Several pyrethroid insecticides were evaluated and compared for efficacy against lepidopterous insect pests in broccoli. Zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang®) was compared at two rates, tralomethrin (Scout X-tra®) formulations were compared, lambda-cyhalothrin (Karate®), and esfenvalerate (Asana®) were evaluated for efficacy against cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni. CL). Following each of the applications, most of the treatments reduced the number of larger sized CL relative to the untreated check. The two rates of Mustang performed similarly as did the two formulations of Scout X-tra, emulsifiable concentrate versus gel.

DPX -MP062 (Dupont) insecticide was applied two times in broccoli for cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni. CL) control and demonstrated efficacy comparable or superior to methomyl (Lannate®) or esfenvalerate (Asana®). DPX-MP062 0.025 to 0.065 lb AI/A alone or in combination with Lannate significantly reduced the number of medium to large sized CL larvae relative to the untreated broccoli following each application.

Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci also known as B. argentifolii) control in fall planted broccoli is difficult to achieve with foliar-applied insecticides and two treatments were compared and demonstrated a relative reduction of the immature stage of whitefly. Capture® (bifenthrin) plus Thiodan® (endosulfan) as a tank-mix applied two times significantly reduced the number of whitefly immatures (9/leaf) compared to the untreated check (71/leaf). Provado® (imidacloprid) following two applications reduced the number of immature whiteflies by only slightly more than 50% (38/leaf).

In a small plot field test, imidacloprid (Provado®), oxydemeton- methyl (Metasystox-R®), RH -7988 (Aphisttar®, Rohm and Haas), pirimicarb (Pirimor®), methamidaphos (Monitor®), and endosulfan were effective in significantly reducing the number of aphids in broccoli within 4 days of treatment (DAT). At 14 DAT, Provado, Metasystox-R, and Monitor continued to exhibit a significant reduction of aphids relative to the untreated check Pymetrozine (CGA- 215944, Novartis) at 0.022 lb AI/A did not effectively reduce aphids in this test.

