architecture and urbanism in Brazil, educational legislation views modeling laboratories and workshops as an indispensable component of the infrastructure required for the good functioning of any architectural course of study. Although the development of information technology at the international level has created new possibilities for digital production of architectural models, research in this field being underway since the early 1990s, it is only from 2007 onwards that such technologies started to be incorporated into the teaching activity of architecture and urbanism in Brazil, through the pioneering experience at LAPAC/FEC/UNICAMP. It is therefore a recent experiment whose challenges can be highlighted through the following examples: (i) The implementation of digital prototyping laboratories in undergraduate courses of architecture and urbanism is still rare in Brazil; (ii) As a new developing field with few references and application to undergraduate programs, it is hard to define methodological procedures suitable for the pedagogical curricula already implemented or which have already been consolidated over the years; (iii) The new digital ways for producing tridimensional models are marked with specificities which make it difficult to fit them within the existing structures of model laboratories and workshops. Considering the above, the present thesis discusses the tridimensional model as a tool which may contribute to the development of students skills in perceiving, understanding and representing tridimensional space. Analysis is made of the relation between different forms of models and the teaching of architectural project, with emphasis on the design process. Starting from the conceptualization of the word model as it is used in architecture and urbanism, an attempt is made to identify types of tridimensional models used in the process of project conception, both through the traditional, manual way of model construction as well as through the digital ones. There is also an explanation on how new technologies for digital production of models through prototyping are being introduced in undergraduate academic programs of architecture and urbanism in Brazil, as well as a review of recent academic publications in this area. Based on the paradigm of reflective practice in teaching as designed by Sch?n (2000), the experiment applied in the research was undertaken in the integrated workshop courses of architectural project in the undergraduate program of architecture and urbanism at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Along the experiment, physical modeling, geometric modeling and digital prototyping are used in distinct moments of the design process with the purpose of observing the suitability of each model to the project s phases. The procedures used in the experiments are very close to the Action Research methodology in which the main purpose is the production of theoretical knowledge by improving the practice. The process was repeated during three consecutive semesters and reflection on the results which were achieved in each cycle helped enhancing the next one. As a result, a methodological procedure is proposed which consists of the definition of the Tridimensional Model as the integrating element for the contents studied in a specific academic period or semester. The teaching of Architectural Project as it is developed along the fifth academic period of the Architecture and Urbanism undergraduate program of UFRN is taken as a reference / Na pr?tica do ensino de Arquitetura e Urbanismo no Brasil, verifica-se a exist?ncia de laborat?rios e oficinas de maquetes, reconhecidas pela legisla??o educacional como parte da infraestrutura necess?ria para o funcionamento de um curso. Embora a evolu??o da tecnologia da informa??o no ?mbito internacional disponibilize novas possibilidades para a produ??o digital de maquetes e modelos de Arquitetura com pesquisas produzidas desde o in?cio da d?cada de 1990, no Brasil essas tecnologias s? come?aram a ser apropriadas pelo ensino de Arquitetura e Urbanismo a partir de 2007 com a experi?ncia pioneira do LAPAC/FEC/UNICAMP. Trata-se, portanto de uma experi?ncia recente e que evidencia a desafios. Por exemplo: (i) s?o raros os casos de implanta??o de laborat?rios de prototipagem digital em cursos de Arquitetura e Urbanismo no Pa?s; (ii) por ser um campo em desenvolvimento com poucas refer?ncias de aplica??es na gradua??o, h? dificuldades na defini??o de procedimentos metodol?gicos que sejam adequados aos projetos pedag?gicos j? implantados e consolidados; (iii) as novas formas digitais de produ??o de modelos tridimensionais cont?m especificidades que dificultam a compatibiliza??o com as estruturas de laborat?rios e oficinas de maquetes j? existentes. Considerando o exposto, na presente tese se discute o modelo tridimensional como instrumento auxiliar no desenvolvimento da capacidade do estudante de perceber, compreender e representar o espa?o tridimensional. Analisa-se a rela??o entre diferentes formas de modelos e o ensino de projeto de Arquitetura e Urbanismo com interesse no processo projetual. Partindo da conceitua??o do modelo em Arquitetura e Urbanismo, busca-se identificar os tipos de modelos tridimensionais utilizados no processo de elabora??o do projeto, tanto nas formas tradicionais de constru??o manual de maquetes e modelos quanto nos meios digitais. Procura-se conhecer como as novas tecnologias para a produ??o digital de modelos por meio da prototipagem digital est?o sendo introduzidas nos cursos de gradua??o de Arquitetura e Urbanismo no Brasil, assim como a produ??o acad?mica recente na ?rea. Considerando o paradigma do ensino pr?tico reflexivo concebido por Sch?n (2000), o experimento realizado na pesquisa tem como ambiente de estudo o ateli? integrado de projeto do Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. No experimento a Modelagem f?sica, a Modelagem Geom?trica e a Prototipagem Digital s?o inseridas em momentos do processo do projeto com o objetivo de se observar a adequa??o do modelo ?s fases do projeto. A metodologia empregada nos experimentos muito se aproxima da Pesquisa A??o na qual o alvo principal ? a cria??o de conhecimento te?rico com o aprimoramento da pr?tica. O processo se repetiu por tr?s semestres consecutivos e a reflex?o sobre os resultados alcan?ados em cada ciclo forneceram subs?dios para aprimoramento no seguinte. Como resultado prop?e-se um procedimento metodol?gico no qual o Modelo Tridimensional constitui elemento integrador de conte?dos desenvolvidos em um per?odo curricular, tendo como refer?ncia o ensino de Projeto Arquitet?nico e Urban?stico no quinto per?odo do Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da UFRN