Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine Johannesburg, 2017 / Background: Infections post cardiac surgery can have potentially devastating consequences. Adequate antimicrobial prophylaxis is therefore crucial to limit the occurrence of such complications. Cefazolin is a commonly prescribed prophylactic agent for major cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The effects of CPB on the pharmacokinetic profile of cefazolin are largely unknown. To date there is no published work determining the optimal bolus dosing of cefazolin required to achieve acceptable concentrations intra-operatively during and post CPB. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the total serum cefazolin levels during elective valve replacement surgery on CPB at CMJAH. Method: A prospective, contextual, descriptive design was used in this study. Cefazolin plasma concentrations were analysed at specific pre-determined time intervals in adults patients scheduled for elective valve replacement surgery. Convenience sampling was used. Results: Sixteen patients were enrolled in the study with equal number of males and females, ranging from 18 years to 59 years of age and with a mean BMI of 28.2 kg/m² (range of 18.1 to 40.2 kg/m²). The mean trough for the unbound concentration of cefazolin was 5.02 μg/ml (range of 2.79 to 10.35 μg/ml). For 5 out of the 16 patients (31.25%) the targeted therapeutic goal of time above MIC (4 μg/ml) of 100% (T > MIC 100%) was not achieved. Seven corresponding pre and post CPB serum samples (A1-A7) were statistically analysed using the paired t-test. The results indicated no statistically significant differences between samples A1-A5 (p = 0.11, 0.34, 0.46, 0.32 and 0.98 respectively). There was a statistically significant difference between the samples A6 and A7 (p = 0.024 and 0.025), however, the clinical significance of these small differences is questionable. Conclusion: Surgical site infections not only result in significant morbidity and mortality but also lead to an increased financial burden to the country’s economy. This study has shown that potentially 31.25% of the patients undergoing cardiac surgery may have an increased risk of acquiring infections due to sub-optimal levels of prophylactic antibiotic during the surgery. In addition, the findings point towards no sequestration of cefazolin in the CPB circuits. / MT2017

Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-105). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

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Thesis (D.PT.)--Sage Colleges, 2009. / "May 2009." "A Capstone project for PTY 768 presented to the Faculty of the Department of Physical Therapy Sage Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Physical Therapy." Includes bibliographical references.

Diss. Univ. Zürich, 2009. / Sonderdruck aus: Schweizer Monatsschrift für Zahnmedizin. Bd. 117, Nr. 8, 2007.

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Background: During the last 20 years there have been different approaches to teaching nurse students cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Receiving CPR with compressions of adequate depth and frequency, and ventilations of adequate volume improves the chance of survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of different types of feedback on CPR skills among nursing students. Methods: A pilot study with an explorative approach including 30 nurse students. Students was randomized in three groups; 1) instructor-led training followed by self-training without feedback, 2) self-training with visual graphic feedback, and 3) self-training with voice advisory manikin (VAM). Outcomes were correct compression deep, frequency, hand position and release, and correct ventilation volume and flow. If performance was correct to 70%, students were considered to have reached approved level. The students also answered questions about theoretical knowledge about CPR. Results: In technical skills, group 2 had significant higher level of correct ventilation volume compared with the other group. Both group 1 and 3 did not reach the level of 70% correct performance. Group 1 and 2 had significant higher level of correct deep of compressions compared with group 3 which did not reach the 70% level. There was no difference in performance between groups in other parameters. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that visual graphic feedback is promising and seemed to be more effective than self-training with voice advisory manikin and instructor-led training with followed self-training without feedback.