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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Prüfung eines Testsystems zur mikrobiologischen Barrierewirksamkeit von Sterilgutverpackungen (Papier- Folien- Verbundverpackungen) nach Transport und Lagerung / Examination of a test system for microbial barrier effectiveness of packing units for sterile products (paper-foil laminate packing) after transport and storage

Niemeyer, Katharina 30 June 2014 (has links)
No description available.
2

The Passage of Sodium-24 and Rubidium-86 Across the Blood-Brain Barrier System of Canines at Low Body Temperatures

Burgess, Michael Clifton 05 1900 (has links)
To evaluate the blood-brain barrier system in the pathogenesis of an irreversible hypothermic state in dogs, concentrations of 2 4 Na and 86Rb were measured at body temperatures ranging from 37 0 C to 160 C. A suppression of transport of sodium was demonstrated, followed by an increase as the temperature was lowered. The concentration of rubidium ion increased in concentration as the temperature fell. These data indicate there may be a temperature threshold below which the blood-brain barrier system fails to maintain the internal environment of the central nervous system. The intimate relationship of several brain stem nuclei with the cerebro-spinal fluid indicates they may be at risk during profound cooling.
3

Gênese e evolução do Sistema Laguna-Barreira da Feitoria

Manzolli, Rogério Portantiolo January 2016 (has links)
O sistema laguna-barreira da Feitoria localizado na margem oeste da célula Sul da laguna dos Patos – Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil – se assemelha geomorfologicamente, em uma escala menor, a um sistema barreira oceânico e cronologicamente ao sistema Barreira IV (Villwock e Tomazelli, 1995). Com o intuito de caracterizar a morfologia e a estratigrafia deste sistema deposicional laguna-barreira foi estudada a geologia de superfície e de subsuperfície. As características geológicas de superfície foram obtidas através da análise de aerofotografias e de imagens de satélite; de levantamentos topográficos e das análises geocronológicas por Luminescência Oticamente Estimulada em sedimentos superficiais. A geologia de subsuperfície foi caraterizada a partir da análise de perfis geofísicos registrados com sísmica rasa e de seções de georradar; junto foram integradas as análises granulométricas, palinológicas e geocronológicas (radioisótopos de 14C) coletadas em testemunhos de sondagem. Através da compilação crítica dos resultados obtidos, esta Tese apresenta evidências de que a gênese da barreira da Feitoria e da laguna na sua retaguarda, está correlacionada a topografia antecedente, marcada pela existência de um alto topográfico remanescente entre os paleovales fluviais dos rios Turuçu e Corrientes, onde este alto serviu de substrato para o início do desenvolvimento desta barreira. Também, é evidenciado que a evolução geomorfológica da barreira da Feitoria (orientação, truncamentos e tipologia dos cordões litorâneos), subdividida em nove fases de deposição, ocorreu associada as variações relativas do nível do mar a partir do Holoceno médio (8.000 anos A.P.). Observa-se também que foi influenciada diretamente pelas flutuações de alta frequência do nível de base da laguna dos Patos, causadas pela interação de três fatores: variabilidade no volume de precipitação na área da bacia de drenagem; marés meteorológicas causadas pelo vento; e alterações geomorfológicas na desembocadura da laguna dos Patos. O início da progradação dos cordões litorâneos na barreira da Feitoria ocorreu, aproximadamente, a 7.200 anos A.P., cronocorrelato ao período em que o nível relativo médio do mar ultrapassou o nível atual. A cota altimétrica da 1° crista destes cordões litorâneos encontra-se a 4,2 m acima do nível do mar atual, evidenciando a sobre-elevação do nível de base lagunar para a formação dos mesmos. A ilha da Feitoria, porção sul da barreira, teve sua formação, aproximadamente, a 5.000 anos A.P. associada ao rebaixamento do nível do mar e, consequentemente, ao afloramento do paleoalto topográfico da Feitoria. A partir deste período o controle sobre a morfologia e a orientação dos cordões litorâneos passa a ter uma maior influência associada as modificações na geomorfologia da desembocadura da laguna dos Patos (alta frequência). No entanto, as variações do nível de base lagunar (volume