Esta tesis analiza la influencia que tuvo el pensamiento de Julio C. Tello en algunas obras de sus principales ilustradores. Se ha denominado al pensamiento de Tello como “Indigenismo telúrico-arqueológico”, vinculándolo y diferenciándolo respecto a otros planteamientos indigenistas. Se analiza esta influencia tanto en su ilustración de las investigaciones del arqueólogo como en su producción artística independiente. Se ha tenido presente la relación de su trabajo con antecedentes tanto foráneos como locales. La presente investigación identifica en algunas piezas halladas al Indigenismo telúricoarqueológico como influencia determinante y la relaciona con el contexto socio-laboral de Tello y sus colaboradores, así como con la trayectoria del colectivo artístico Grupo Waman Poma. Se analizan ilustraciones de los archivos AT-MNAAH y JCT-MAA-UNMSM, obras inéditas representativas del Indigenismo telúrico-arqueológico, piezas elaboradas en defensa de las huacas del valle de Lima, y trabajos artísticos elaborados por los artistas estudiados divergentes tanto del Indigenismo telúrico-arqueológico como del “peruanismo” de Sabogal y discípulos y otras manifestaciones del Indigenismo local, tales como las diversas formas de Costumbrismo. Se lleva a cabo la presentación y análisis de material inédito, del pensamiento de Tello, de las trayectorias de los artistas, y su defensa de huacas del valle de Lima con el fin de definir, delimitar y diferenciar al Indigenismo telúricoarqueológico de otros Indigenismos y evidenciar su influencia en estos creadores. Este estudio considera a los ilustradores de Tello como artistas por su formación artística profesional y los alcances de su producción. Estos artistas obtuvieron poco reconocimiento por sus prioridades profesionales, carecer de recursos y contactos para el éxito de su labor, y estar a contra corriente respecto a las vanguardias de su contexto. Representaron una retaguardia de marcada originalidad que expone un enfoque inédito dentro del conglomerado de discursos que, en la primera mitad del siglo XX, buscaron comprender lo indígena. Palabras clave: Indigenismo, Ilustración, Julio Tello, Arqueología, Costumbrismo. / This thesis analyzes the influence of Julio C. Tello’s thinking on the works of the most important illustrators that worked for him. For this study, Tello’s thinking has been characterized as a type of “telluric indigenismo,” and was both connected and distinguished from other types of indigenismos. Tello’s influence was analyzed in the illustrators’ pieces for Tello, and in their independent artistic production. The illustrators’ works were analyzed in relation to local and foreign precedents. The present investigation identifies Tello’s telluric-archaeological indigenismo as the main influence of some of the illustrators’ pieces. The investigation also draws connections between the pieces and Tello’s and his illustrators’ social and work environment, and with the artistic collective Grupo Waman Poma. For that purpose, pieces by Tello’s illustrators from the AT-MNAAH and JCT-MAA-UNMSM archives were discussed. The illustrations analyzed include: previously unpublished works that show the influence of such telluric-archaeological indigenismo, pieces produced to defend the Lima Valley archaeological ruins, artworks that explored themes beyond both the “telluric-archaeological indigenismo” and Sabogal’s and his disciple´s “peruanismo,” and other forms of local indigenismo such as variants of costumbrismo. This thesis displays and analyzes unpublished material, as well as Tello´s thought, the artists’ output, and their defense of the Lima Valley archaeological sites. These analyses were developed to identify and distinguish telluric-archaeological indigenismo from other indigenismos, and to evidence its presence in the illustrators’ works. Based on the illustrator’s artistic training and in the quality of their output, this study acknowledges the illustrators’ status as artists. These artists achieved little recognition because of their specific professional goals, their lack of economic means and social network in the local art scene, and the fact that their work went against the avant-garde trends of their context. The illustrators played the role of a “rearguard” of remarkable originality. Their works evidence a unique development (still insufficiently studied) among the diverse discourses that attempted to understand the “indigenous man” in Peru during the first half of the twentieth century. Keywords: Indigenism, Illustration, Julio C. Tello, Archaeology, Costumbrism. / Tesis

