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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

[pt] CALÇADA SOCIAL SUSTENTÁVEL: UMA PROPOSTA PARA A CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO / [en] SUSTAINABLE SOCIAL SIDEWALK: A PROPOSAL FOR THE CITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO

LÍVIA BEATRIZ BRIGAGÃO DA SILVA 03 November 2016 (has links)
[pt] A concentração da população urbana e a dinâmica das cidades apresentam desafios às administrações públicas municipais em suas tarefas de ampliar e conservar caminhos pavimentados destinados a pedestres, especialmente em metrópoles como o Rio de Janeiro onde a integração entre dois ou mais modais de transporte público é realizada quase totalmente sobre a superfície e por meio de linhas de ônibus, demandando a utilização de calçadas com mais frequência. Embora a Constituição Federal trate dos temas acessibilidade em prédios, portadores de deficiência, segurança viária e mobilidade urbana, as ações públicas voltadas para soluções de tráfego ainda privilegiam modais motorizados. Sem conservação, calçadas com buracos e desníveis estão por toda a cidade. Faltam rampas de acesso para pessoas com mobilidade reduzida e sobram obstáculos que diminuem a capacidade de fluxo para os pedestres, como bancas de jornal mal posicionadas. Inegável é que o planejamento e as respectivas ações administrativas para a gestão de calçadas urbanas necessitam de técnicas que deem conta da dinâmica em lugar de soluções empíricas. Esta pesquisa propõe um modelo de calçada sustentável que priorize as dimensões social e institucional da complexa realidade urbana representada. Um índice de qualidade é proposto para que o gestor público possa diagnosticar e monitorar a conservação dos pavimentos destinados a pedestres. / [en] Pavements for pedestrians were object of attention of rulers since the 17th century, when cities still had no motor vehicles. In the city of Rio de Janeiro, capital of the empire, in 1870, a new urban structure was in process, in total harmony with transportation; the city expanded due to the capacity of the transport network to ensure transportation of the population (Silva, 2008). Figure 1 exhibits the granite sidewalks of Ajuda street, in the proximities of the municipal theater of Rio de Janeiro, in the early 20th century. They offered good comfort and safety conditions even for current demand levels. This example represents a significant advancement in pedestrian infrastructure in comparison to pavings that still prevailed at the time, as the pé-de-moleque (boy s-foot, a Brazilian candy made with crunched peanuts) pavement that emerged in colonial Brazil, still present in neighborhoods of Rio de Janeiro and other historical cities of Brazil. Figure 1 also shows an segment in pé de moleque on current Rio Branco avenue, discovered in 2015 upon construction of the light rail vehicle (VLT). Currently, sidewalks may be considered an indicator of human development, within the sustainable human mobility sphere, defined as the displacement manner that prioritizes the individual, respecting same as to what regards proper needs, producing minimal energetic cost, with significant reduction of pollutants emissions and noise levels, restricting use of cars and decreasing their speeds. In this scenario wherein sustainability is considered a guideline for urban development policies, which have among their purposes equity and social justice in the appropriation of land, resources and the use of road space, city walking gains more importance (Gondim, 2001). In Brazil, where more than 80 percent of the population lives in cities, how does the municipal public administration act on the current sidewalks infrastructure? Could a sidewalk quality index serve as a tool to the manager and the proper population, through residents associations to diagnose and monitor the quality of sidewalks? An attempt to answer these important questions is the aim of this work.

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