de precipitação e marés meteorológicas) de mais alta frequência são as responsáveis pela gênese das cristas dos cordões litorâneos. A deposição de sedimentos finos na área da laguna Pequena (retaguarda) começa antecedentemente a 7.730 anos A.P. com um aumento de influência marinha, próximo a esta idade, passando por um curto período com menor influência, retornando a aumentar a entrada de água salgada no interior da laguna dos Patos próximo a 7.000 anos A.P. A partir deste período, apesar das oscilações de alta frequência, passa a ter uma tendência de diminuir gradativamente a influência marinha no interior das lagunas dos Patos e Pequena. Esta diminuição da influência marinha pode ser correlacionada ao estreitamento do canal de ligação entre a laguna dos Patos e o oceano, assim como, o desenvolvimento da barreira da Feitoria diminuiu a comunicação entre a laguna Pequena e a laguna dos Patos. / The lagoon-barrier system of the Feitoria located on the western margin of the southern cell of the Patos lagoon - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil - resembles geomorphologically, on a smaller scale, to the barrier system oceanic and chronologically to the Barrier IV system (Villwock e Tomazelli, 1995). In order to characterize the morphology and stratigraphy of this depositional lagoon-barrier system, the surface and subsurface geology were studied. The surface geological characteristics were obtained from the analysis of aerial photographs and satellite images; surveying and geochronological analyzes Optically Stimulated Luminescence of surface sediments. The subsurface geology was characterized by the analysis of geophysical profiles recorded with shallow and georadar seismic; and granulometric, palynological and geochronological analyzes (14C radioisotopes) of sedimentary records. This thesis presents evidences that the genesis of the Feitoria barrier and the Pequena lagoon is correlated with the previous topography, marked by the existence of a high topographic remnant among the fluvial paleovales of the Turuçu and Corrientes rivers, where this high served as a substrate for the beginning of the development of this barrier. Also, it is evidenced that the geomorphological evolution of the Feitoria barrier (orientation, truncations and typology of beach ridges), subdivided into 9 phases of deposition, was associated with sea level variations from the average Holocene (8,000 years Before the Present) and was also influenced directly by the high frequency fluctuations of the basal level of the Patos lagoon, caused by the interaction of three factors: variability in the volume of precipitation in the area of the drainage basin; wind tides; And geomorphological changes at the mouth of the Patos lagoon. The beginning of the development of the coastal strands in the Feitoria barrier occurred approximately 7,200 years B.P., chronologically during the period in which the average relative sea level exceeded the current level. The crest of the first ridge of these coastal strands is 4.2 m above current sea level, evidencing the over-elevation of the lagoon base level for their formation. The island of Feitoria, southern portion of the barrier, began approximately 5,000 years BP associated with the decline of sea level and the outcropping of the topographic paleoalto of Feitoria. From this period, the control over the morphology and orientation of the coastal strands will have a greater influence associated with the changes in the geomorphology of the mouth of the Patos lagoon (high frequency). However, variations in lagoon base level (volume of precipitation and wind tides) the highest frequency are responsible for the genesis of coastal beach ridges. The deposition of fine sediments in the Pequena lagoon area starts before 7,730 years BP with an increase of marine influence, near this age (palinological records), passing for a short period with less influence, returning to increase the entrance of salt water inside Patos lagoon, near to 7,000 years BP. From this period, despite the high frequency oscillations, there is a tendency gradually decrease the marine influence inside the lagoons Patos and Pequena. This decrease in the marine influence can be correlated to the narrowing of the channel connecting the Patos lagoon to the ocean, as well as the development of the Feitoria barrier, reducing the communication between the lagoons Pequena and Patos.
4