Orientador: Celso Luiz Figueiredo Bodstein / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem e Laboratório de Estudos Avançados em Jornalismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T09:24:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Duarte_CristianeDelfinaSantos_M.pdf: 52168426 bytes, checksum: 9696051ddf4abd8b9ea024d046b5b080 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O presente trabalho busca a construção, em audiovisual e em texto, do perfil da arqueóloga Niéde Guidon, pesquisadora premiada e condecorada internacionalmente. Atualmente com 82 anos, Niéde é neta de franceses e de um casal de militar brasileiro com índia Kaingang. Ela tem sido uma forte atuante em pesquisas e ações sociais na região do sudeste do Piauí desde 1973, quando visitou pela primeira vez sítios arqueológicos de pinturas rupestres encontrados por moradores da área, que a levaram, então, à formação da primeira missão Franco-Brasileira de pesquisas e, posteriormente, do Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara e da Fundação Museu do Homem Americano. Com a captação em vídeo de mais de dez horas de entrevistas diretas com a pesquisadora e mais de 40 horas de material audiovisual, entre imagens e entrevistas com pessoas envolvidas em sua vida, seu trabalho e na construção do Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara, apresenta-se aqui um perfil de Niéde, administrando sua expressão pública controversa e tratando também dos sentidos produzidos na entrevistadora/documentarista; frutos deste processo sem o vínculo direto com a verdade e com maior interesse na manipulação estética dos sentidos e memórias. As entrevistas são organizadas e comentadas em paralelo à polifonias de autores e participantes da vida da pesquisadora e funcionam como disparadores de reflexões sobre História, Política, Autoria e temas que perpassam os diálogos e as relações estabelecidas no processo de produção do documentário "A Mulher Original" / Abstract: This paper builds, with audiovisual and text, a profile of Niéde Guidon, an eighty two years old Brazilian archaeologist, granddaughter of french immigrants and a couple of a Brazilian army officer and a Kaingang native. After building a strong career in research in France, in 1973 Guidon first visited archaeological sites of rock paintings in the southeastern region of Piauí¿Brazil, found by residents of the area, which led her to the organization of the first French¿Brazilian mission research, and later to the foundation of the National Park Serra da Capivara, the Museum of the American Man Foundation and a path of many social works around the park.?With over ten hours of direct interviews with the researcher, captured on video, and 40 hours of images and interviews with people involved in her life, her work and the construction of the National Park Serra da Capivara; also with citations of interviews conducted by different authors and institutions in recent years, I introduce a character profile and her public controversy image, dealing with the feelings and impressions developed on me as interviewer/documentarist, without the direct link with the truth and facts, but higher interest on handling aesthetic senses and memories of the process itself. Inspired by essays and literary journalism, the interviews will be arranged and discussed in parallel to the polyphony from various authors and participants in the life of the researcher. The Original Woman intends to trigger thoughts on history, politics, authorship and themes that pervade the dialogues and the relationships established in the process of documentary production and construction of this text; assuming an establishment of exchanges and interactions between interviewer and interviewees, and also discussing the documentary production process / Mestrado / Divulgação Científica e Cultural / Mestra em Divulgação Científica e Cultural

En esta tesis se estudia las percepciones y usos sociopolíticos de la figura de Julio César Tello Rojas en su natal Huarochirí. El objetivo que persigue es comprender cómo Tello —considerado por muchos: «el padre de la arqueología peruana»— es representado al interior del distrito de Huarochirí, y cómo esta noción es usada políticamente de diversas formas para hacer y rehacer la vida social de la localidad. En consecuencia, se realizó una etnografía-intervencionista de tres fases, con entrevistas (personales y grupales), observaciones-participante y una instalación museográfica colaborativa que se tituló «Julio César Tello y su labor parlamentaria (1917-1929)». Ello, con el propósito de profundizar activamente en las nociones, experiencias, relatos, reticencias, emociones y reelaboraciones de los ciudadanos de Huarochirí, sobre Tello. En suma, se concluye que en Huarochirí existen seis tipos de memorias en torno a la figura de Julio C. Tello —de tipo familiar, político, cultural, religioso, educativo y social en general—, que lo reconocen como ícono y símbolo consensuado de la localidad, aunque con algunas reticencias sectoriales. Además se evidenció, dos grandes usos sociopolíticos a su figura. Estas son las tácticas de integración e interpelación metonímica. Estas cumplen la función de empoderamiento circunstancialmente de los individuos y grupos adscritos a su memoria en tiempos y espacios definidos para su movilidad y visibilización social.

