No description available.

This work aimed to develop in a two-step strategy the deoxygenation of benzoic acid as a new probe reaction of the oxidation catalysts "at work". This choice was based on the experimental fact that the distribution of the potential main products, namely benzaldehyde, toluene and benzene depends on the presence and the mutual disposition of oxygen vacancies at the surface of the oxide catalysts. Indeed, it is claimed in the literature that single oxygen vacancies selectively produces benzaldehyde, twin oxygen vacancies (i.e. two oxygen vacancies separated by about 2Å) induce the formation of toluene while the benzene production does not need the presence of any oxygen vacancies. Two molybdenum based catalytic systems were chosen to test the new probe reaction : the molybdenum (sub)oxides and the metal molybdates. By the way of a new and original coupling between the probe reaction and the oxidation of propylene, we planned to correlate in real time the formation of the superficial oxygen vacancies monitored by the deoxygenation of benzoic acid and the activity in an oxidation reaction. Such an experimental coupling is a promising and a powerful tool which allows the fine characterization of the active catalytic site at work in an oxidation reaction.

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 24, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Thesis advisors: Dr. Keith W. Goyne and Dr. Robert N. Lerch. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1934. / "Reprint from the Journal of physical chemistry, vol. 39, no. 4, and no. 6, 1935." "References: " p. 13, 23.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Johns Hopkins University, 1917. / Biography.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1934. / "Reprint from the Journal of physical chemistry, vol. 39, no. 4, and no. 6, 1935." "References: " p. 13, 23.

Fife and O'Shaughnessy have made a serices of di-esters by allowing the sodium salts of various fatty acids to react with ethyl monochloracetate according to the following equation: RCO2 Na + ClCH2 CO2 C2 H5 -----------> RCO2CH2CO2 C2 H5 + NaCL The mechanism of the reaction appears to be ionic and to involve the attack of an RCO2- ion on the carbon atom to which the chlorine atom is attached. As the RCO2- approaches this carbon atom the chlorine atom moves away and leaves as a chloride ion. This reaction appears to be similar to the Williamson synthesis of ethers: RONa + R'X --------------> ROR' + NaX

No description available.

A study has been made of the liquid-phase oxidation of p-cymene with air in the presence of cobalt naphthenate at temperatures 50, 105, and 160°C. A solid carboxylic acid product has been isolated and a chromatographic procedure developed for its quantitative separation into the following compounds: cumic acid, p-acetylbenzoic acid, p-(α -hydroxyisopropyl)benzoic acid, and p-(α-hydroperoxyisopropyl)benzoic acid. The hitherto unreported hydroperoxy-acid has been characterized by (a) neutralization equivalent, (b) peroxidic oxygen content, (c) reduction to the above mentioned hydroxy-acid, and (d) metal-catalyzed, decomposition to the hydroxy- and keto-acids. Two previously reported products of cymene oxidation, p-toluic acid and terephthalic acid, were not produced in the present study. Large amounts of tarry products were formed at the higher temperatures, and lower yields of the carboxylic acids were obtained. / Thesis / Master of Science (MS)

Yes / A comprehensive study of the thermal behavior of the 1:1 and 2:1 benzoic acid/isonicotinamide cocrystals is reported. The 1:1 material shows a simple unit cell expansion followed by melting upon heating. The 2:1 crystal exhibits more complex behavior. Its unit cell first expands upon heating, as a result of C–H···π interactions being lengthened. It then is converted into the 1:1 crystal, as demonstrated by significant changes in its X-ray diffraction pattern. The loss of 1 equiv of benzoic acid is confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis–mass spectrometry. Hot stage microscopy confirms that, as intuitively expected, the transformation begins at the crystal surface. The temperature at which conversion occurs is highly dependent on the sample mass and geometry, being reduced when the sample is under a gas flow or has a greater exposed surface area but increased when the heating rate is elevated.