Oxymonads are a group of heterotrophic flagellates living in low oxygen environment. These protists inhabit mainly the gut of xylophagous insects (cockroaches, termites), with an exception of the genus Monocercomonoides, which was described from the intestinal contents of many vertebrates. On the basis of molecular data, Oxymonadida are classified into the supergroup Excavata (Cavalier-Smith, 2002; Simpson et al., 2006, Hampl et al. 2009). This thesis was focused on the diversity of genus Monocecomonoides from the morphologically simplest family Polymastigidae. The main goal of our work was to gather sequence data from strains isolated from a wide spectrum of hosts. We have obtained 26 partial sequences of the gene for the SSU rDNA in total, of which two belonged to another oxymonad, apparently genus Oxymonas. Our phylogenetic analysis indicated that the representatives of the genus Monocercomonoides form one group, however with a low bootstrap support. On the basis of published data about the presence of non-canonical genetic code in some oxymonads (Keeling and Leander, 2003; de Koning et al., 2008), we decided to explore this rare phenomenon in representatives of the genus Monocercomonoides. For this part of the study we gathered 9 partial sequences of α-tubulin gene. In these sequences we have not...

Title: Instantons and Unitarily Inequivalent Quantum Vacua Author: Roman Derco Department: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics Supervisor: doc. Alfredo Iorio, Ph.D., Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics Abstract: In the presented thesis we investigate the relationship between the topologically distinct instantonic vacua and the unitarily inequivalent vacua of the quantum field theory. We focus on quantum mechanical exam- ples, where instantons appear but the complications due to quantum gauge field theory are absent. A model for quantum dissipation and the theory of one particle escaping from a metastable minimum were compared, what led to some observations. A double well system was build from harmonic oscillators and an interaction term to get closer to the quantum dissipation model, where inequivalent representations are involved. We identified the particularly simple model of a quantum particle constrained on a circle to be the ideal toy model for spotting the relation among unitarily inequivalent vacua and topologically distinct vacua we were seeking for. 1

Compounding in the world’s languages is a complex word-­‐formation process that is not easily accounted for. Moreover, incorporation is equally complex and problematic. This examination of compounding and incorporation in the Ket language seeks to identify the underlying logic of these processes and to work towards a typology that captures generalizations among the numerous ways in which languages expand their lexicons through these processes. Canonical Typology provides a framework that does just this. A preliminary canonical typology of compounds is proposed here, one that subsumes a range of compounds as well as incorporation. For this reason, the Ket language, which relies heavily on compounding and incorporation, will be used as a test case. The aim is to define the canonical com

Orientador: Carlos Roberto Padovani / Banca: Teresa Cristina Martins Dias / Banca: Sandra Fiorelli de P. Simeão / Banca: Marie Oshiiwa / Banca: Antonio Carlos Simões Pião / Resumo: A necessidade de entender o relacionamento entre variáveis biológicas faz da análise multivariada uma metodologia com grande potencial de aplicação em várias áreas do conhecimento. Na agricultura, sua utilização vem auxiliando a compreensão e a obtenção de respostas altamente interessantes e práticas, que permitem optar pelo seu emprego, tanto pela eficiência como pela acurácia do método na interpretação dos resultados. A partir da utilização de técnicas multivariadas pautadas em procedimentos quantitativos mais robustos e sensíveis, buscou-se caracterizar o perfil produtivo e climático das microrregiões do Sudeste do estado de Mato Grosso e construir modelos para quantificar e aprofundar a interrelação entre produtividade e variáveis climáticas nas respectivas regiões. Para classificar microrregiões semelhantes segundo suas características, quando nenhuma suposição foi feita concernente ao número de grupos ou a estrutura do grupo, utilizou-se a análise de agrupamento. Buscando variáveis agrícolas e de produtividade e a incorporação de novos procedimentos multivariados na interrelação desses indicadores, utilizou-se a análise de correlação canônica. Para a operacionalização desses procedimentos multivariados foram estabelecidas técnicas para estimar os componentes climáticos não disponíveis em algumas das microrregiões estudadas. A análise de agrupamento permitiu desenhar um mosaico de heterogeneidade espacial e estabelecer diferentes perfis na composição dos grupos de microrregião, reunindo as mais tradicionais no cultivo de uma espécie, ou mais produtivas, ou aquelas mais propícias ao desenvolvimento de determinada cultura. A análise fatorial estabeleceu dois eixos canônicos para as interrelações entre as culturas, sendo o primeiro fator explicando 42,22% da variância total correlacionado com as culturas anuais, podendo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The knowledge of the relationship between biological variables makes the multivariate analysis a potential tool for applications in several science fields. In agriculture, this technique has enabled the understanding and obtaining responses very real, which show the possibility of use by both the efficiency and the accuracy of the method in the interpretation of results. The purpose of this research is to use of multivariate techniques based on quantitative procedures to improve the knowledge about the climatic variables of the southeast of Mato Grosso state, which helps to solve problems in the agricultural sector. Also, the grouping analysis classified the micro regions in similar groups. The factorial analysis showed the dimensions of the variation structure of data, enabling the determination of the extent of each variable in each dimension. The smaller regions were defined from interpreting of the interrelationship between the products grown in the region. The correlation canonic analysis was used to describe the association between the number of variables and agricultural productivity. Thus, new procedures were incorporated in multivariate interrelationship of these indicators. Some climatic components, not available in a few micro regions, were estimated through multivariate techniques. Cluster analysis allowed the design of a mosaic of spatial heterogeneity regions. It established different profiles in the composition of groups, joining the more traditional in the culture of a species, or more productive, or those for the development of a particular culture. The factorial analysis established two canonical axes for the interrelationships between cultures. The first factor explaining 42.22% of total variance associated with annual crops (called "annual crops factor "). The second factor explained 16, 11% ("semi perennial crop factor")... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