Barrier island associated washover fan and flood tidal delta systems: A geomorphologic analysis and proposed classification scheme for modern washover fans and examination of a flood tidal delta complex in the Cretaceous upper McMurray Formation, Alberta, Canada

Hudock, Jessica Wager 18 February 2014 (has links)
A detailed study of modern washover fan (fan) morphologies will clarify common fan geometries, lead to a better model for a “typical” fan, identify the preservation potential and probable geometries of fan facies in subsurface datasets and outcrops, and ultimately improve hydrocarbon recovery in barrier island reservoir systems. This study uses satellite imagery to conduct a spatial analysis of 118 modern fans to quantify geomorphologic attributes of fans. A new classification scheme for fans is proposed that refines the current fan model, dividing fans into channelized and non-channelized fans. Channelized fans are subdivided according to the location of primary deposition: barrier depo-center or lagoonal depo-center. Non-channelized fans are subdivided based on morphology: dissipative, lobate, or apron-sourced. Quantitative cross-plots of morphologic relationships are analyzed to define trends in fan morphologies. The most common type of fan encountered in our study is a non-channelized, line-sourced, lobate washover fan with an area of less than 1 km2 that is fully contained on a barrier and exhibits no subaqueous deposition in back-barrier waters. The Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation is the primary reservoir of the Athabasca Oil Sands in Alberta, Canada. The upper McMurray is commonly interpreted as deposits of embayed coastal systems. Our location is in an under-studied area located 80 km northwest of Fort McMurray. Lateral and vertical facies changes, sedimentary structures, key surfaces, trace fossils, and bitumen saturation were documented in eight cores located along a 20 km transect situated paleo-landward of a Devonian paleo-high acting as a bedrock-barrier. Our data indicate that a flood tidal delta complex prograded landward into a back-barrier embayment through the stable, bedrock-controlled inlet. This system overlies middle McMurray fluvial sands and Devonian basement and was transgressed by marine waters prior to deposition of the overlying Wabiskaw Formation. Flood tidal delta sandbodies are bitumen saturated and therefore make good reservoirs; however, heavily bioturbated tidal flats can act as a barrier to flow where they encase flood tidal deltas, as encased sands were devoid of bitumen. This complex coastal paleogeography produced back-barrier deposits that contain a slightly more diverse, marine trace fossil assemblage than might otherwise be expected. / text
5

