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My thesis project explores the ability of architecture to represent a culture in a meaningful way. The embassy is technically in Brazil but surrounded by the District of Columbia, USA. This poses questions about culture, ecology, and geography. The challenge is how to design a cultural-specific building without it becoming a World's Fair pavilion or a cultural cliché. World's Fair pavilions often represent just a moment within a nation's ongoing architectural discourse, as is fitting for their temporary status. Some embassies are cultural clichés, which look like how uneducated residents of the host county perceive a foreign land and are invitations to form cultural stereotypes. My approach to answering this thesis question is in the process of translating Brazilian culture through the lens of my own culture using the medium of design and construction. This process can be described as translational architecture. The act of translation does not consist merely of mimicry but a transformation into something similar yet substantively different. This act of translation disrupts the implicit superiority of the original because the translation can have its own life, character, and depth. / Master of Architecture

Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses. / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2999-01-02

With the urbanization phenomenon, a population of unskilled migrant workers commonly known as Boia- Frias has rapidly grown up in slums on the peripheries of Brazilian cities. This study was carried put to assess the food habits and nutritional status of 100 Boia-Fria families of Vila Recreio, a slum area on the edge of Ribeirao Preto, S.P., Brazil, using dietary, anthropometric, and biochemical investigations. Qualitatively, the Boia-Fria diet was monotonous and simple, consisting basically of polished rice, beans, white bread, and coffee with sugar. In general, the foods which were lacking were: milk products, meats, fish, eggs, poultry, non-refined grain products, and fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins A and C. Foods of low nutritional value such as starchy gruels, sugar-water, herb tea, coffee with sugar and soft drinks were commonly used as weaning foods. Although dietary practices of pregnant and lactating women were poor, breastfeeding was still practiced by most mothers. According to 24-hour dietary recall data, conditions existed which were conducive to the development of nutritional problems, especially with respect to calcium, vitamin A, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, and iron, of the nutrients tested and with respect to quantitative intake of food. Biochemical data confirmed the presence of early malnutrition, pre-clinical in nature for about 257o of the population with respect to vitamin A, carotene, and iron. Plasma cholesterol, total lipid and vitamin E values were found to be normal. Anthropometric examinations revealed clear signs of clinical undernutrition among men and women as well as some degree of obesity among women. Child mortality data provided evidence of some advanced clinical malnutrition among children. Basic causes of malnutrition among the Boia-Frias included the following ecological factors: recent urbanization; housing, sanitation, and environmental conditions, associated with serious infection problems; poverty; illiteracy; and an ignorance of what constitutes good nutrition. Recommendations for intervention and "long-range" nutrition programs to minimize the harsh effects of poverty and upheaval on these migrant workers of Brazil were suggested. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

Esta dissertação utiliza um livro de receitas de grande difusão Dona Benta: Comer Bem (1940-2003) como fonte para estudos em história da alimentação. Sem a pretensão de esgotar ou esmiuçar o assunto, alguns temas são suscitados. Os ingredientes utilizados, alterados com o passar do tempo e que podem denotar transformações no gosto e nos padrões dietéticos. As formas de preparo e utensílios envolvidos nesse processo, que constituem o saber fazer culinário, muitas vezes transmitido oral ou empiricamente, e que é compilado e codificado em livros de receitas. As transformações tecnológicas introduziram na cozinha, um aparato material que transformou a língua das receitas em seus modos e tempos. Por fim, as concepções médicas vigentes e a construção do gosto ajudam a determinar as escolhas. Os padrões médicos que recomendavam dietas diárias de 3.500 calorias somadas à diversificação alimentar e o refinamento do gosto da dona-de-casa, a grande responsável pelo sucesso dos preparados, podem ser notados no livro de receitas estudado. Analisá-lo como fonte de pesquisa, acreditando-se que é possível, por meio de sua estrutura, função e conteúdo, identificar hábitos e práticas que nos auxiliem a compreender a cozinha brasileira desde os anos de 1940 até a atualidade é o objetivo desta dissertação de mestrado. / This dissertation uses a cookbook of a large dissemination - Dona Benta: Eating Well - (1940-2003) - as a source for studies in the history of food. Without the pretense of ran out of ideas or make a strict inquiry into the matter, some issues are studied. The ingredients used, modified over time and that may denote changes in taste and dietary patterns. The preparation forms and equipment involved in this process, and the know how, often transmitted orally or empirically, is compiled and codified in recipes books. The technological changes introduced in the kitchen, and the material goods transformed the language of their ways and times. Finally, the current medical concepts and construction of taste help to determine the choices. The diet recommendation of 3.500 calories daily added to food diversification and refinement of the taste of the owner-to-house, responsible for the great success of the preparations, may be noted in the book of recipes studied. Consider it as a source of research, believing that it is possible, by its structure, function and content, identify patterns and practices that help us to understand the Brazilian cuisine since the years of 1940 to the present is the goal of this Masters dissertation.