Esta tesis analiza la influencia que tuvo el pensamiento de Julio C. Tello en algunas obras de sus principales ilustradores. Se ha denominado al pensamiento de Tello como “Indigenismo telúrico-arqueológico”, vinculándolo y diferenciándolo respecto a otros planteamientos indigenistas. Se analiza esta influencia tanto en su ilustración de las investigaciones del arqueólogo como en su producción artística independiente. Se ha tenido presente la relación de su trabajo con antecedentes tanto foráneos como locales. La presente investigación identifica en algunas piezas halladas al Indigenismo telúricoarqueológico como influencia determinante y la relaciona con el contexto socio-laboral de Tello y sus colaboradores, así como con la trayectoria del colectivo artístico Grupo Waman Poma. Se analizan ilustraciones de los archivos AT-MNAAH y JCT-MAA-UNMSM, obras inéditas representativas del Indigenismo telúrico-arqueológico, piezas elaboradas en defensa de las huacas del valle de Lima, y trabajos artísticos elaborados por los artistas estudiados divergentes tanto del Indigenismo telúrico-arqueológico como del “peruanismo” de Sabogal y discípulos y otras manifestaciones del Indigenismo local, tales como las diversas formas de Costumbrismo. Se lleva a cabo la presentación y análisis de material inédito, del pensamiento de Tello, de las trayectorias de los artistas, y su defensa de huacas del valle de Lima con el fin de definir, delimitar y diferenciar al Indigenismo telúricoarqueológico de otros Indigenismos y evidenciar su influencia en estos creadores. Este estudio considera a los ilustradores de Tello como artistas por su formación artística profesional y los alcances de su producción. Estos artistas obtuvieron poco reconocimiento por sus prioridades profesionales, carecer de recursos y contactos para el éxito de su labor, y estar a contra corriente respecto a las vanguardias de su contexto. Representaron una retaguardia de marcada originalidad que expone un enfoque inédito dentro del conglomerado de discursos que, en la primera mitad del siglo XX, buscaron comprender lo indígena. Palabras clave: Indigenismo, Ilustración, Julio Tello, Arqueología, Costumbrismo. / This thesis analyzes the influence of Julio C. Tello’s thinking on the works of the most important illustrators that worked for him. For this study, Tello’s thinking has been characterized as a type of “telluric indigenismo,” and was both connected and distinguished from other types of indigenismos. Tello’s influence was analyzed in the illustrators’ pieces for Tello, and in their independent artistic production. The illustrators’ works were analyzed in relation to local and foreign precedents. The present investigation identifies Tello’s telluric-archaeological indigenismo as the main influence of some of the illustrators’ pieces. The investigation also draws connections between the pieces and Tello’s and his illustrators’ social and work environment, and with the artistic collective Grupo Waman Poma. For that purpose, pieces by Tello’s illustrators from the AT-MNAAH and JCT-MAA-UNMSM archives were discussed. The illustrations analyzed include: previously unpublished works that show the influence of such telluric-archaeological indigenismo, pieces produced to defend the Lima Valley archaeological ruins, artworks that explored themes beyond both the “telluric-archaeological indigenismo” and Sabogal’s and his disciple´s “peruanismo,” and other forms of local indigenismo such as variants of costumbrismo. This thesis displays and analyzes unpublished material, as well as Tello´s thought, the artists’ output, and their defense of the Lima Valley archaeological sites. These analyses were developed to identify and distinguish telluric-archaeological indigenismo from other indigenismos, and to evidence its presence in the illustrators’ works. Based on the illustrator’s artistic training and in the quality of their output, this study acknowledges the illustrators’ status as artists. These artists achieved little recognition because of their specific professional goals, their lack of economic means and social network in the local art scene, and the fact that their work went against the avant-garde trends of their context. The illustrators played the role of a “rearguard” of remarkable originality. Their works evidence a unique development (still insufficiently studied) among the diverse discourses that attempted to understand the “indigenous man” in Peru during the first half of the twentieth century. Keywords: Indigenism, Illustration, Julio C. Tello, Archaeology, Costumbrism. / Tesis