A "velocity-video" system was developed with the intent of measuring forward body velocity changes and technical skill during swimming. The system consists of a "swim-meter", video camera, A-D converter, Apple IIE computer, Microkey system, VCR and monitor. A correlation of 1.0 was found between the velocity computed by the "velocity-video" system and a known speed. Furthermore, comparison of the velocity pattern of breaststroke from video with digitized film revealed a correlation of 0.95. These results suggest that the "velocity-video" system is a valid method of describing swimming velocity and corresponding changes in body position. The second part of this investigation examined the relationship between physiological economy (ml 02-U_1-LBW-7L), technical skill, swim power, and performance between "superior" and "good" male and female breaststrokers. Swimmers were categorized based on best 100 yd performance time. To study physiological economy oxygen uptake was determined after a 400 yd submaximal breaststroke swim. No significant difference in economy (ml 02•m-1 -LBW-1) was noted between the superior and good swimmers for both males and females. The superior male swimmers, however, were found to have lower blood lactate values compared to the good male breaststrokers', 1.85 + 0.39 vs. 4.49 ± 0.86 mM•1-1. The superior males and females were found cover a greater distance per stroke compared to the good males and females, respectively. The ability to generate power and/or peak power was found to be an important factor in sprint performance (r = 0.91 and 0.92, respectively). During a submaximal effort the superior swimmers spent a greater amount of time during the glide and leg recovery phases of the breaststroke cycle than the good swimmers. The results of the present study suggest that the superior breaststrokers were characterized by there ability to minimize drag during the glide and leg recovery phases of the stroke cycle. This suggests greater technical skill as evidenced by the superior swimmers' ability to cover a greater distance per stroke cycle at a given speed.

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The problem with which this study was concerned was that of comparing three methods of executing the competitive breaststroke turn and their effects on swimming fifty yards. The turns utilized were the AAU, NCAA, and somersault. A related purpose was that of analyzing the time a breaststroke competitor was to be submerged on the glide following the turn. One hundred four male, senior swimmers from teams in the Arkansas AAU were rated on five components of the breaststroke. Twenty-nine advanced and thirty novice breaststrokers were selected from this group to participate in this study. The subjects were timed for a distance of fifty yards using, in order, the AAU, NCAA, and somersault turns.

Title: The influence of the strengthening of the lower extremities performance in 100 m breaststroke. Goals: The thesis aims to determine the effect of specific and non-specific exercises on the performance of the lower extremities in the 100 m breaststroke. Methods: To assess and verify the beginning, during and end of our investigation we have used these methods. Anthropometric indicators - age, height, weight, BMI (body mass index), foot length and length of lower extremities. Determining the maximal performance and number of strokes in the 100 m breaststroke. The level of explosive force of lower limbs by performing a vertical jump. And power endurance level of the lower extremities with the flexibility of the hip and knee joints by making deep squats to maximum. Results: The results of the work provide information on the impact of the strengthening of the lower extremities performance in the 100 m breaststroke. Based on the results was observed significance of these measurements using the Wilcoxon matched pairs test. For probands in the final measurements marked improvement. Key Words: breaststroke technique, strength, lower extremity, specific and non- specific exercises

Name: An overview of the performance of men and women in the discipline of the 100 m freestyle at the Olympics from 1924 to 2016. Aim: The first aim of the diploma thesis is to create a historical overview of the course of swimming competitions at the modern Olympics from 1924 to 2016. The second aim is to process personal profiles of male anf female swimmers at the first places in the discipline of the 100 m freestyle from 1924 to 2016. And the third aim is to compile a performanceoverview of all male and female finalists in the discipline of the 100 m freestyle after two always following Olympics from 1924 to 2016. Methods: The historical method was used in the search for sources of historical data in the development of swimming and the processing of individual Olympic Games. It consisted of analyzing historical facts, examining sources and creating an overview of developments. Based on the search and processing of individual performances, graphs were prepared and then the results were compared. Outcome: From the analysis of performance, we found that in the period from 1924 to 2016, men improved by 19%, which represents 11.42 s, and women by 27%, which is 19.70 s. The results of the research show that the development of men's performance slowed down while women's performance is still improving....