Farmer Perceptions of Several Rodent Pest Management Methods and the Trap-Barrier System (TBS) in Cambodia

Sotheary El Unknown Date (has links)
In Cambodia, over 80% of the population is engaged in agricultural production, mostly in rice cultivation. The country, however, faces a lot of problems of rice crop damage. In Cambodia, rodents are considered to be one of the most important pests of rice, with the potential to cause severe damage during periodic plague events. As is seen in other developing countries, physical methods of rodent control are probably the most commonly used approaches. In general, the choice of methods varies with the availability of resources, season, the participation of farmers, the condition of the rice field, weather conditions, experience with the success of the techniques, likely level of rodent attack and other considerations. However, effective rodent control methods suiting farmers’ needs and applicable to the agricultural production environment in Cambodia are yet to be assessed. The aim of this research was to examine the socio-economic factors impacting on the implementation of several rodent control methods in comparison to the Trap-Barrier System (TBS) in order to improve rodent pest control in Cambodia. The research employed a constructivist approach in which the researcher played a role as a participant observer, to study the social setting and realities as constructed by the participants in the study sites. Rodent management was studied as a complex phenomenon, occurring within the milieu of family, village and commune life in rural Cambodia. The study looks into the beliefs and behaviours of the farming community and examines how Cambodian traditions affect the implementation of rodent management techniques and the management of rodents as a community activity. Participatory techniques were employed to gather information concerning the farmers’ assessments of the effectiveness of various rodent management options practiced in Samrong Commune. The level of adoption and adaptation of TBS in the commune was observed over a period of several years. This study is the first detailed study of farmer perceptions of alternative rodent control methods in Cambodia, especially the TBS. The study was based on long term trials involving a TBS application on a commune scale and investigations after the removal of all subsidies for purchase of materials. It was apparent that TBS use declined and eventually become limited to a few individuals who had worked closely with the project. The study also demonstrates how BBNs and Netica software can be applied as participatory tools to develop and explore the decision making structure of farmers. These tools can also be used as extension tools and can contribute to better decision making by communities. The study also shows how an understanding of traditional aspects of public goods management by communities can contribute to the design of effective contemporary solutions to problems involving the community and public goods management. In this sense its significance goes well beyond the specific context of rodent control, pest management and rice production and takes on wider significance in the field of community development generally. The study applied a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach to data collection and analysis, involving interviews, surveys, modelling, workshops, field notes, observations and document review. Five rodent control methods (TBS, rodenticide, electric fencing, netting and hunting) were found to be the most common rodent control methods used in the study sites. Some common factors were found to influence the effectiveness of these methods. Farmer participation was found to be the most widely influential factor affecting the rodent management techniques. Netting method was considered the most effective method of rodent control by farmers, as well as the method that had the best benefit-cost ratio. This technique was only found to be applicable in the wet season. In general, the effectiveness of TBS and its benefit-cost ratio was ranked fourth of the five methods, because it required high farmer participation, monitoring and maintenance as well as high material expense. Improvement of TBS can be made when it can be clearly demonstrated to farmers that TBS is an applicable method, being safe and able to catch more rats. To suit the farmers’ requirements for an effective rodent control method, TBS must be able to deal with migrating rats, situations of high rat abundance and the planting problems associated with an irregular rain regime. To achieve these conditions, some intervention policies are required in terms of research and extension support.
6