O presente trabalho pretende traçar o percurso diacrônico da formação e da fixação do cânon da Bíblia Hebraica, dando especial atenção às teorias e hipóteses que, no passado, foram aventadas e, modernamente, rechaçadas e substituídas por outras. A hipótese tradicional acerca da formação do cânon da Bíblia Hebraica de acordo com a qual três estágios diferentes poderiam ser destacados ao longo do processo que culminou na formação da antologia sagrada dos judeus, de forma que cada um deles equivaleria ao momento de canonização de uma das três seções em que se divide a Bíblia Hebraica (Lei, Profetas e Escritos) será apresentada, assim como as críticas modernas que diversos pesquisadores têm dirigido contra ela, propondo novas formas de entendermos a gênese do cânon bíblico. Esta dissertação trata, pois, dos escritos que viriam a compor o corpo canônico de textos que ficaria conhecido, na tradição judaica, como Tanakh ou, na cristã, como Antigo (Primeiro) Testamento. Não faz parte de nosso escopo o estudo de outros cânones sagrados, mesmo aqueles que, de maneira evidente, tenham se originado a partir do cânon judaico. O processo através do qual certos livros, em detrimento de outros, foram incorporados à compilação de escritos sagrados será evidenciado, e a existência de variações entre os cânones de diferentes grupos religiosos não será discutida, embora a sua menção seja necessária. Dado o crescente desenvolvimento dos estudos bíblicos, faz-se necessário que, de maneira semelhante, os estudos de base adolesçam, isto é, que também se desenvolvam os metaestudos da Bíblia, cujo objetivo precípuo não é lê-la ou interpretá-la, mas se debruçar sobre a sua forma final e explicitar os processos e os mecanismos que a fizeram ter a configuração com que chegou a nós. Por fim, as consequências hermenêuticas advindas do fechamento do cânon da Bíblia Hebraica serão apresentadas. / The present work intends to trace the diachronic process of formation and fixation of the Hebrew Bibles canon, giving special attention to the theories e hypotheses that, in the past, have been proposed and, nowadays, denied and replaced by another ones. The traditional hypothesis about the formation of the Hebrew Bibles canon according to which three stages can be highlighted along the process that culminated in the formation of the Jewish sacred anthology, in such a way that each one of these stages would match the respective moment in which one of the three Hebrew Bibles section (Law, Prophets and Writings) was canonized will be presented, as well as the modern critics that several researchers have raised against it, while they propose new ways to understand the biblical canons genesis. This dissertation, therefore, deals with the writings that would be included in the canonical textual corpus, which would afterwards be called Tanakh, in the Jewish tradition, or Old (First) Testament, according to the Christian heritage. It is not the scope of this work to study another sacred canons, even those that clearly originated from the Jewish canon. The process through which certain books, in lieu of other ones, have been incorporated to the compilation of sacred writings will be demonstrated, and the variations among the canons recognized by different religious groups will not be dealt with, although it will be necessary at least to mention it. Given the growing development of the biblical studies, it is imperative, equally, that the underlying studies flourish, this is, that the biblical meta-studies also evolve, whose main goal is not to read the Bible or interpret it, but to analyse its final shape and exhibit the processes and the mechanisms that originated its configuration with which it came to us. Finally, the hermeneutical consequences due to the closing of the biblical canon will be presented.

