Doctor Educationis / As the world moves into a hyper-connected global society with near universal access to the internet, cybercrime has become a global challenge. The problems embedded in the issue of cybercrime are at least twofold. Firstly, the proliferation of cybercrime globally, and more specifically in South Africa, is outstripping the pace at which governments and lawmakers are able to respond efficiently. Secondly, where governments do manage to respond, there is a temptation to do so on the basis of a superficial understanding of the essence of cybercrime. There are many debates about the novelty of cybercrime in which participants have described it as “old wine in new skin”. This study takes the position that cybercrime is neither completely novel nor is it merely a virtual manifestation of the ordinary terrestrial crimes. The premise of this research is that cybercrime is an interesting and unique form of criminality that manifests itself in a number of challenging ways. These manifestations need to be considered independently and comprehensively if effective countermeasures are to be devised. This is not to say that every single offence has to be considered critically. That would be impracticable. It would suffice that certain types of cybercrimes be classified differently from other types, so as not to paint all with the same brush.

Syftet med studien var att få ökad förståelse och kunskap om smugglingsbrottsligheten i Sverige. Vi studerade likheter och skillnader gällande nivå och utveckling av anmälda smugglingsbrott samt varor som smugglades i Stockholms kommun, Göteborgs kommun och Malmö kommun mellan år 2016-2023. Vi studerade även myndighetsdokument för att förstå vilka faktorer som enligt dem inverkade på smugglingsbrottsligheten i Sverige. Studien kombinerade beskrivande statistik över anmälda brott med en tematisk innehållsanalys av myndighetsdokument. Att dra tydliga slutsatser angående anmälda smugglingsbrott var komplext då smuggling är ett brott där anmälningar påverkades av myndigheternas satsningar. Trots detta fann vi likheter och skillnader mellan kommunerna där narkotika och en hög nivå av anmälda brott i Malmö var de mest dominerande dragen. Vår tolkning av de svenska myndigheternas dokument var att de ansåg att kontroller och geografisk plats hade en central betydelse för smugglingsbrottsligheten. / The purpose of the study was to gain increased understanding and knowledge of smuggling crimes in Sweden. We examined the similarities and differences in the level and development of reported smuggling crimes, as well as the types of goods smuggled, in the municipalities of Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö between 2016 and 2023. We also analyzed government documents to understand which factors, according to them, influenced smuggling crime in Sweden. The study combined descriptive statistics on reported crimes with a thematic content analysis of government documents. Drawing clear conclusions regarding reported smuggling crimes was complex, as smuggling is a crime where reports are influenced by government efforts. Despite this, we found similarities and differences between the municipalities, with drugs and a high level of reported crimes in Malmö being the most dominant features. Our interpretation of the Swedish government documents was that they considered controls and geographical location to be of central importance for smuggling crime.