A ingestão de lipídios e seus constituintes, os ácidos graxos, são essenciais na manutenção do crescimento, na eficiência alimentar, na higidez do organismo, no funcionamento adequado dos rins e das brânquias e na reprodução. Este estudo visa identificar a influência exercida pelos lipídios dietéticos sobre as variáveis hematológicas e desempenho imunológico de pacus Piaractus mesopotamicus expostos à ação bacteriana. Juvenis de pacu (14,4 ± 0,4g) foram alimentados com dietas contendo níveis crescentes (20, 40, 60, 80, 100%) de óleo de linhaça (OL), óleo de girassol (OG) e sebo bovino (SB), ricas em ômega-3, ômega-6 e gordura saturada, respectivamente e, posteriormente, comparadas a uma dieta isenta destas fontes e a uma ração comercial. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos a uma análise das variâncias, rearranjados em grupos e analisados sob o teste de Dunnett. Os níveis dietéticos de 20% de óleo de linhaça, 80% de óleo de girassol ou 80% de sebo bovino condicionaram as melhores taxas de desempenho zootécnico; o uso de 80% de óleo de girassol foi o mais adequado para ganho de peso (67,51±4,950g), taxa de conversão alimentar (1,05±0,088) e taxa de crescimento específico (2,19±0,085%), assim como para o aumento no número de linfócitos (1.964,13 ± 413,550), concomitante ao aumento dos leucócitos (1.986,00 ± 256,700), o que conferiu maior resistência aos animais, quando expostos à bactéria Aeromonas hydrophila. / The intake of lipids and its components, the fatty acids, are essential for proper growth, feed efficiency, health, appropriate kidney and gills function and reproduction performance. This study aims at identifying effects of dietary lipids on hematological variables and immunological performance of pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus exposed to bacterial challenges. Performance of juvenile pacu (14.4 ± 0.4 g) fed a diet with increasing levels (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 %) of linseed oil (LO); sunflower oil (80) and beef tallow (BT), rich in omega-3, omega-6 fatty acids, and saturated fat, respectively, was contrasted to the performance of fish fed diets containing soybean oil as lipid source, and a commercial aquafeed. Recorded results were subjected to ANOVA, grouped and submitted to Dunnett\'s test. Dietary levels of 20 % LO, 80% 80 or 80% beef tallow yielded the best growth performance; fish fed 80% 80 had the best weight gain (67.51 ± 4.95 g), best feed conversion ratio (1.05 :t 0.10), specific growth rate (2.10 ± 0.10 %), and also increased number of Iymphocytes (1,964.13 ± 413.55) concomitantly to increased number of leukocytes (1,986.00 ± 256.70), which also elicited the best immunological performance to fish challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila.

Thesis (M.Sc. (Biochemistry, Microbiology & Biotechnology)) - Rhodes University, 2008.

Vibrio anguillarum infects many fish species in aquaculture, reducing farm productivity and negatively impacting fish welfare. Deeper understanding of the biology of V. anguillarum, particularly during infections in vivo, will help to improve disease prevention and control. Thus, the aim of this thesis was to provide further insight into the infection biology of V. anguillarum with a view to identifying better ways to reduce the impact of this pathogen in aquaculture. Conventional studies on virulence, particularly those aiming to identify novel virulence factors, often employ transposon mutagenesis where the functions of individual genes in the bacterium are disrupted. These mutant libraries are screened to identify those with attenuated virulence, allowing subsequent identification of the gene responsible. Usually the native fish host would be used but such studies are increasingly difficult to perform due to regulations on vertebrate experiments and ethical concerns. As a result, alternative invertebrate hosts are now an important means to studying microbial infections, but few models have been assessed for bacterial pathogens of fish. In this thesis, larvae of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella were evaluated as an alternative host to investigate V. anguillarum virulence. Wild-type V. anguillarum isolates killed larvae in a dose-dependent manner, replicated in the haemolymph, and larvae infected with a lethal dose of bacteria could be rescued by antibiotic therapy, thus indicating that V. anguillarum established an infection in G. mellonella. Crucially, virulence of 11 wild-type V. anguillarum isolates