A Comparative Study of Climate Based Design of Building Enclosures

McGlohn, Emily, McGlohn, Emily January 2012 (has links)
This thesis attempts to determine if misconception about vapor retarders and air barrier systems affects building enclosure design and construction. Literature on this subject is continually evolving and often contradictory, supporting confusion. A survey of designers and builders representing four climate zones within the United States was done. Respondents disclosed where they learned about building enclosures and shared how clear or confusing they think the resources are on this subject and also weighed in on a few basic principles about enclosure design. Results show that most building professionals learn about enclosures through experience or a colleague. The internet is the first written resource they use when questions arise. The most significant misconceptions identified are that in some cases vapor retarder placement does not follow accepted building science or code requirements and that a portion of respondents only consider the air barrier system the vertical surfaces of an enclosure.
7

Gênese e evolução do Sistema Laguna-Barreira da Feitoria

Manzolli, Rogério Portantiolo January 2016 (has links)
O sistema laguna-barreira da Feitoria localizado na margem oeste da célula Sul da laguna dos Patos – Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil – se assemelha geomorfologicamente, em uma escala menor, a um sistema barreira oceânico e cronologicamente ao sistema Barreira IV (Villwock e Tomazelli, 1995). Com o intuito de caracterizar a morfologia e a estratigrafia deste sistema deposicional laguna-barreira foi estudada a geologia de superfície e de subsuperfície. As características geológicas de superfície foram obtidas através da análise de aerofotografias e de imagens de satélite; de levantamentos topográficos e das análises geocronológicas por Luminescência Oticamente Estimulada em sedimentos superficiais. A geologia de subsuperfície foi caraterizada a partir da análise de perfis geofísicos registrados com sísmica rasa e de seções de georradar; junto foram integradas as análises granulométricas, palinológicas e geocronológicas (radioisótopos de 14C) coletadas em testemunhos de sondagem. Através da compilação crítica dos resultados obtidos, esta Tese apresenta evidências de que a gênese da barreira da Feitoria e da laguna na sua retaguarda, está correlacionada a topografia antecedente, marcada pela existência de um alto topográfico remanescente entre os paleovales fluviais dos rios Turuçu e Corrientes, onde este alto serviu de substrato para o início do desenvolvimento desta barreira. Também, é evidenciado que a evolução geomorfológica da barreira da Feitoria (orientação, truncamentos e tipologia dos cordões litorâneos), subdividida em nove fases de deposição, ocorreu associada as variações relativas do nível do mar a partir do Holoceno médio (8.000 anos A.P.). Observa-se também que foi influenciada diretamente pelas flutuações de alta frequência do nível de base da laguna dos Patos, causadas pela interação de três fatores: variabilidade no volume de precipitação na área da bacia de drenagem; marés meteorológicas causadas pelo vento; e alterações geomorfológicas na desembocadura da laguna dos Patos. O início da progradação dos cordões litorâneos na barreira da Feitoria ocorreu, aproximadamente, a 7.200 anos A.P., cronocorrelato ao período em que o nível relativo médio do mar ultrapassou o nível atual. A cota altimétrica da 1° crista destes cordões litorâneos encontra-se a 4,2 m acima do nível do mar atual, evidenciando a sobre-elevação do nível de base lagunar para a formação dos mesmos. A ilha da Feitoria, porção sul da barreira, teve sua formação, aproximadamente, a 5.000 anos A.P. associada ao rebaixamento do nível do mar e, consequentemente, ao afloramento do paleoalto topográfico da Feitoria. A partir deste período o controle sobre a morfologia e a orientação dos cordões litorâneos passa a ter uma maior influência associada as modificações na geomorfologia da desembocadura da laguna dos Patos (alta frequência). No entanto, as variações do nível de base lagunar (volume de precipitação e marés meteorológicas) de mais alta frequência são as responsáveis pela gênese das cristas dos cordões litorâneos. A deposição de sedimentos finos na área da laguna Pequena (retaguarda) começa antecedentemente a 7.730 anos A.P. com um aumento de influência marinha, próximo a esta idade, passando por um curto período com menor influência, retornando a aumentar a entrada de água salgada no interior da laguna dos Patos próximo a 7.000 anos A.P. A partir deste período, apesar das oscilações de alta frequência, passa a ter uma tendência de diminuir gradativamente a influência marinha no interior das lagunas dos Patos e Pequena. Esta diminuição da influência marinha pode ser correlacionada ao estreitamento do canal de ligação entre a laguna dos Patos e o oceano, assim como, o desenvolvimento da barreira da Feitoria diminuiu a comunicação entre a laguna Pequena e a laguna dos Patos. / The lagoon-barrier system of the Feitoria located on the western margin of the southern cell of the Patos lagoon - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil - resembles geomorphologically, on a smaller scale, to the barrier system oceanic and chronologically to the Barrier IV system (Villwock e Tomazelli, 1995). In order to characterize the morphology and stratigraphy of this depositional lagoon-barrier system, the surface and subsurface geology were studied. The surface geological characteristics were obtained from the analysis of aerial photographs and satellite images; surveying and geochronological analyzes Optically Stimulated Luminescence of surface sediments. The subsurface geology was characterized by the analysis of geophysical profiles recorded with shallow and georadar seismic; and granulometric, palynological and geochronological analyzes (14C radioisotopes) of sedimentary records. This thesis presents evidences that the genesis of the Feitoria barrier and the Pequena lagoon is correlated with the previous topography, marked by the existence of a high topographic remnant among the fluvial paleovales of the Turuçu and Corrientes rivers, where this high served as a substrate for the beginning of the development of this barrier. Also, it is evidenced that the geomorphological evolution of the Feitoria barrier (orientation, truncations and typology of beach ridges), subdivided into 9 phases of deposition, was associated with sea level variations from the average Holocene (8,000 years Before the Present) and was also influenced directly by the high frequency fluctuations of the basal level of the Patos lagoon, caused by the interaction of three factors: variability in the volume of precipitation in the area of the drainage basin; wind tides; And geomorphological changes at the mouth of the Patos lagoon. The beginning of the development of the coastal strands in the Feitoria barrier occurred approximately 7,200 years B.P., chronologically during the period in which the average relative sea level exceeded the current level. The crest of the first ridge of these coastal strands is 4.2 m above current sea level, evidencing the over-elevation of the lagoon base level for their formation. The island of Feitoria, southern portion of the barrier, began approximately 5,000 years BP associated with the decline of sea level and the outcropping of the topographic paleoalto of Feitoria. From this period, the control over the morphology and orientation of the coastal strands will have a greater influence associated with the changes in the geomorphology of the mouth of the Patos lagoon (high frequency). However, variations in lagoon base level (volume of precipitation and wind tides) the highest frequency are responsible for the genesis of coastal beach ridges. The deposition of fine sediments in the Pequena lagoon area starts before 7,730 years BP with an increase of marine influence, near this age (palinological records), passing for a short period with less influence, returning to increase the entrance of salt water inside Patos lagoon, near to 7,000 years BP. From this period, despite the high frequency oscillations, there is a tendency gradually decrease the marine influence inside the lagoons Patos and Pequena. This decrease in the marine influence can be correlated to the narrowing of the channel connecting the Patos lagoon to the ocean, as well as the development of the Feitoria barrier, reducing the communication between the lagoons Pequena and Patos.
8

