Many countries are dependent upon capital flows for their balance of payments accounts. Sources of expenditures include foreign direct investment (FDI), portfolio investment (PI) and remittances. While the determinants of FDI and PI have been extensively analyzed, the analyses of remittance flows from host to home countries are largely lacking and wide-ranging. Factors predominantly not considered are domestic institutions which support or encourage international remittance exchange. Nations routinely desire to control international immigration and capital movement. Consequently they adopt domestic policies which create and enforce institutions that manage both capital and labor mobility across borders. Additionally, researchers commonly neglect to consider the impact of both the supply and demand factors simultaneously, or in other words, the domestic condition (home and host) which both push and pull migrants to migrate and remit. Further, given the non-dyadic nature of the data, there arises a need to "regionalize" the data. To test the effects of variations in immigration institutional attributes, I employ a pooled data set of approximately 104 nations from 1990 to 2004. Controlling for existing explanations and regional influences, I find that domestic institutions have a significant impact on the ability of an individual to migrate to a host country and to eventually remit back to their country of origin.

Retirement homes provide a versatile facilities and services to their clients not only to secure the basic needs of seniors but also to offer an opportunity to satisfy their secondary needs for instance by participating on social events. Such involvement of seniors is beneficial for themselves and also for the whole society too. Theoretical part of my dissertation is focused on definition of the term participation, afterwards this term is put in relation to lives of seniors and their functioning in retirement homes. Next it also deals with recognizing the level of participation in an institution and what factors affect this level. Attention is directed on clients themselves during this process, how do they perceive participation, what barriers they see and on the other hand what opportunities motivate them to participate in social events. The main part of my work is dedicated to empirical research in the organization "Domov pro seniory Slunečnice" (Retirement Home Sunflower) where above mentioned topics are analy zed.