Validerat; 20101217 (root)

BackgroundHyponatremia is one of the most common electrolyte disorders in hospitalized patients. Thecondition is usually asymptomatic but can in serious cases lead to life-threateningcomplications. Drugs are a common cause of hyponatremia and can easily be overlooked byphysicians, therefore it is important to identify which drugs can induce hyponatremia.Pharmacological risk assessment (Riskprofile) is a Swedish support system providing a riskprofile based on pharmacodynamics properties of a patient medication list.AimThe purpose of this study is to identify and risk classify substances that can inducehyponatremia.MethodsThis study was performed September 2020 – January 2021 at Karolinska University Hospitalin Huddinge at clinical pharmacology. A literature search was performed in PubMed andCinahl to find the incidence of hyponatremia caused by included substances. FASS was usedas a complementary source in order to classify the risk. The substances were risk classified ona scale of 0-3, where 0 indicates a rare side effect and 3 a very common side effect. Fourteensubstances in the groups, antiepileptics, cytostatics, antidepressants, diuretics, antipsychoticand vasopressin analogue were risk classified.ResultsThirteen articles were included in this study. The substances of antiepileptics, cytostatics,diuretics and vasopressin analogue were classified as grade 2-3 which means common to verycommon side effect of developing hyponatremia. Antipsychotic was classified as 1 andantidepressants as 0, which respectively means less common side effect and a rare side effectto develop hyponatremia.ConclusionDrug-induced hyponatremia is common and more research is needed for a thoroughunderstanding. To improve patient safety, pharmacological risk assessment is necessary thushyponatremia should be added as an extra property in the system of Riskprofile.

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