Gênese e evolução do Sistema Laguna-Barreira da Feitoria

Manzolli, Rogério Portantiolo January 2016 (has links)
O sistema laguna-barreira da Feitoria localizado na margem oeste da célula Sul da laguna dos Patos – Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil – se assemelha geomorfologicamente, em uma escala menor, a um sistema barreira oceânico e cronologicamente ao sistema Barreira IV (Villwock e Tomazelli, 1995). Com o intuito de caracterizar a morfologia e a estratigrafia deste sistema deposicional laguna-barreira foi estudada a geologia de superfície e de subsuperfície. As características geológicas de superfície foram obtidas através da análise de aerofotografias e de imagens de satélite; de levantamentos topográficos e das análises geocronológicas por Luminescência Oticamente Estimulada em sedimentos superficiais. A geologia de subsuperfície foi caraterizada a partir da análise de perfis geofísicos registrados com sísmica rasa e de seções de georradar; junto foram integradas as análises granulométricas, palinológicas e geocronológicas (radioisótopos de 14C) coletadas em testemunhos de sondagem. Através da compilação crítica dos resultados obtidos, esta Tese apresenta evidências de que a gênese da barreira da Feitoria e da laguna na sua retaguarda, está correlacionada a topografia antecedente, marcada pela existência de um alto topográfico remanescente entre os paleovales fluviais dos rios Turuçu e Corrientes, onde este alto serviu de substrato para o início do desenvolvimento desta barreira. Também, é evidenciado que a evolução geomorfológica da barreira da Feitoria (orientação, truncamentos e tipologia dos cordões litorâneos), subdividida em nove fases de deposição, ocorreu associada as variações relativas do nível do mar a partir do Holoceno médio (8.000 anos A.P.). Observa-se também que foi influenciada diretamente pelas flutuações de alta frequência do nível de base da laguna dos Patos, causadas pela interação de três fatores: variabilidade no volume de precipitação na área da bacia de drenagem; marés meteorológicas causadas pelo vento; e alterações geomorfológicas na desembocadura da laguna dos Patos. O início da progradação dos cordões litorâneos na barreira da Feitoria ocorreu, aproximadamente, a 7.200 anos A.P., cronocorrelato ao período em que o nível relativo médio do mar ultrapassou o nível atual. A cota altimétrica da 1° crista destes cordões litorâneos encontra-se a 4,2 m acima do nível do mar atual, evidenciando a sobre-elevação do nível de base lagunar para a formação dos mesmos. A ilha da Feitoria, porção sul da barreira, teve sua formação, aproximadamente, a 5.000 anos A.P. associada ao rebaixamento do nível do mar e, consequentemente, ao afloramento do paleoalto topográfico da Feitoria. A partir deste período o controle sobre a morfologia e a orientação dos cordões litorâneos passa a ter uma maior influência associada as modificações na geomorfologia da desembocadura da laguna dos Patos (alta frequência). No entanto, as variações do nível de base lagunar (volume de precipitação e marés meteorológicas) de mais alta frequência são as responsáveis pela gênese das cristas dos cordões litorâneos. A deposição de sedimentos finos na área da laguna Pequena (retaguarda) começa antecedentemente a 7.730 anos A.P. com um aumento de influência marinha, próximo a esta idade, passando por um curto período com menor influência, retornando a aumentar a entrada de água salgada no interior da laguna dos Patos próximo a 7.000 anos A.P. A partir deste período, apesar das oscilações de alta frequência, passa a ter uma tendência de diminuir gradativamente a influência marinha no interior das lagunas dos Patos e Pequena. Esta diminuição da influência marinha pode ser correlacionada ao estreitamento do canal de ligação entre a laguna dos Patos e o oceano, assim como, o desenvolvimento da barreira da Feitoria diminuiu a comunicação entre a laguna Pequena e a laguna dos Patos. / The lagoon-barrier system of the Feitoria located on the western margin of the southern cell of the Patos lagoon - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil - resembles geomorphologically, on a smaller scale, to the barrier system oceanic and chronologically to the Barrier IV system (Villwock e Tomazelli, 1995). In order to characterize the morphology and stratigraphy of this depositional lagoon-barrier system, the surface and subsurface geology were studied. The surface geological characteristics were obtained from the analysis of aerial photographs and satellite images; surveying and geochronological analyzes Optically Stimulated Luminescence of surface sediments. The subsurface geology was characterized by the analysis of geophysical profiles recorded with shallow and georadar seismic; and granulometric, palynological and geochronological analyzes (14C radioisotopes) of sedimentary records. This thesis presents evidences that the genesis of the Feitoria barrier and the Pequena lagoon is correlated with the previous topography, marked by the existence of a high topographic remnant among the fluvial paleovales of the Turuçu and Corrientes rivers, where this high served as a substrate for the beginning of the development of this barrier. Also, it is evidenced that the geomorphological evolution of the Feitoria barrier (orientation, truncations and typology of beach ridges), subdivided into 9 phases of deposition, was associated with sea level variations from the average Holocene (8,000 years Before the Present) and was also influenced directly by the high frequency fluctuations of the basal level of the Patos lagoon, caused by the interaction of three factors: variability in the volume of precipitation in the area of the drainage basin; wind tides; And geomorphological changes at the mouth of the Patos lagoon. The beginning of the development of the coastal strands in the Feitoria barrier occurred approximately 7,200 years B.P., chronologically during the period in which the average relative sea level exceeded the current level. The crest of the first ridge of these coastal strands is 4.2 m above current sea level, evidencing the over-elevation of the lagoon base level for their formation. The island of Feitoria, southern portion of the barrier, began approximately 5,000 years BP associated with the decline of sea level and the outcropping of the topographic paleoalto of Feitoria. From this period, the control over the morphology and orientation of the coastal strands will have a greater influence associated with the changes in the geomorphology of the mouth of the Patos lagoon (high frequency). However, variations in lagoon base level (volume of precipitation and wind tides) the highest frequency are responsible for the genesis of coastal beach ridges. The deposition of fine sediments in the Pequena lagoon area starts before 7,730 years BP with an increase of marine influence, near this age (palinological records), passing for a short period with less influence, returning to increase the entrance of salt water inside Patos lagoon, near to 7,000 years BP. From this period, despite the high frequency oscillations, there is a tendency gradually decrease the marine influence inside the lagoons Patos and Pequena. This decrease in the marine influence can be correlated to the narrowing of the channel connecting the Patos lagoon to the ocean, as well as the development of the Feitoria barrier, reducing the communication between the lagoons Pequena and Patos.
9

Telas depolipropileno revestidas por quitosana/polietilenoglicol na ocorrência de aderências peritoniais: Estudo experimental em ratas / Polypropylene meshes coated by chitosan/polyethyelene glycol in event of peritoneal adhesions: experimental study in females rats