Orientador: Jose Carlos de Souza Braga / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-18T20:17:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_GiulianoContentode_D.pdf: 18060175 bytes, checksum: 01bbc6c0ffa7d00f03e7fc7456f1db4d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Esta tese discute a estrutura patrimonial e o padrão de rentabilidade dos bancos privados no Brasil no período 1970/2008, com ênfase no contexto de baixa inflação (1995-2008). Acreditava-se que estabilidade monetária mudaria substancialmente o padrão de atuação destas instituições, o qual passaria a ser pautado nas operações de crédito. Contudo, os indicadores de balanço de grandes bancos privados analisados neste trabalho revelam que isso não aconteceu. O comportamento dos bancos privados no Brasil em contexto de baixa inflação continuou sendo ditado pela opção por flexibilidade. Estas instituições continuaram sendo capazes de se adaptarem a diferentes conjunturas, mantendo seus elevados níveis de rentabilidade. Sustenta-se, pois, que esse padrão de atuação decorre fundamentalmente da combinação de dois fatores: 1) instabilidade macroeconômica e a consequente prática de juros básicos reais elevados; e 2) indexação dos títulos públicos à taxa de juros de curto prazo (Selic). Ou seja, de um lado a estabilidade monetária no Brasil não significou estabilidade macroeconômica; de outro, a lógica do plano de estabilização impediu a supressão do arcabouço institucional do regime de alta inflação, a saber, da moeda indexada. Nestas condições, nos momentos de maior incerteza os bancos têm a possibilidade de composição de uma carteira de ativos ao mesmo tempo líquida e rentável, o que lhes possibilita obter altos ganhos mesmo em conjunturas adversas. A despeito do fim da alta inflação, as operações destas instituições continuaram sendo pautadas majoritariamente no curto prazo, tendo nas operações com títulos públicos o principal suporte para manter seus níveis elevados de rentabilidade em contextos marcados por adversidades. Concluí-se, deste modo, que a mudança deste padrão de atuação requer a prevalência de condições macroeconômicas e institucionais que induzam essas instituições a assumirem maiores riscos, fazendo do crédito a base de seu padrão de rentabilidade. / Abstract: This thesis discusses balance sheet structure and profitability pattern of private banks in Brazil in the period 1970/2008, with emphasis in the years of low inflation (1995-2008). It was argued that monetary stability would change private banks behavior, which would so be driven by credit operations. However, the balance sheet indicators of the big private banks analyzed in this thesis shows that it didn't happen. The behavior of private banks in Brazil in the context of low inflation continued to be ruled by a flexibility option. These institutions were able to adapt its balance sheet structure to different situations maintaining their high levels of profitability. It is argued, therefore, that this behavior results fundamentally of the combination of two points: 1) macroeconomic instability and, consequently, the prevalence of high real interest rate; and 2) indexation of the government bonds to short-term money market rate (Selic). In other words, on one side the monetary stability in Brazil didn't mean macroeconomic stability; on the other hand, the logic of the stabilization plan prevented the elimination of the institutional structure of high inflation regime, that is to say, of the near money. In these conditions, during periods of higher uncertainty the banks are able to build a portfolio that is at the same time liquid and profitable, which makes possible to have high profit even in bad periods. In spite of the end of the high inflation period, the operations of these institutions continued to be focused in short-term, being the operations with government bonds the main support to high profitability levels even in adverse situations. The change of this behavior requests the prevalence of macroeconomics and institutional conditions that induce those institutions to assume larger risks, having credit as the key-point of their profitability pattern. / Doutorado / Teoria Economica / Doutor em Ciências Econômicas