As septinas compõem o quarto componente do citoesqueleto das células eucarióticas, atrás da actina, miosina e filamentos intermediários. São proteínas filamentosas que se arranjam em forma de fibras e anéis, desempenhando um papel estrutural na célula. Os seres humanos expressam 13 septinas, que são divididas em 4 grupos diferentes de acordo com sua estrutura primária: grupo I (SEPT3, SEPT9, SEPT12); grupo II (SEPT6, SEPT8, SEPT10, SEPT11, SEPT14); grupo III (SEPT1, SEPT2, SEPT4, SEPT5) e grupo IV (SEPT7), sendo que SEPT13 foi caracterizada como um pseudogene de SEPT7. O filamento fisiológico mais bem estudado é composto por SEPT2-SEPT6-SEPT7-SEPT9 (nesta exata sequência), e é usado como a base para a descrição da formação canônica, onde se acredita que septinas do mesmo grupo ocupam o mesmo lugar no filamento. Entretanto, ensaios de duplo-híbrido identificaram muitas interações não canônicas inesperadas entre septinas como SEPT9-SEPT6 e SEPT9-SEPT8, sugerindo estes também possam existir in vivo. Além destes, estudos mostraram a existência de interações entre septinas do grupo I e grupo II, e especialmente no caso SEPT11-SEPT12, a interação deixa de existir ao inserir uma mutação sítio-dirigida na interface G destas proteínas. O presente trabalho investiga a interação entre SEPT3, uma septina do grupo I, com todas aquelas do grupo II. Esta interação foi estudada por análises de coexpressão e copurificação em resina de afinidade ao cobalto, onde apenas a SEPT3 possuía uma extensão de seis histidinas em seu N-terminal. Esta primeira análise mostrou que SEPT3 não foi copurificada com todos os membros do grupo II dando uma clara evidência de variação de afinidade dentro do grupo. Usando esta abordagem, SEPT6, SEPT10 e SEPT14 não mostraram interação com SEPT3, enquanto SEPT8 e SEPT11 copurificaram com SEPT3, mas não em concentrações estequiométricas. Para os complexos SEPT3-SEPT8 e SEPT3-SEPT11, uma segunda etapa de purificação foi realizada por meio de cromatografia de exclusão molecular, onde um pico de grande variância em relação à média indicou um valor de massa molecular entre monômeros e dímeros. Os mesmos, quando avaliados por espalhamento de luz a múltiplos ângulos mostraram variação na massa molecular ao longo do pico de eluição conforme ele era eluído. Tal variação era compatível com a eluição de dímeros no início até monômeros no final. Os estudos da interação entre SEPT3-SEPT8 por ultracentrifugação analítica indicou uma tendência de associação em altas concentrações das proteínas, compatível com a constante de dissociação determinada por termoforese em microescala, na ordem de dezenas de micromolar. Tais resultados levantaram questões acerca da relevância fisiológica destes complexos e reforçam a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado na formação dos complexos não canônicos de septinas para o desenvolvimento celular. / The septins are accepted to be the fourth cytoskeleton component of the eukaryotic cells, after actin, myosin and intermediate filaments. They are filament forming proteins that are organized in fibers and rings, having a structural role in the cell. Humans express 13 septins, which are divided into 4 different groups according to their primary structure: group I (SEPT3, SEPT9, SEPT12); group II (SEPT6, SEPT8, SEPT10, SEPT11, SEPT14); group III (SEPT1, SEPT2, SEPT4, SEPT5) e group IV (SEPT7). SEPT13 was later characterized as a SEPT7 pseudogene. The best characterized filament is built up from SEPT2-SEPT6-SEPT7-SEPT9 (in this exact sequence), and is used as a basis for the description of the so-called canonical arrangement, which accepts that septins from the same group can occupy the same position within the filament. However yeast two-hybrid assays identified several unexpected interactions such as SEPT9-SEPT6 and SEPT9-SEPT8, raising the possibility that these could also exist in vivo. Furthermore, studies have shown the existence of interactions between group I and group II, and especially in the SEPT11-SEPT12, the interaction dissolves when a mutation in the G interface is inserted. The present work investigates the interaction between SEPT3, a group I septin, with all of those from group II. This interaction was studied through co-expression and co-purification methods using metal affinity chromatography, where only the SEPT3 contained the six histidines extention. This initial analysis showed that SEPT3 did not co-purify with all group II members, clearly pointing to variability in the affinity within group. Using this approach SEPT6, SEPT10 e SEPT14 showed no interaction with SEPT3, whilst SEPT8 and SEPT11 co-purified with SEPT3, but not in stoichiometric concentrations. For the SEPT3-SEPT8 and SEPT3-SEPT11 complexes, a second purification stage was performed using size exclusion chromatography, where a broad peak was observed corresponding to a molecular mass value which was intermediate between a dimer and a monomer. The same complexes, when evaluated by multiple angle light scattering revealed a variation in the molecular mass across the peak as it eluted. Such variation was compatible with elution of dimers at the beginning and monomers at the end. Studies for the SEPT3-SEPT8 interaction via analytical ultracentrifugation suggested a trend to associate in high protein concentration, consistent with the dissociation constant found by microscale thermophoresis, which was of the order of ten micromolar. The results raise questions concerning the physiological relevance of these complexes and reinforce the importance of further studies on the non-canonical assembly of septin complexes for cellular development.