RODRIGUES, Danilo Ferreira 25 February 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:07:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert-Danilo Ferreira Rodrigues.pdf: 452744 bytes, checksum: 0d66f9b822194b140597d873ca8c4a8c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-25 / Peritoneal adhesions are highly important in clinical and surgical practice because of the potential to cause sequelae such as chronic abdominal pain, infertility and bowel obstruction; thus, preventing the formation of this process becomes a challenge for surgeons. Due to biocompatibility, bioabsorption, healing and antimicrobial properties, chitosan is a polymer which has aroused interest of researchers studying the prevention of peritoneal adhesions. The objective of this research was to determine whether the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh coated with a film of chitosan/polyethylene glycol is effective for the prevention of adhesions in rats with induced abdominal defects. We sought to further characterize the tissue reactions in acute and chronic phases of the inflammation process, and the tissue repair processes triggered by this biomaterial and the polypropylene mesh without coating. Defect of about 1cm was made in the abdominal wall, with reference to anatomical aponeurosis of the fascia of the rectus abdominis and obliquus externus abdominis muscles, followed by the implantation of polypropylene meshes coated with chitosan / polyethylene glycol (QP Group, n= 12) and uncoated polypropylene meshes (PP group, n= 12). Six animals from each group were euthanized at four and 45 days after implantation and the involvement of the mesh area by the adhesion, the type of adhesion, the inflammation process and tissue repair, and the quantification and characterization of collagen fibers were evaluated. The average of the meshes involved by adhesions in the QP and PP groups was 39.088% and 84.024%, respectively, and the structure involved in abdominal adhesions in the QP group usually consisted of the omentum around the implant, while in the PP group, adhesions were usually on the surface of the mesh. After four days of surgery, the amount of mononuclear cells was lower in QP, but the amount of polymorphonuclear cells, fibrin and collagen fibers was in greater quantity in this group; besides, the later variable showed better spatial organization. After 45 days of biomaterials implantation, there was a reduction in the amount of inflammatory cells, and spatial organization of collagen fibers in the QP group remained strong. It is concluded that the meshes coated with the film based on chitosan/polyethylene glycol did not prevent adhesion formation, but significantly minimized the seriousness of this process. In the acute phase of inflammation and tissue repair, the foreign body reaction was less intense in the group receiving the coated polypropylene mesh, but the tissue reactions caused by the studied biomaterials were similar to the chronic phase. The mesh coated with film-based chitosan/polyethylene glycol stimulated higher production and better orientation of collagen type I in the acute phase of inflammation and tissue repair, and better orientation of collagen fibers in the chronic phase of this process. / As aderências peritoniais possuem grande importância na prática clínico-cirúrgica pela possibilidade de causarem sequelas como dor abdominal crônica, infertilidade e obstrução intestinal, portanto a prevenção do desenvolvimento deste processo torna-se um desafio para os cirurgiões. Devido às propriedades de biocompatibilidade, bioabsorção, cicatrizante e antimicrobiana, a quitosana é um polímero que tem despertado interesse no estudo da prevenção de aderências peritoniais. O objetivo com esta pesquisa foi verificar se o implante intraperitonial de telas de polipropileno revestidas com o filme de quitosana/polietilenoglicol é eficiente na prevenção de aderências em ratos com defeitos abdominais induzidos, além de caracterizar as reações teciduais nas fases aguda e crônica do processo de inflamação e reparo tecidual desencadeadas por este biomaterial, e a tela de polipropileno sem revestimento. Foram realizados defeitos na parede abdominal de aproximadamente 1cm, tendo como referência anatômica a aponeurose das fáscias externas dos músculos reto abdominal e oblíquo abdominal externo, seguida da implantação de telas de polipropileno revestidas com quitosana/polietilenoglicol (Grupo QP, n=12) e telas de polipropileno sem revestimento (Grupo PP, n=12). Seis animais de cada grupo foram submetidos à eutanásia aos quatro e 45 dias após o implante, e foram avaliadas a área de envolvimento da tela pela aderência, o tipo de aderência, o processo de inflamação e reparo tecidual, além da quantificação e tipificação de fibras colágenas. A média das telas envolvidas pelas aderências no grupo QP foi de 39,088% e de 84,024% no grupo PP e a estrutura abdominal envolvida nas aderências no grupo QP geralmente consistiam pelo omento ao redor do implante, no grupo PP, as aderências geralmente estavam na superfície da tela. Após quatro dias do procedimento cirúrgico, a quantidade de células mononucleares foi menor no grupo QP, porém a quantidade de células polimorfonucleares, fibrina e fibras colágenas estavam em maior quantidade nesse grupo, além desta última variável apresentar melhor organização espacial. Após 45 dias da implantação dos biomateriais, houve a redução na quantidade de células inflamatórias, e a organização espacial das fibras colágenas no grupo QP foi permaneceu acentuada. Conclui-se que as telas revestidas com o filme à base de quitosana/polietilenoglicol não preveniram a formação de aderências, porém minimizaram significativamente a gravidade deste processo. Na fase aguda do processo de inflamação e reparo tecidual, a reação de corpo estranho foi menos intensa no grupo que recebeu a tela de polipropileno com revestimento, porém as reações teciduais provocadas pelos biomateriais analisados foram similares na fase crônica. A tela revestida com o filme a base de quitosana/polietilenoglicol estimulou a maior produção e melhor orientação de fibras colágenas tipo I na fase aguda do processo de inflamação e reparação tecidual, e melhor orientação de fibras colágenas na fase crônica deste processo.
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SISTEMA DE BARREIRA COM FILME DE HIDROGEL DE POLI(2-HIDROXIETIL METACRILATO) NA PREVENÇÃO DE ADERÊNCIAS PERITONIAIS : ESTUDO EXPERIMENTAL EM RATAS E CADELAS / SYSTEM WITH BARRIER FILM hydrogel poly (2-hydroxyethyl METHACRYLATE) IN PREVENTION OF peritoneal adhesions: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN RATS AND bitches