Title: The Comparison of Muscle Timing of Chosen Shoulder Girdle Muscles During Breaststroke Inside and Outside the Water Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to compare timing and activation of chosen shoulder girdle muscles during breaststroke in the pool with counterflow and during excercise with rubber expander. Methods: It was analyzed timing and level of muscle activation during swimming and simulating the same movement of upper extremities in the air against the power of rubber expander. As an objetification was used surface electromyography. One profesional swimer took part in this experiment Results: Based on results it seemed that the movement of upper extremities are different in the pool and in the air during swimming stroke of breaststroke. Most of the measurement were different in the pool and in the air. Keywords: swimming, breaststroke, EMG, WaS-EMG, electromyography, shoulder girdle muscles, timing

Title: Parameters of high performance swimmers training specialized in breaststroke swimming style. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to determine the training load and performance development at leading Czech swimmer, winner of Czech records. Method: Reference period became a four-year olympic cycle before the Olympic Games in London in 2012. Data collection was implemented mainly through the study of documents - coach training diaries and race analysis. Computer processing of the data is performed through descriptive statistics, tabulations and graphic display and degree of dependence. Results: The investigation showed that the training load displacement characteristics observed in many parameters swimmer makes a lower value. Causal could be frequent medical complications. Yet training allowed the swimmer to complete quality training with little performance progression in their major disciplines 50 m and 100 m breaststroke and to start at world competitions. Key words; sports swimming, olympic cycle, training load, breaststroke swimming style.

Topic:Teaching school-age chidren a breaststroke swimming style with an usage of dolphin wave. Goals:The goal of the thesis is to teach young children (6-9 years old) breaststroke swimming style by usage a dolphin wave. Methods:The thesis is mainly descriptive multi-case study. We used standardized and even non- standardized methods. The teaching method had been applied to a group of six children (6-9 years old) and analyzed by the diploma thesis author after its application. In the same time we teach another group of six children by standard breatststroke didactics method, so we were able to compare both methods. Results:The application of dolphin wave method into didactic of breaststroke swimming style has advantages and even disadvantages. The advantage is mainly freedom of movement, so children can use their creativity and sence to find the optimal movement. On the other hand the freedom is also disadvantage, since it can cause a little chaos at the beginning of the training. The successfulness of both methods was same. In both groups four children learnt the breaststroke and two did not. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Title: The evaluation of occurrence and quality of the most widely used swimming technique used by the public in Prague. Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to find out in selected Prague pools, which swimming technique is the most widely accepted by public. Identify and compare the specific technical deficiencies in the performance of the swimming techniques with respect to age and sex. Methods: Direct observation was used as the research method. The results of the observation were recorded in the pre-built tables. The recorded data was processed with statistical methods and subsequently were compared, evaluated and graphically represented. Results: It was found that the most used swimming technique by public in selected Pragues pools is Breaststroke. Swimming public often used just one of the techniques - breast, for swimming locomotion. In excess of half the pool visitors had deficiencies in their breaststroke technique. This was more pronounced in older people than younger people. There was also differences between male and female with the women adopting the incorrect action of tilting their head backwards. Keywords: swimming public, breaststroke technique, blunder, asymmetric movement of the legs, head bent backward

Title: Breaststroke style technique by public swimming in the Czech Republic and the USA Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to identify and compare the selected regions in the country and abroad, which is the most used swimming technique by public swimmers. Identify specific technical deficiencies of the breaststroke style performance, according to age and gender. Methods: Research methods used: direct observation, scaling-tabular record, comparison of data from different regions and selected groups of probands and methods of mathematical - statistical data processing. The data were analyzed and graphically illustrated. Results: It was found that the breaststroke is the most used technique by public swimmers in selected regions in the Czech Republic. The most used technique in the USA is the one similar to crawl. Breaststroke swimmers from the USA committed less blunders than breaststroke swimmers in the Czech Republic. More than a half of visitors to Czech pools swim breaststroke with blunders. Swimmers in the Czech Republic very often use only one technique for swimming locomotion - breaststroke. The elderly were observed more errors in the breaststroke technique, than generation of younger swimmers. Difference was observed between swimming technique of men and women - women often swim with...