correlated significantly between larva and Atlantic salmon infection models, and studies with isogenic mutants knocked out for various virulence determinants revealed conserved roles for some in larva and fish infections, including the pJM1 virulence plasmid and rtxA toxin. Thereafter, 350 strains from a V. anguillarum random transposon insertion library were screened for attenuated virulence in G. mellonella. In total, 12 strains had reduced virulence and in these mutants the transposon had inserted into genes encoding several recognised and putative virulence factors, including a haemolytic toxin (vah1) and proteins involved in iron sequestration (angB/G and angN). Importantly, the transposon in one strain had inserted into an uncharacterised hypothetical protein. Preliminary investigations found this putative novel virulence factor to contain a GlyGly-CTERM sorting domain motif, with sequence similarity to VesB of Vibrio cholerae which is involved in post-translational processing of cholera toxin. Finally, three transposon insertion libraries were mass sequenced on a MiSeq platform to identify V. anguillarum genes lacking transposon insertions. These genes were assumed to be ‘required’ for viability in the conditions under which the mutants were selected, in this case tryptone soya agar. In total, 248 genes lacked a transposon insertion and were the putative ‘required’ genes, and these may be important chemotherapeutic targets for new approaches to combat V. anguillarum infections. This thesis has furthered our understanding of the biology of the important fish pathogen V. anguillarum using an ethically acceptable approach, and the findings may assist with new ways to reduce the burden of this bacterium in aquaculture.

A ingestão de lipídios e seus constituintes, os ácidos graxos, são essenciais na manutenção do crescimento, na eficiência alimentar, na higidez do organismo, no funcionamento adequado dos rins e das brânquias e na reprodução. Este estudo visa identificar a influência exercida pelos lipídios dietéticos sobre as variáveis hematológicas e desempenho imunológico de pacus Piaractus mesopotamicus expostos à ação bacteriana. Juvenis de pacu (14,4 ± 0,4g) foram alimentados com dietas contendo níveis crescentes (20, 40, 60, 80, 100%) de óleo de linhaça (OL), óleo de girassol (OG) e sebo bovino (SB), ricas em ômega-3, ômega-6 e gordura saturada, respectivamente e, posteriormente, comparadas a uma dieta isenta destas fontes e a uma ração comercial. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos a uma análise das variâncias, rearranjados em grupos e analisados sob o teste de Dunnett. Os níveis dietéticos de 20% de óleo de linhaça, 80% de óleo de girassol ou 80% de sebo bovino condicionaram as melhores taxas de desempenho zootécnico; o uso de 80% de óleo de girassol foi o mais adequado para ganho de peso (67,51±4,950g), taxa de conversão alimentar (1,05±0,088) e taxa de crescimento específico (2,19±0,085%), assim como para o aumento no número de linfócitos (1.964,13 ± 413,550), concomitante ao aumento dos leucócitos (1.986,00 ± 256,700), o que conferiu maior resistência aos animais, quando expostos à bactéria Aeromonas hydrophila. / The intake of lipids and its components, the fatty acids, are essential for proper growth, feed efficiency, health, appropriate kidney and gills function and reproduction performance. This study aims at identifying effects of dietary lipids on hematological variables and immunological performance of pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus exposed to bacterial challenges. Performance of juvenile pacu (14.4 ± 0.4 g) fed a diet with increasing levels (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 %) of linseed oil (LO); sunflower oil (80) and beef tallow (BT), rich in omega-3, omega-6 fatty acids, and saturated fat, respectively, was contrasted to the performance of fish fed diets containing soybean oil as lipid source, and a commercial aquafeed. Recorded results were subjected to ANOVA, grouped and submitted to Dunnett\'s test. Dietary levels of 20 % LO, 80% 80 or 80% beef tallow yielded the best growth performance; fish fed 80% 80 had the best weight gain (67.51 ± 4.95 g), best feed conversion ratio (1.05 :t 0.10), specific growth rate (2.10 ± 0.10 %), and also increased number of Iymphocytes (1,964.13 ± 413.55) concomitantly to increased number of leukocytes (1,986.00 ± 256.70), which also elicited the best immunological performance to fish challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila.