SILVA, Marcelo Seixo de Brito e 16 January 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:13:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Seixo - digitalizados tese.pdf: 3279535 bytes, checksum: 24af83caa54ca7c77d0f55b99fbb329f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-16 / Synthetic materials are the leading choice for the correction of defects in abdominal wall, but the formation of adhesions are a problem encountered when placing implants in contact with the abdominal viscera. With In order to avoid its formation, various materials and mechanisms are used in an attempt to prevent contact with peritoneal surfaces of the prostheses. In this sense, we investigated the possibility of the hydrogel poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (polyHEMA) coating a face of polypropylene mesh and thereby preventing peritoneal adhesion in dogs and rats, and, in the latter species, also performed a histological evaluation of implanted materials. For this, an abdominal defect was created in the rectus abdominis of 16 bitches were divided into two groups of eight animals and the defect was corrected with screen polypropylene and polypropylene mesh coated with hydrogel, respectively. The presence of adhesions was evaluated after 20 days by laparoscopy. As to rats, the surgical procedure was similar and the evaluations were performed at 15 and 30 days, with euthanasia and collection of fragments for histology with picrosirius red staining and HE The hydrogel coating the polyHEMA polypropylene mesh implanted in the abdominal wall prevented completely visceral adhesions and omentum remaining on the surface the screen when compared to polypropylene mesh in dogs and isolated rats. Was found greater amount of adhesions in the suture zone in the group a mesh coated with polyHEMA. The physical structure of the biomaterial interfered the organization and persistence of tissue response, but not in the same type. / Os materiais sintéticos são a principal escolha para a correção de defeitos na parede abdominal, mas a formação de aderências é um problema encontrado quando da colocação de próteses em contato com as vísceras abdominais. Com o objetivo de evitar a sua formação, vários materiais e mecanismos são utilizados na tentativa de impedir o contato das superfícies peritoniais com as próteses. Neste sentido, investigou-se a possibilidade do hidrogel de poli(2-hidroxietil metacrilato) (poliHEMA) revestir uma face de tela de polipropileno e, com isso, prevenir a aderência peritonial em cadelas e ratas, sendo, nesta última espécie, também realizada a avaliação histológica dos materiais implantados. Para isso, um defeito abdominal foi produzido no músculo reto abdominal de 16 cadelas que foram divididas em dois grupos de oito animais e, o defeito foi corrigido com tela de polipropileno e tela de polipropileno revestida de hidrogel respectivamente. A presença de aderências foi avaliada após 20 dias por videolaparoscopia. Quanto às ratas, o procedimento cirúrgico foi semelhante e as avaliações ocorreram aos 15 e 30 dias, com eutanásia dos animais e colheita de fragmentos para histologia com as colorações de picrossirius e H.E. O hidrogel de poliHEMA revestindo a tela de polipropileno implantada na parede abdominal impediu totalmente a formação de aderências viscerais e do omento remanescente sobre a superfície da tela quando comparada à tela de polipropileno isolada em cadelas e ratas. Foi encontrada maior quantidade de aderências na zona de sutura no grupo que recebeu a tela revestida com poliHEMA. A estrutura física do biomaterial interferiu na organização e persistência da resposta tissular, mas não no tipo da mesma.

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