Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death and disability globally. Although mammogram has been identified as a significant breast screening tool in the United States, researchers have indicated that African-born women in the United States are diagnosed with advanced stages of breast cancer because of underutilization of mammogram from diverse reasons. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine the association of demographic factors, breast cancer knowledge, health beliefs, and the utilization of mammogram among Nigerian women, 40 years and older in the United States (N=200). The study was guided by the health belief model and questionnaire was the data collection instrument used. Logistic regression analysis revealed that demographic variables, specifically age and length of residency in the United States have statistically significant effect on the odds of utilization of mammogram among the Nigerian women in the U.S. at p < 0.05. Also, according to the study results, breast cancer knowledge has a statistically significant effect on the utilization of mammogram at p <0.05. Additionally, health beliefs regarding breast cancer have significant effect on utilization of mammogram among Nigerian women 40 years and older in the U.S at p <0.05. The study findings will help in developing breast health programs for immigrant women, especially Nigerians in the U.S. to make informed decisions about timely utilization of mammographic services. Furthermore, the outcome of this study could enhance research, enlighten the health providers, and policymakers to develop culture sensitive preventive breast health programs that are appropriate to diverse women populations in the United States.

Underutilization of screening mammography by Latinas continues unabated and may contribute to disparities in disease-free survival and mortality. Objective. Comparison of two discussion group-centered educational interventions at enhancing breast cancer knowledge, breast self-exams (BSE), and screening mammography. Methods. Pre-test post-test study design. Two cohorts of 200 Latinas each participated in survey screening and discussion groups at baseline. One cohort also viewed an animated video and had BSE training. Breast cancer knowledge, self-reported BSE and mammography history were measured at baseline and three months post-intervention. Results. Breast cancer knowledge scores were good for both groups at baseline, and significantly increased at three month follow-up for both groups (p<.05) but no significant difference was observed between groups at baseline or post-intervention. Conclusion. Community-based discussion groups are a cost-effective method for improving breast cancer knowledge and promoting screening behaviors.