Cette thèse porte sur la mise en place d’un ERP (Enterprise Resource planning) dans un groupe de petites filiales à travers une recherche action canonique multi-cycles menée par le chercheur, directeur de projet ERP durant deux ans. Les filiales sont confrontées à de multiples défis : déployer un ERP standard tout en préservant leur flexibilité, concilier les contraintes groupe et contraintes locales, faire avec les moyens du bord vu les ressources limitées. Ce contexte constitue une opportunité pour approfondir la théorie du bricolage, peu mobilisée dans la littérature ERP. Les résultats montrent des processus de bricolage collectif multi-niveaux : intra-filiales, inter-filiales et groupe. Ces processus de bricolage permettent une amélioration continue de l’ERP et son appropriation, et conduisent au final à la conception et l’usage de solutions difficiles à imiter, ce qui génère un avantage compétitif. Ces processus de bricolage collectif supposent des conditions initiales propices, et une évolution d’une symbolique contraignante (ERP standard, best practices) vers une symbolique habilitante. Chemin faisant, le bricolage contribue à développer le réservoir et les capacités créatives, ce qui décuple en retour le potentiel du bricolage, favorisant simultanément les innovations technologiques et managériales. / This PhD thesis focuses on the implementation of an ERP in a group of small subsidiaries through a multi-cycle canonical action research conducted by the researcher, ERP project manager for two years. Subsidiaries face multiple challenges : deploying a standard ERP while preserving their flexibility, reconciling the group constraints and local constraints, making do with means at hand given the limited resources. This context is an opportunity to deepen the theory of bricolage, little mobilized in the ERP literature. The results show multilevel collective bricolage processes: intra-affiliates, inter-affiliates and group. These bricolage processes allow continuous improvement of the ERP and its appropriation, and ultimately lead to the design and use of solutions that are difficult to imitate, which generates a competitive advantage. These collective bricolage processes assume favorable initial conditions and an evolution from a constraining symbolic (standard ERP, best practices) to an enabling symbolic. Along the way, bricolage contributes to developing thecreative reservoir and capacities, which in turn increases the potential of bricolage, while simultaneously promoting technological and managerial innovations.

The study investigated the relationship among three cognitive styles and summarization abilities. Both summarization products and processes were examined. Summarizing products were scored and a canonical correlation analysis was performed to determine their relationship with three cognitive styles. Summarizing processes were examined by videotaping students as they provided think aloud protocols. Their processes were recorded on composing style sheets and analyzed qualitatively. Subjects were sixth-grade students in self-contained classes in a suburban school district. Summarizing products were collected over a two week period in the fall. Summarizing processes were collected over an eight week period in the spring of the same school year. The results of the summarizing products analysis suggest that cognitive styles are related to summarization abilities. Two canonical correlations among the two variable sets were statistically significant at the .05 level of significance (.33 and .29). The results further suggest that students who are field independent, reflective, and flexible in their attentional style may be more adept at organizing their ideas and using written mechanics while summarizing. Students who are impulsive and constricted in attentional style may exhibit strength in expressing their ideas while summarizing. Results of the summarizing processes analysis suggest that students of one cognitive style combination may exhibit different behaviors while summarizing than those of other cognitive style combinations. Students who are field independent, reflective, and flexible in their attentional style seem to display more mature, interactive behaviors while summarizing than their peers of other cognitive style combinations.

