Current and potential distribution in electrolyte cells. A cell has been built which has two Luggin capillaries mounted on micrometer drives so that the current and potential distribution around a working electrode can be measured. The current and potential distributions for a variety of electrode geometries have been measured. Experiments have been performed which show the effect of electrode geometry, current density and electrolyte conductivity on the current and potential distribution. Experimentally measured current distributions are compared with those calculated from existing theory.^8 Kinetic measurements of the electrolytic formation of argentous oxides in potassium hydroxide. Cyclic current step measurements during the Ag-Ag_2O oxidation plateau have been made. The results of measurements are very similar to those obtained from systems (Ag-Ag(NH_3)_2^+, (Fe^+2-Fe^+3) where the concentration of the electroactive species is diffusion controlled. The exchange current density, i_0, calculated from the relationship developed by Wijnen and Smit^49 decreased from 1.44 ma/cm^2 to 0.75 ma/cm^2 along the Ag-Ag_2O plateau. The changes in the ohmic resistance of the silver oxide film formed in 0.0543, 0.109, 1.09, 5.43, and 10.9 F KOH have been measured. The maximum resistance of the oxide measured in these electrolytes was 0.31, 0.28, 2.44, 5.15, and 0.16ohm-cm^2. Evidence for a proposed explanation of the changes which occurs in the oxide film resistance is presented.

The role of nanohybrid materials in the fields of polymer composites and electrochemical energy systems is significant since they affect the enhanced physical properties and improved electrochemical performance, respectively. As basic nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes and graphene were utilized due to their outstanding physical properties. With these materials, hybrid nanostructures were generated through a novel synthesis method, modified sol-gel process; namely, carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-maghemite and reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-maghemite nanohybrid materials were developed. In the study on polymer composities, developed CNTs-maghemite (magnetic carbon nanotbues (m-CNTs)) were readily aligned under an externally applied magnetic field, and due to the aligned features of m-CNTs in polymer matrices, it showed much enhanced anisotropic electrical and mechanical properties. In the study on electrochemical energy system (Li-ion batteries), rGO-maghemite were used as anode materials; as a result, they showed improved electrochemical performance for Li-ion batteries due to their specific morphology and characteristics.