Proteomic techniques were used to evaluate the protein profile of the earthworm, (Lumbricus terrestris), following a bacterial challenge. One control group received no injection; a second control group received injections of phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The experimental group received injections of PBS containing (Aeromonas hydrophila). After incubation for 12 hours at 20°C, coelomic fluid was collected from each group for analysis by 2-D electrophoresis. There were significant differences in spot appearance and density between control and experimental groups. Sixteen spots showed a two-fold increase in density and 63 showed at least a two-fold decrease in density between samples from control and bacteria-challenged earthworms, respectively, suggesting up- and down-modulation of proteins potentially involved in the earthworm's response to bacterial challenge.

MSc (Chemistry) / Department of Chemistry / See the attached abstract below

Distúrbios do sistema nervoso central (SNC) em ruminantes abrangem um importante grupo de enfermidades responsáveis por grandes perdas econômicas em todo o mundo. As principais doenças neurológicas causadas por bactérias em ruminantes e que envolvem processos inflamatórios incluem listeriose, leptomeningites e meningoencefalites supurativas, abscessos cerebrais e medulares, empiema basilar e neurotuberculose. Esta dissertação teve por objetivo a caracterização epidemiológica, patológica, microbiológica e imuno-histoquímica das doenças inflamatórias de origem bacteriana que afetam o SNC de ruminantes no Rio Grande do Sul. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo no período compreendido entre janeiro de 1996 a dezembro de 2015, onde um total de 3.274 bovinos, 596 ovinos e 391 caprinos foram avaliados. Destes, 219 bovinos, 21 ovinos e sete caprinos foram diagnosticados com doenças inflamatórias no SNC. As doenças neurológicas inflamatórias de origem bacteriana totalizaram 60 casos divididos em 34 bovinos, 19 ovinos e sete caprinos, os quais foram subdivididas em: meningoencefalite por L. monocytogenes (oito ovinos, cinco caprinos e quatro bovinos), leptomeningite e meningoencefalite supurativa (14 bovinos, dois caprinos e um ovino), abscessos cerebrais (seis bovinos e dois ovinos) e medulares (sete ovinos), empiema basilar (quatro bovinos e um ovino) e neurotuberculose (seis bovinos). O exame imuno-histoquímica foi realizado em todos os casos diagnosticados com listeriose (anticorpo anti-L. monocytogenes), meningite e meningoencefalite supurativa (anticorpo anti-Escherichia coli) e neurotuberculose (anticorpo anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis). A meningoencefalite por L. monocytogenes representou a principal enfermidade neurológica em ovinos e caprinos, seguido dos abscessos medulares em ovinos. Nos bovinos, a leptomeningite e meningoencefalite supurativa foi a doença neurológica mais prevalente para a espécie, frequentemente relacionada com a falha na transmissão da imunidade passiva. O empiema basilar, frequentemente diagnosticado em bezerros, está diretamente relacionado com o manejo do desmame interrompido através da utilização de tabuletas nasais. A neurotuberculose causada por Mycobacterium spp. é uma importante doença neurológica em bovinos jovens e deve ser considerada como diagnóstico diferencial de doenças neurológicas. Dos dados analisados neste período, as doenças neurológicas inflamatórias bacterianas representaram um total de 24,3% entre as doenças neurológicas inflamatórias diagnosticadas neste período e, com isso, conclui-se que representam importantes causas de mortalidade para os ruminantes domésticos. / Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are worldwide economically important conditions in ruminants. The main neurological bacterial diseases which involve inflammation in ruminants are listeriosis, suppurative leptomeningitis and meningoencephalitis, brain and spinal cord abscesses, basilar empyema and neurotuberculosis. This study aim to describe the epidemiological, pathological, microbiological and immunohistochemical findings of the bacterial inflammatory diseases that affect the CNS of ruminants in Rio Grande do Sul state. A retrospective study was performed from January 1996 to December 2015, during which samples of 3.274 cattle, 596 sheep and 391 goats were evaluated. Of these, 219 cattle, 21 sheep and seven goats were diagnosed with inflammatory diseases affecting the CNS. The neurological inflammatory bacterial diseases accounted for 60 cases, which corresponded to 34 cases in