Peronospora parasitica is the pathogen responsible for causing downy mildew of broccoli, cabbage and cauliflower. Cool moist environmental conditions favor the development of downy mildew on these crops. Several potential new fungicides were evaluated for control of this disease on broccoli in 1998. The final severity of downy mildew in this trial was moderately high. Significant reduction in disease severity compared to nontreated plants was achieved by application of standard compounds such as Aliette, Bravo, maneb and Trilogy as well as the new fungicides Actigard, an Unknown, Curzate, Quadris, RH-7281, BAS 490, Acrobat and BAS 500. Broccoli yield was significantly increased compared to nontreated plots by treatments with Bravo, Curzate, Acrobat, BAS 500, Quadris, maneb, Actigard, BAS 490, an Unknown, RH-7281 and Aliette. The future registration and subsequent availability of one or more of these new chemistries for broccoli and related crops could help minimize the risk of development of resistance to fungicides used to manage downy mildew.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-96). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Response of Direct-seeded Broccoli to Preemergence Oxyfluorfen and BAS 514 Preemergence treatments of oxyfluorfen at 0.14, 0.28, and 0.56 kg ai/ha caused a 40 to 99% reduction in stand of direct-seeded broccoli, while BAS 514 applied at the same rates caused no reduction in stand. All rates of oxyfluorfen completely controlled Venice mallow while only the 0.56 kg/ha rate of BAS 514 provided acceptable (>70%) control. Broccoli plants that survived preemergence applications of oxyfluorfen exhibited injury ranging from 32 to 97% 6 to 9 weeks after treatment. BAS 514 applied at 0.14, 0.28, 0.56 kg ai/ha provided excellent control of common ragweed with little or no visible crop injury. Common ragweed control with oxyfluorfen varied with soil moisture and organic matter. Applications of 0.28 and 0.56 kg/ha oxyfluorfen significantly reduced yield when compared to the cultivated check. Yields from plots treated with 0.14 kg/ha BAS 514 equalled or exceeded the cultivated check. Treatments of oxyfluorfen and BAS 514 to seeded broccoli caused approximately a one week delay in harvest. Nomenclature: oxyfluorfen, [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4- nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene]; BAS 514, quinclorac, (3,7-dicloro-8-quinoline-carboxylic acid); broccoli, [Brassica oleracea(L.) var botrytis]; common ragweed, (Ambrosia artemisifoliaL. #³ AMBEL); Venice mallow (Hibiscus trionum L. #3 HIBTR); Additional index words: Brassica oleracea (L.) botrytis, quinclorac. Weed Control and Crop Yield with Postemergence Applications of Oxyfluorfen, Pyridate, and BAS 514 to Direct-seeded Broccoli Postemergence applications of oxyfluorfen in field studies caused white chlorotic speckling on broccoli foliage. Plants treated with 0.07 kg/ha oxyfluorfen produced yields similar to the cultivated check. High rates of pyridate (4.03 kg/ha) caused yellow lesions on broccoli foliage. Total broccoli yields from plots treated with pyridate at 0.28 and 0.50 kg/ha were not significantly different from the cultivated check. BAS 514 caused moderate growth stunting to broccoli in field studies. At two out of four locations, injury increased with time. At these sites, total broccoli yield from plots treated with 0.28 and 0.56 kg/ ha BAS 514 was lower than the cultivated check. Total number of broccoli heads per hectare for plots treated with BAS 514 equaled or exceeded that of the cultivated check. Broccoli treated with BAS 514 plus the experimental adjuvant BAS 090 showed increased injury and decreased yield with increasing rates when compared to applications of BAS 514 alone. Broccoli developed foliar veinal chlorosis and whitish elongated heads following applications of BAS 514 plus BAS 090. High rates of BAS 514 (0.56 kg/ha) with or without BAS 090 reduced average head weight. Little to no stand reduction or delay in harvest was observed with any herbicide treatment. A two fold safety margin for herbicide rate was observed for oxyfluorfen at 0.07 kg/ha, pyridate at 0.50 kg/ha and BAS 514 at 0.14 kg/ha. In greenhouse studies, oxyfluorfen at 0.28 kg/ha provided >90% control of common ragweed and common lambsquarters, and 77% control of common pigweed. Pyridate at 2.02 kg/ha provided excellent control of horseweed, and greater than 70% control of prickly sida, common ragweed and common lambsquarters. All rates of pyridate controlled common pigweed. Applications of BAS 514 at 0.14 to 0.56 kg/ha provided 88 to 100% control of horseweed and 76 to 82% control of common ragweed. Greater than 90% control of large crabgrass was observed with BAS 514 plus BAS 090 at 0.28 kg/ha. Nomenclature: oxyfluorfen, 2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene; pyridate 6-chloro-3-phenylpyridazine-4-yl-S-octyl carbonothionate; BAS 514, quinclorac, 3,7-dichloro-8-quinoline-carboxylic acid; broccoli Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis; common ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. #3 AMBEL; redroot pigweed Amaranthus retroflesus L. #AMARE; common lambsquarters Chenopodium album L. #CHEAL; Prickly sida Sida spinosa L. #SIDSP; Horseweed Conyza canadensis L. #ERICA; Large crabgrass Digitaria sanguinalis L. #DIGSA; Additional index words. quinclorac, BAS 090, Brassica oleracea L. botrytis. / Master of Science

Broccoli growers in Southside Virginia have had difficulty with stand establishment. This research was undertaken to identify potential causes of poor stand establishment. Temperature and soil moisture conditions in Southside Virginia during July and August are often less than favorable for seedling growth. Experiments were designed to test the temperature and moisture stress limits for germination and emergence of 'Packman' broccoli, under the controlled conditions of growth chambers. / Master of Science

No description available.

No description available.