Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / O tratamento cirÃrgico da doenÃa hemorroidÃria pela Anopexia MecÃnica (AM), utilizando grampeador circular PPH de 33mm (Ethicon EndoSurgery) pode estar relacionado a lesÃo esfincteriana perianal, com repercussÃo no padrÃo evacuatÃrio. O objetivo deste estudo à avaliar a sensibilidade e complacÃncia retal em pacientes submetidos a esta tÃcnica operatÃria. Foram estudados 10 pacientes portadores de hemorrÃidas grau III ou IV sintomÃticas. Todos os pacientes foram avaliados prÃ-operatoriamante utilizando-se um barostato (Visceral Stimulator; Synetics Medical), com base em dois protocolos de pesquisa da sensibilidade retal: um contÃnuo (Ramp Test) e outro aleatÃrio (Random test), nos quais foram aferidas as diferentes reaÃÃes dos pacientes frente à distensÃo volumÃtrica de um balÃo retal sob controle de um "software" (Polygram for Windows; Medtronic), o que permitiu a reprodutibilidade do mÃtodo no pÃs-operatÃrio. Foram observadas a sensaÃÃo retal inicial (1a. sensaÃÃo), a sensibilidade evacuatÃria (2a. sensaÃÃo) e a sensibilidade a dor (3a. sensaÃÃo). ApÃs cirurgia os pacientes foram reavaliados ao final de 2, 4 e 6 meses. Utilizou-se um grupo controle de 10 pacientes portadores de doenÃa pilonidal sacro-coccÃgea, submetidos ao mesmo protocolo de avaliaÃÃo no prà e pÃs-operatÃrio, diferenciando-os do grupo cirÃrgico pela nÃo realizaÃÃo da anopexia mecÃnica. Foram aplicados os testes estatÃsticos de Pearson e t-student para a anÃlise dos estatÃstica dos resultados. Observou-se diminuiÃÃo dos valores de complacÃncia e sensibilidade retal ao final de 2 meses de pÃs-operatÃrio no grupo submetido a AM, para todas as sensaÃÃes pesquisadas, em ambos os protocolos de insuflaÃÃo do barostato. NÃo se observou diferenÃa entre a complacÃncia e sensibilidade retal observada nas avaliaÃÃes prÃ-operatÃria e aos quatro e seis meses no grupo submetido a AM, bem como em nenhuma das avaliaÃÃes realizadas no grupo controle. Conclui-se que a Anopexia MecÃnica causa uma diminuiÃÃo transitÃria da complacÃncia e sensibilidade retal aos dois meses de pÃs-operatÃrio, valores estes que se recuperam a partir do quarto mÃs pÃs-operatÃrio. / Post-graduation Course in Surgery (Strictu Sensu), Departament of Surgery, Medicine School, Federal University of Cearà (Master in Surgery Degree). 2005, September. Professor: Prof. Dr. Lusmar Veras Rodrigues Surgical treatment of haemorrhoids by Stapled Anopexy (SA), using a circular stapler PPH - 33mm (Ethicon EndoSurgery) may damage perianal muscle fibers, with changes In defecation pattern. The aim of this study was to evaluate rectal compliance and sensitivity in patients treated by SA. Ten patients with grade III or IV sintomatic haemorrhoids were elegible for this study. All patients were studied before surgery with a barostat (Visceral Stimulator; Synetics Medical), using two research protocols for rectal sensitivity: a continuous one (Ramp Test) and another one in steps (Random test), that could record patient's perception to volumetric distention of a rectal baloon, controled by a software (Polygram for Windows, Medtronic). This software made the method reproductible to all patients in the post-operative period. The barostat was able to record the first rectal sensation (1st. sensation), urge to defecate (2nd. sensation) and rectal pain (3rd. sensation). Patients were studied following the same protocol at two, four and six months after surgery. A control group of ten patients with pilonidal sinus disease was submitted to the same protocol, except for stapled anopexy. Statistical analysis was acomplished using Pearson and Student's t test. The study found a decrease in retal compliance and sensitivity of patients treated by stapled anopexy, during the second post-operative month evaluation, for all recorded sensations, to all distension protocols. There was no difference in rectal compliance and sensitivity between pre-operative and post-operative at four and six months evaluations for patients treated by stapled anopexy. There was no difference in rectal compliance and sensitivity for any patient in control group, for any sensation recordered, using any distension protocol. The conclusion was that stapled anopexy caused a transient decrease in rectal compliance and sensitivity at the second postoperative month, that returned to normal values at the fourth post-operative month.