No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, 1933. / Lithoprinted. "Private edition, distributed by the University of Chicago libraries, Chicago, Illinois." eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, 1932. / Lithoprinted. "Private edition, distributed by the University of Chicago libraries, Chicago, Illinois." Description based on print version record. Bibliographical foot-notes.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, 1943. / Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

The rate constants of the abstraction reaction Mu + HBr —• MuH + Br were measured using the well established μSR technique at TRIUMF. Measurements were made at various temperatures between 170 and 480 K, and fit to the Arrhenius equation both with and without an additional T½ dependence. The rate constants obtained were k(T) = (5.101 ± 0.106) x 10⁻¹¹ exp{-(0.560 ± 0.110) kcal mol⁻¹/RT} and k(T) = (0.183 ± 0.005) x 10⁻¹¹T½exp{-(0.286± 0.014) kcal mol⁻¹/RT} cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹. The low activation energy for such an exothermic reaction indicates that the barrier on the Mu + HBr surface is early. Kinetic isotope effects of the H/Mu + HBr reactions along with a lack of curvature in the Mu + HBr Arrhenius plot suggest that tunneling is relatively unimportant down to 170 K. / Science, Faculty of / Chemistry, Department of / Graduate

Addition reactions of pentafluorosulfur bromide with unsaturated substrates were studied and four new compounds containing the pentafluorosulfur group have been prepared. The mechanism for these reactions seems to involve a radical addition pathway. In reaction with CH2=CFC1, CF3C≡CH and CH3C≡CH the SF5 radical attacks the carbon atoms carrying the most hydrogens. The reaction with CF2=CHCl is interesting, as by analogy with other fluoroolefins, the SF5 primary attack should occur.at the CHCl group, however, SF5CF2CHC1Br was found as the only product for this reaction. The reaction of SF5Br with CF3C≡CH produced two isomers but with CH3C≡CH only one isomer was forrmed. Analytical data, infrared, nmr .and mass spectra are presented supporting the proposed structures for these new compounds.

No description available.

Methyl bromide (CH3Br) and methyl chloride (CH3Cl) are two halocarbons that are unique in that they play a significant role in stratospheric ozone destruction, and are mainly produced by natural systems. The current average tropospheric mixing ratios are 7.9 pptv CH3Br and 550 pptv CH3Cl (WMO, 2007). Although CH3Br and CH3Cl are present in such low concentrations, their atmospheric life times are sufficiently long that they can be transported to the stratosphere via the tropical tropopause at the equator. This process takes approximately six months.

Les maladies cardio-vasculaires liées à l'athérosclérose sont pourvoyeuses d’une importante morbi-mortalité dans les pays développés. Une détection plus précoce des modifications des parois vasculaires, via des techniques de diagnostic non invasives, pourrait sensiblement améliorer leur prise en charge. L'échographie est largement utilisée comme outil de dépistage des maladies cardiovasculaires. Cependant, sa faible sensibilité limite son utilisation. Le développement d’agent de contraste spécifique permettant de résoudre ce problème semble donc primordial. Le fucoidane est un ligand polysaccharidique sulfaté ayant une forte affinité pour la P-sélectine. Exprimée au niveau de la surface des plaquettes activées et des cellules endothéliales, cette dernière est impliquée dans la pathogénèse précoce des maladies cardiovasculaires. Le but de ce projet de thèse a été de développer un agent de contraste injectable ciblant la P-sélectine via le fucoidane dans le but de réaliser une modalité d’imagerie moléculaire de faible coût, simple et spécifique des pathologies artérielles. Trois types d'agents de contraste ont été développés : 1) Des nanoparticules associées à du bromure de perfluorooctyle (PFOB), fonctionnalisées par du fucoidane. Elles ont été capables de se fixer à la P-selectine et une amélioration du contraste a été observée présentaient une mauvaise échogénicité dans la circulation sanguine, probablement en raison de leur faible teneur en PFOB et de leur très petite taille. 2) Afin d’améliorer l’échogénicité, des microcapsules contentant du PFOB dans leur coeur ont été développées. Celles-ci se sont également liées à la P-sélectine même en condition de dans un modèle animal de maladie artérielle. Cependant, ces produits flux sanguin. Des résultats dans les zones où la P-sélectine était exprimée. Malheureusement, l'augmentation du ont montré que ces m icrocapsules étaient présentes contraste était toujours insuffisante pour être suffisamment discriminante. 3) Des microbulles fonctionnalisées par du fucoidane, ont été conçues pour surmonter ce problème d’échogénicité. Elles ont montré une augmentation significative du signal acoustique en condition de flux sanguin. De plus, ces microbulles se sont accumulées à la surface des parois artérielles riches en thrombus. Ces derniers résultats indiquent que ces microbulles, en tant qu'outil d'imagerie moléculaire ultrasonore, pourraient être très intéressantes pour les futures études des maladies artérielles. / Cardiovascular diseases due to atherosclerosis remain a major morbidity in developed countries. Their treatment could be substantially improved with early detection of the vascular Ultrasonography is widely used as a screening tool in clinic to detect cardiovascular diseases. However, its low resolution requires the development of targeted acoustic tracers to improve the contrast degree. Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide ligand with a high affinity for P-selectin, which was found to be expressed on the activated non- pathological changes by invasive diagnostic techniques. platelets and endothelial cells and involved in the early pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this doctoral project was to develop injectable, low-cost and simple contrast agents, functionalized with fucoidan as efficient acoustic tracers of P-selectin for ultrasound molecular imaging of arterial pathologies. Three types of contrast agents have been developed: 1) Fucoidan functionalized nanoparticles loaded with perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB). They could bind to P-selectin and exhibit contrast enhancement in animal models of arterial disease. However, these products showed poor echogenicity in blood stream due probably to low content of PFOB and their very small size. 2) Fucoidan functionalized microcapsules with PFOB core were developed to improve the PFOB encapsulation efficiency. They could bind to P-selectin in arterial flow conditions, and microcapsules were located in the regional expression of P-selectin. Unfortunately, results revealed that these the contrast enhancement was still insufficient to be observed. 3) To address echogenicity problems, fucoidan functionalized polymer microbubbles were designed to replace PFOB. They showed strong signal enhancement under flow conditions and could accumulate on the surface of platelets-rich thrombus. These results indicated that these microbubbles, as ultrasound molecular imaging tools, could be very interesting for the future study of arterial diseases.