cattle, 19 in sheep and seven in goats. These were further subdivided in: meningoencephalitis by L. monocytogenes (eigth sheep, five goats and four cattle), suppurative leptomeningitis and meningoencephalitis (14 cattle, two goats and one sheep), brain abscesses (six cattle and two sheep) and spinal cord (seven sheep), basilar empyema (four cattle and one sheep) and neurotuberculosis (six cattle). Immunohistochemical exam was performed in all cases diagnosed as listeriosis (antibody anti-L. monocytogenes), as suppurative leptomeningitis and meningoencephalitis (antibody anti-E. coli), and as neurotuberculosis (antibody anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis). L. monocytogenes meningoencephalitis was the main neurological disease in sheep and goats, followed by spinal cord abscesses in sheep. In cattle, suppurative leptomeningitis and meningoencephalitis was the most frequent neurological disease, and its ocorrunce is related to the failure in passive immunity transmission. Basilar empyema is frequently diagnosed in calves and is directly related to early weaning handling through the use of nose-flaps. Neurotuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium spp. is an important neurological disease in young cattle and should be consired as a differential diagnosis of granulomatous meningoencephalitis. During the described period, neurological inflammatory bacterial diseases accounted for 24.3% of the neurological inflammatory diseases, and, thus, these are important causes of death in domestic ruminants.

Lee, Ching Ching. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-103). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgments --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii / 論文摘要 --- p.iv / Table of Contents --- p.vi / List of Tables --- p.x / List of Figures --- p.xi / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1. --- Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1. --- Development --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2. --- Mode of action --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.3. --- Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3.1. --- Target genes mutations --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3.2. --- Decreased intracellular quinolone accumulation --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.3.3. --- Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2. --- Plasmid-mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes (qnr) --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.1. --- Discovery of qnrA genes --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.2. --- Discovery of qnrS genes --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.3. --- Discovery of qnrB genes --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.4. --- Discovery of qnrC genes --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.5. --- Discovery of qnrD genes --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.6. --- Origins of qnr genes --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.7. --- Qnr proteins and mode of action --- p.14 / Chapter 1.2.8. --- Epidemiology and quinolones resistance activity of qnr genes --- p.16 / Chapter 1.2.9. --- Epidemiology of fluoroquinolone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae --- p.17 / Chapter 1.2.10 --- Multidrug-resistant in extended-spectrum-B-lactamase- and AmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae --- p.19 / Chapter 1.3. --- Background of Study --- p.20 / Chapter 1.4. --- Objectives of Study --- p.21 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Materials & Methods / Chapter 2.1. --- Study Design --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2. --- Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Bacterial isolates --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Screening for ESBL and AmpC production by disk diffusion test --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.3. --- Determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) --- p.25 / Chapter 2.3. --- "Detection of qnrA, qnrB and qnrS Genes by Multiplex PCR" --- p.27 / Chapter 2.3.1. --- Total DNA preparation --- p.27 / Chapter 2.3.2. --- "Multiplex PCR assay for qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes detection" --- p.27 / Chapter 2.3.3. --- Agarose gel electrophoresis --- p.29 / Chapter 2.4. --- "Detection of TEM-, SHV-, CTX- and PMAmpC Type B-Lactamase Genes by PCR" --- p.30 / Chapter 2.5. --- PCR Assays for Further Genotypic Characterization Purpose --- p.32 / Chapter 2.5.1. --- PCR