No description available.

Implied spatial boundaries are examined and evaluated at a camping shelter complex on an Eastern California lake. A grid of concrete columns house a series of suspended wooden boxes and a connecting ramp. / Master of Architecture

The problem of this study was to make a critical evaluation of the qualifications and duties of counselors in girls' selected private summer camps in Texas, New Mexico, and Colorado for the following purposes: 1. To determine the duties and qualifications of camp counselors; 2. To determine criteria for qualifications and duties of camp counselors; 3. To determine the opinions of camp directors regarding the duties and qualifications of counselors; 4. To determine the extent to which counselors available for these areas meet the qualifications outlined by camp directors; 5. To determine the needs of the camps for counselors from the viewpoint of the directors of camps; 6. To determine the duties and needs indicated by the directors as far as training is concerned; 7. To determine recommendations for pre-service training in physical education departments for future counselors.

Thesis (doctoral) - Universität, Hamburg, 2004. / Bibliographie p. 365-374. Index.

No description available.

Thesis (Dr. phil.)--Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, 2000. / Vol. 3 is a catalog of 55 selected concentration camp inmate uniforms from concentration camp memorials, German museums, Bet loḥame ha-geṭaʼot, and Yad Vashem. Includes bibliographical references (p. 305-324). Also available via the World Wide Web.

<p>This thesis investigates an online STEM camp called Techie Times and observes its ability to engage rural and urban students in Indiana after the initial COVID-19 outbreak. Students from both locales are found to engage with the camp but only from a few counties across Indiana. Techie Times observed high skills and performance engagement and moderate participation and emotional engagement. The guardians of students appreciated the online camp’s structure, ease of access, and hands-on activities, but thought that the students needed more opportunities to interact with each other and present ideas.</p>

No description available.

Master of Public Health / Human Nutrition / Richard R. Rosenkranz / Purpose: Dietary habits are established in childhood and are often maintained into adulthood. Fruit and vegetable consumption contributes to prevention of several chronic diseases, but many children do not meet dietary guidelines for fruit and vegetable intake. In this study, two versions of a theoretically informed, behaviorally oriented nutrition education program were evaluated. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design, conducted at a summer camp in northwestern Russia. Data were collected on boys and girls (n=40), aged 8-12y (mean=10.4; SD= 1.0) with mean BMI percentile of 56.7 (SD=26.7), assigned to receive 15 sessions of enhanced nutrition education with skill-training (intervention) or classic nutrition education (comparison); both nutrition education programs were based on Social Cognitive Theory. For the intervention condition, an additional skill-training component included healthy snack preparation activities and games. Data were obtained through previously published questionnaire items and from a menu for snack selection. Independent and paired t-tests were performed to assess differences between groups and across time, respectively. Alpha was set at p < 0.05. Results: Both groups showed statistically significant differences from baseline to post-intervention in nutrition knowledge (p<0.001), healthy eating attitudes towards fruit and vegetable consumption (p=0.001), and healthy eating behavior (snack selection) (p<0.001). No statistically significant differences between time points were found, however, for children’s self-efficacy to eat fruits (p=0.822) or vegetables (p=0.118). There were no differences between intervention and comparison groups for change in nutrition knowledge (p>0.05), attitudes, self-efficacy, or behavior (snack selection). Conclusion: In this study nutrition education, with or without skill training, was associated with improved knowledge, attitudes, and behavior in a Russian camp setting. Therefore, future research should examine the long-term sustainability within different school-aged children’s environments.

Tumor metastasis is a fundamental property of malignant cancer cells and the major cause of death in cancer patients. Recent studies indicate that tumor cell invasion and metastasis may be initiated by the formation of the actin-rich cell protrusions with ECM degradation activity, invadopodia. However, despite extensive research on the biology of invadopodia, very little is known about their specific inducers during tumor progression. Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted lysophospholipase whose expression levels within tumors correlates strongly with their aggressiveness and invasiveness. ATX produces lyosophosphatidic acid (LPA), a phospholipid with known tumor promoting functions that acts through the G-protein coupled receptors, LPA[subscript 1-6] . Recently, overexpression of ATX and LPA receptors (LPA[subscript 1-3]) has been linked to increased tumor invasion and metastasis in vivo , however, the role of other LPA receptors (LPA[subscript 4-6]) as well as the exact mechanisms by which ATX induces tumor metastasis remain poorly characterized. In order to determine the involvement of ATX and LPA in invadopodia production, we used the fibrosarcoma HT-1080 cells stably transfected with ATX or shRNA targeting ATX in fluorescent matrix degradation assays. Our results demonstrate that ATX is implicated in the production of invadopodia resulting in an increase in both their formation and function. Using LPC or LPA, the substrate and product of ATX, we further show that invadopodia production is dependent on the production of LPA from LPC. Among the LPA receptors, LPA 4 has the highest expression in HT1080 cells. Using LPA[subscript 4] shRNA as well as agonists and inhibitors of the cAMP pathway, we provide evidence that LPA[subscript 4] signaling through the cAMP-EPAC-Rap1 axis, regulates invadopodia formation downstream of ATX. Furthermore, inhibition of Rac1, a known effector of Rap1 and invadopodia formation, abolished EPAC-induced invadopodia production, suggesting downstream participation of Rac1. Finally, results using LPA[subscript 4] shRNA support the requirement of this receptor for in vitro cell invasion and in vivo metastasis formation. Our results suggest that ATX through LPA[subscript 4] is a strong inducer of invadopodia formation that correlates with the ability of the cells to invade and metastasize. This study also revealed an unexpected signaling pathway for cell invasion involving LPA[subscript 4]-driven cAMP production and subsequent activation of the EPAC-Rap1-Rac1 axis.