A travers cette thèse, on met en relief l'originalité de la notion de personne juridique privée dans l'ordonnancement canonique, en partant du code de 1917 jusqu'au code de 1983. Délimitation qui ne doit rien au hasard, car elle correspond à l'émergence, au développement et à la systématisation de cette notion. Sur la base des prémisses à la fois théologiques, juridiques et historiques, il s'agit pour nous de mieux situer le processus qui a abouti à l'introduction des personnes juridiques privées dans le code de droit canonique de 1983 ; processus dont on s'attache à montrer les points saillants, par l'agencement d'une série d'éléments disparates et hétérogènes en un ensemble plus cohérent. Toute notion juridique n'ayant pas seulement une utilité conceptuelle, mais également pratique, il importe d'en évaluer la portée en vue d'une meilleure efficience de celle-ci ; ce à quoi on s'attelle en nous appuyant sur l'exemple des associations canoniques privées dans le contexte français. Cette optique nous conduit à une confrontation du droit canonique et du droit étatique français en matière associative, non sans procéder parallèlement à une mise au point sur l'application de la législation canonique sur les associations privées dans les diocèses français. De tout ceci découle le fait qu'il est possible de préserver la spécificité canonique à travers certains mécanismes civils, dans les associations civiles qui servent de support juridique aux associations canoniques privées. Et ce en respectant le principe de laïcité. D'où l'esquisse de certaines perspectives liées aux associations privées, quand on les aborde à l'aune d'un droit spécifique dans un contexte tout aussi spécifique que celui de la France. Ainsi, se dégagent les deux pôles essentiels de notre thèse. / This thesis emphasises the originality of the canonical notion of private juridical person drawing on the 1917 and the 1983 Codes of Canon Law. This period was not chosen at random. In fact, it corresponds to the emergence, development and systematisation of the notion of private juridical person. Hence, the objective of this study was firstly to illuminate the process that led to the introduction of private juridical persons in the 1983 Code in the light of its theological, juridical and historical premises, and secondly to illustrate the key aspects of the process by situating a series of disparate and heterogeneous elements within a more coherent framework.In addition to conceptual utility, every juridical notion also has a practical value. It is therefore important to evaluate its significance with a view to promoting greater practical effectiveness. This thesis aims to achieve this by drawing on the example of private canonical associations in the French context. This optic leads us to compare the canon law and French civil law relating to associations, and in parallel with this, to make a study of the application of canonical legislation to private associations in French dioceses. From this, the study concludes that it is possible to preserve canonical specificity within civil associations by means of various civil law mechanisms that serve as a juridical foundation for private canonical associations. It is also possible to achieve this while maintaining respect for the principle of secularism. On the basis of this work, the study sketches out various perspectives for private associations in the light of a specific law in a context as particular as that existing in France. This leads to the emergence of the two major poles of our thesis.

Les rapports entre puissance publique et édifices du culte – et notamment la multiplicité d’usages de ces derniers – se comprennent par l’étude de la réception des normes canoniques relatives aux églises et par la transformation de leur sens en droit séculier.Selon l’enseignement du droit canonique, l’édifice cultuel est un lieu liturgiquement consacré au culte, revêtant dès lors une nature théologico-juridique spécifique.Empruntant au langage du droit romain antique, la doctrine canonique le qualifie de ressacræ.Au XVIe siècle, l’apparition des cultes issus de la réforme protestante etl’interprétation moderne des textes du Corpus iuris civilis conduisent la doctrine séculière etla puissance publique à repenser juridiquement le statut canonique des sanctuaires. D’unlieu sacré, l’édifice religieux devient progressivement à un lieu destiné au culte pour n’êtreplus qu’un édifice juridiquement affecté au culte.Au-delà du simple glissement lexical, on assiste, depuis l’ancien droit jusqu’à laséparation des Églises et de l’État, à un changement d’appréhension juridique de l’édificedu culte. Le lieu de culte confié à la protection de la puissance publique est finalement misà la disposition du culte par celle-ci. / The relations between public power and places of worship – and notably themultiplicity of their using – can be understood by the study of canonical norms reception’sand the transformation of their meaning in secular law.According to the teaching of the canon law, the place of worship is a place liturgicallydedicated to worship, holder of a particular theological and juridical nature. Borrowingfrom the antic roman law language, the canonical doctrine call him res sacræ.In the 16th. century, the apparition of worship issued of the protestant reform and themodern interpretation of texts from the Corpus iuris civilis lead the secular doctrine and thepublic power to rethink legally the canonical status of the sanctuaries. From a sacred place,the place of worship become progressively a place assigned to the worship and finally just abuilding legally affected to the worship.Beyond the simple lexical sliding, we are present, from the french ancient law until theseparation of Churches and State, at a juridical grasp’s change of the place of worship.This place, entrusted to the public power’s care, is at last putted at the worship disposal bypower.