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The diploma thesis is focused on issues connected with falsification of meat products and methods to detect this type of falsification are mentioned in the thesis, as well. Food falsification is a problem, which has persisted since the Middle Ages. A break authentisity doesn't appear only in meat products but also in all commodities. Surveillance authorities, whose job is to check food are described in the thesis. Meat products from the point of view of their break authentisity are discussed in more detail in the thesis. High pressure liquid chromatography, enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay, polymerase chain reaction belong to the most used detect methods of the food falsification. The practical part of the thesis contains determination of pure muscular proteins in durable and fermentated meat products by means of high pressure liquid chromatography. In the next part poultry masculature is determined in products using noncompetitive heterogeneous immunoassay, in which legislation bans using of mentioned type of masculature. In the determination of net muscle protein were found 7 of 25 samples (24 %) as unsatisfactory and in the determination of poultry muscle 4 of 24 samples detected (17 %) as unsatisfactory.

The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the influence of selected factors on the level of passive immunization of calves (expressed in total protein, g/l in blood serum) in selected beef cattle breeding. In the monitored period 2014-2016, a total of 205 samples of calf serum were evaluated. The selected factors were: the length of dry period and parity, colostrum quality, the time of first intake of colostrum after birth, the weight and sex of the calf. An adequate level of passive immunity was found in 90.2% of calves. This result was also reflected in low calf mortality rates in monitored years: 1.16% (2014), 1.15% (2015) and 1.23% (2016). At the level of passive immunization, the time of the first colostrum intake (P < 0,001), parity (P = 0,0002), colostrum quality (P = 0,0061) and the length of dry period (P = 0,0008) were the most important factors. The other evaluated factors (sex and birth weight of calves) were not statistically significant. Colostrum period management is essential for the rearing of healthy calves and profitability of breeding.

This diploma thesis deals with questions of the present meat products market, meat products quality and the relevant legislation with focus on steamed ham. According to the present legislation ham is divided into three categories based on the content of pure muscle protein. The categories are as follows: top-grade quality ham, choice ham and standard ham. Use of starch, food colouring ingredients, fibrous additives, vegetable protein and different animal protein is not allowed with top-grade quality ham and choice ham. Within the practical part of the diploma work twenty samples of ham from all categories were examined. The tests showed that starch was not added to any top-grade quality ham or choice ham. Starch was found only in two samples of standard ham, in which starch addition is allowed by legislation.

The base for rearing healthy calves is a high level of passive immunity, which protects calves in a challenging period after birth. In examined herd of the Holstein cows was evaluated the influence of selected factors on the level of passive immunization in 57 calves, expressed as total protein content in calf blood serum. The selected factors were: the quality of colostrum, the time of first intake of colostrum after birth, the weight and sex of calves. The proper level of passive immunization was found only in 33 (57, 9%) calves in the studied breed. Insufficient immunization resulted in a high mortality which reached rate of 10% in 2017. The level of the passive immunization was most affected by the quality of colostrum (P < 0, 001) and the time of first drinking after birth (P < 0, 0230). The other observed factors (calf weight and gender) were not statistically significant. Adequate care for the youngest age category is crucial and influences the profitability of the breed.

The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) plays an important role as a xenosensor in the organism and is therefore widely expressed in the kidney, liver, gallbladder and in the small intestine epithelium, where the biotransformation of xenobiotic occurs. CAR is also an important factor in the elimination of bile acids and bilirubin. CAR has also been shown to have an important role in regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Impairment of lipid and glucose metabolism is a common cause of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases such as atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, obesity and insulin resistance. These diseases are called metabolic syndrome and result in severe organ damage. CAR respective its complex with RXRα (retinoid X receptor α) has become a promising biological target for drug discovery for metabolic syndrome. The major aim of this study was a structural characterization of the CAR/RXRα protein complex together with the agonist IV676*HCl, which would describe in detail the interaction of this small molecule with the receptor. Obtained structural information would be used to design improved agonists.

The Diploma thesis was dealing with the evaluation of the factors affecting the milk production and the price of milk in the chosen companies. The data was obtained online from the results of performance monitoring and results of encashment milk. The price data was obtained from company´s basic records. The dairy cows were divided according to lactations 1. to 4., where the parameters of milk production, content of fat and protein were evaluated. Furthermore, the average monthly milk price in both companies was monitored over three years. Finally, both companies were evaluated basing on their economic situation. Analyses were running in programs Microsoft Excel and Statistica12. All dairy cows of both companies met the breeding plan of their breeds. The lowest milk production was measured from dairy cows at first lactation. The highest milk production had dairy cows on the third to fourth lactation. When comparing the breeds, the Holstein breed was superior in milk production, but with lower content of milk components (fat, protein) comparing to the Czech fleckvieh breed. High-yielding cows of the Holstein breed were more susceptible to the temperature of the environment. The decline in milk production was coming with the arrival of autumn and summer months. The content of milk components was higher in the cold months due to a negative correlation with the milk production. Content of milk components was also likely to be affected by the heat stress and changes in nutrition.

This work describes the three dimensional structure of protein molecules and biological databases used to store information about this structure or its hierarchical classification. Current methods of computational structure prediction are overviewed with an emphasis on comparative modeling. This particular method is also implemented in a proof-of-concept program and finally, the implementation is analysed.