assay to amplify qnrB genes --- p.32 / Chapter 2.5.2. --- PCR assay to amplify qnrS genes --- p.33 / Chapter 2.5.3. --- "PCR assays for genotypic characterizations of the co-existed blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M and PMAmpC genes of all qnr-positive isolates" --- p.33 / Chapter 2.5.3.1. --- Genotypic characterizations of the co-existed bla-TEM and genes --- p.33 / Chapter 2.5.3.2. --- PCR assays to amplify the co-existed blaCTX_M genes --- p.33 / Chapter 2.5.3.3. --- PCR assay to amplify the co-existed PMAmpC genes --- p.34 / Chapter 2.5.4. --- Sequencing reaction --- p.36 / Chapter 2.5.4.1. --- Purification of PCR product and sequence determination --- p.36 / Chapter 2.5.4.2. --- Sequence analysis --- p.37 / Chapter 2.6. --- Collection of Clinical Data --- p.38 / Chapter 2.6.1. --- Demographics and clinical data --- p.38 / Chapter 2.6.2. --- Definitions --- p.38 / Chapter 2.6.3. --- Data analysis --- p.40 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Results / Chapter 3.1. --- Bacterial Isolates --- p.41 / Chapter 3.2. --- "Demographics, Medical History, Clinical Features and Clinical Outcomes of Patients" --- p.42 / Chapter 3.3. --- Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing --- p.44 / Chapter 3.4. --- Detection of qnr Genes --- p.48 / Chapter 3.4.1. --- "Detection of qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes by multiplex PCR" --- p.48 / Chapter 3.5. --- Detection of ESBLs --- p.49 / Chapter 3.5.1. --- Detection of TEM- and SHV-type ESBLs --- p.49 / Chapter 3.5.2. --- Detection of CTX-M- type ESBLs --- p.51 / Chapter 3.6. --- Detection of PMAmpC Genes --- p.52 / Chapter 3.6.1. --- Detection of PMAmpC genes --- p.52 / Chapter 3.7. --- "The Distribution of qnr and bla Genes for TEM, SHV, CTX-M and PMAmpC" --- p.53 / Chapter 3.8. --- The Characteristics of qnr Isolates --- p.54 / Chapter 3.8.1. --- Genotypes of qnrB and qnrS --- p.54 / Chapter 3.8.2. --- Antimicrobial susceptibility of qnr isolates --- p.58 / Chapter 3.9. --- "The Associations of qnr Genes with Other Bacterial Resistance Genotypes, and the Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients" --- p.62 / Chapter 3.9.1. --- "Univariate analysis of the associations of qnr genes with other bacterial resistance genotypes, and the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients" --- p.62 / Chapter 3.9.2. --- "Multivariate analysis of the associations of qnr genes with other bacterial resistance genotypes, and the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients" --- p.65 / Chapter 3.9.2.1. --- "Multivariate analysis of the associations of qnr genes with other bacterial resistance genotypes, and the clinical characteristics of patients" --- p.65 / Chapter 3.9.2.2. --- "Multivariate analysis of the associations of mortality with qnr genes, bacterial resistance genotypes and other clinical characteristics of patients" --- p.66 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Discussion / Chapter 4.1. --- Prevalences and Susceptibility of ESBL and PMAmpC in Bacteraemic Enterobacteriaceae Isolates --- p.67 / Chapter 4.2. --- Epidemiology of Plasmid-mediated Quinolone Resistance (qnr) Genes --- p.69 / Chapter 4.3. --- Genotypes of qnr-positive Isolates --- p.72 / Chapter 4.4. --- Antimicrobial Susceptibility of qnr-positive Isolates --- p.75 / Chapter 4.5. --- "The Associations of qnr Genes with Other Bacterial Resistance Genotypes, and the Clinical Characteristics of Patients" --- p.79 / Chapter 4.6. --- "The Associations of Mortality with qnr Genes, Bacterial Resistance Genotypes and Other Clinical Characteristics of Patients" --- p.80 / Chapter 4.7. --- Clinical Importance and Clinical Implications of qnr Genes --- p.82 / Chapter 4.8. --- Limitations of the Current Study --- p.85 / Chapter 4.9. --- Future Studies --- p.87 / Chapter 4.10. --- Conclusions --- p.89 / References --- p.90

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Basic Sciences. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Distúrbios do sistema nervoso central (SNC) em ruminantes abrangem um importante grupo de enfermidades responsáveis por grandes perdas econômicas em todo o mundo. As principais doenças neurológicas causadas por bactérias em ruminantes e que envolvem processos inflamatórios incluem listeriose, leptomeningites e meningoencefalites supurativas, abscessos cerebrais e medulares, empiema basilar e neurotuberculose. Esta dissertação teve por objetivo a caracterização epidemiológica, patológica, microbiológica e imuno-histoquímica das doenças inflamatórias de origem bacteriana que afetam o SNC de ruminantes no Rio Grande do Sul. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo no período compreendido entre janeiro de 1996 a dezembro de 2015, onde um total de 3.274 bovinos, 596 ovinos e 391 caprinos foram avaliados. Destes, 219 bovinos, 21 ovinos e sete caprinos foram diagnosticados com doenças inflamatórias no SNC. As doenças neurológicas inflamatórias de origem bacteriana totalizaram 60 casos divididos em 34 bovinos, 19 ovinos e sete caprinos, os quais foram subdivididas em: meningoencefalite por L. monocytogenes (oito ovinos, cinco caprinos e quatro bovinos), leptomeningite e meningoencefalite supurativa (14 bovinos, dois caprinos e um ovino), abscessos cerebrais (seis bovinos e dois ovinos) e medulares (sete ovinos), empiema basilar (quatro bovinos e um ovino) e neurotuberculose (seis bovinos). O exame imuno-histoquímica foi realizado em todos os casos diagnosticados com listeriose (anticorpo anti-L. monocytogenes), meningite e meningoencefalite supurativa (anticorpo anti-Escherichia coli) e neurotuberculose (anticorpo anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis). A meningoencefalite por L. monocytogenes representou a principal enfermidade neurológica em ovinos e caprinos, seguido dos abscessos medulares em ovinos. Nos bovinos, a leptomeningite e meningoencefalite supurativa foi a doença neurológica mais prevalente para a espécie, frequentemente relacionada com a falha na transmissão da imunidade passiva. O empiema basilar, frequentemente diagnosticado em bezerros, está diretamente relacionado com o manejo do desmame interrompido através da utilização de tabuletas nasais. A neurotuberculose causada por Mycobacterium spp. é uma importante doença neurológica em bovinos jovens e deve ser considerada como diagnóstico diferencial de doenças neurológicas. Dos dados analisados neste período, as doenças neurológicas inflamatórias bacterianas representaram um total de 24,3% entre as doenças neurológicas inflamatórias diagnosticadas neste período e, com isso, conclui-se que representam importantes causas de mortalidade para os ruminantes domésticos. / Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are worldwide economically important conditions in ruminants. The main neurological bacterial diseases which involve inflammation in ruminants are listeriosis, suppurative leptomeningitis and meningoencephalitis, brain and spinal cord abscesses, basilar empyema and neurotuberculosis. This study aim to describe the epidemiological, pathological, microbiological and immunohistochemical findings of the bacterial inflammatory diseases that affect the CNS of ruminants in Rio Grande do Sul state. A retrospective study was performed from January 1996 to December 2015, during which samples of 3.274 cattle, 596 sheep and 391 goats were evaluated. Of these, 219 cattle, 21 sheep and seven goats were diagnosed with inflammatory diseases affecting the CNS. The neurological inflammatory bacterial diseases accounted for 60 cases, which corresponded to 34 cases in cattle, 19 in sheep and seven in goats. These were further subdivided in: meningoencephalitis by L. monocytogenes (eigth sheep, five goats and four cattle), suppurative leptomeningitis and meningoencephalitis (14 cattle, two goats and one sheep), brain abscesses (six cattle and two sheep) and spinal cord (seven sheep), basilar empyema (four cattle and one sheep) and neurotuberculosis (six cattle). Immunohistochemical exam was performed in all cases diagnosed as listeriosis (antibody anti-L. monocytogenes), as suppurative leptomeningitis and meningoencephalitis (antibody anti-E. coli), and as neurotuberculosis (antibody anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis). L. monocytogenes meningoencephalitis was the main neurological disease in sheep and goats, followed by spinal cord abscesses in sheep. In cattle, suppurative leptomeningitis and meningoencephalitis was the most frequent neurological disease, and its ocorrunce is related to the failure in passive immunity transmission. Basilar empyema is frequently diagnosed in calves and is directly related to early weaning handling through the use of nose-flaps. Neurotuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium spp. is an important neurological disease in young cattle and should be consired as a differential diagnosis of granulomatous meningoencephalitis. During the described period, neurological inflammatory bacterial diseases accounted for 24.3% of the neurological inflammatory diseases, and, thus, these are important causes of death in domestic ruminants.