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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

PiralizaÃÃo das Argilas Montmorilonita e Estevensita com oligÃmero de alumÃnio. CaracterizaÃÃo e estudo de propriedades catalÃticas em reaÃÃes de hidroisomerizaÃÃo de n-octano / Pillarization of clays montmorillonite and stevensite with oligÃmero of aluminum. Characterization and study of catalytic properties in reactions of hidroisomerizaÃÃo of n-octane

Ana LÃcia Nunes FalcÃo de Oliveira 13 February 2004 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Duas argilas do tipo esmectitas, uma montmorilonita da regiÃo de Campina Grande (Pb) e uma estevensita de Marrocos foram utilizadas no processo de intercalaÃÃo e pilarizaÃÃo com soluÃÃes oligomÃricas de alumÃnio. AtravÃs dos resultados de espectrometria ICP-AES com plasma indutivamente acoplado foram determinadas as composiÃÃes quÃmicas que resultaram nas fÃrmulas empÃricas (Na0,43K0,22Ca0,09)(Al1,48,Mg0,18,Fe0,34)2Si4O10(OH)2 e (Li0,09Na0,04K0,03Ca0,05)(Al,Mg,Fe)2(Si,Fe,Al)4O10(OH)2. da montmorilonita e da estevensita respectivamente.Os valores das Ãreas especÃficas foram 29 m2.g-1 e 228 m2.g-1, antes da intercalaÃÃo e de 106 m2.g-1 e 219 m2.g-1, apÃs a pilarizaÃÃo, para a montmorilonita e estevensita, respectivamente. As argilas foram submetidas a lavagens a quente com hipoclorito para remoÃÃo da matÃria orgÃnica, e transformadas na forma homoiÃnica com NaCl, seguidas de intercalaÃÃes com complexo de alumÃnio e pilarizaÃÃo a 500ÂC. AtravÃs de anÃlises termogravimÃtricas e por difratometria de raios-X, foi avaliada a influÃncia da matÃria orgÃnica na intercalaÃÃo das argilas. Os resultados mostraram que as espÃcies mais estÃveis foram Ãquelas submetidas ao tratamento com hipoclorito. A estevensita apresentou atividade catalÃtica de cerca de 15% acima da capacidade da montmorilonita, cujo mÃximo ficou em 50 % a 315 ÂC, mas com percentual de isomerizaÃÃo na ordem de 82%, cerca de 13% superior a estevensita; A produÃÃo de isÃmeros do tipo Mono e Di foram semelhantes para as duas argilas, sendo de 84% e 16% respectivamente; Os isÃmeros predominantes para ambas Ãs argilas foram 3-metilheptano e 2-4-dimetilhexano; Apesar das atividades catalÃticas das argilas pilarizadas nÃo terem atingindo os mesmos nÃveis que para as zeÃlitas, como a ZSM-22, os percentuais relativos de isomerizaÃÃo superam os valores reportados para essa zeÃlita, na temperatura onde as atividades dessas argilas sÃo mÃximas. / Two clays of the smectites type, a montmorillonite from the region of Campina Grande (Pb) and the stevensite of Marrocos were used in the process of intercalation and pillarization. Through the results of spectrophotometry of atomic absorption ICP-AES the chemical composition of the montmorillonite was determined as(Na0,43K0,22Ca0,09)(Al1,48,Mg0,18,Fe0,34)2Si4O10(OH)2. By the same process, the composition of the stevensite was determined as (Li0.09Na0.04K0.03Ca0,05)(Al,Mg,Fe)2(Si,Fe,Al)4O10(OH)2. The values of the specific areas were 29 m2.g-1 and 228 m2.g-1, before the intercalation and 106 m2.g-1 and 219 m2.g-1, after the pillarization, for the montmorillonite and stevensite, respectively. The clays were submitted to a treatment for removal of the organic matter and then transformed in the homoionic type with NaCl, and inserted with aluminium complex and pillarization at 500 oC. Through thermogravimetric analysis and X-Ray diffractometry, it was evaluated the influence of the organic matter in the intercalation of the clays. The results showed that the more stable samples were those submitted to treatment with hypochlorate. The stevensite presented catalytic activity of about 15% above the capacity of the montmorillonite, whose maximum was 50% at 315 oC. Its percentage of isomerization however, in the order of 82%, was about 13% more than for stevensite. The production of isomers of the Mono and Di type were similar for the two clays, being of 84% and 16% respectively. The predominant isomers for both clays were 3-methylheptane and 2-4-dimethylhexane. Despite the catalytic activities of the pillared clays having not reached the same levels for zeolites as ZSM-22, the isomerization relative percentages exceeded the figures reported for this zeolite, at the temperature where the activities of these clays are maximum.

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