Submitted by PPG Pediatria e Sa?de da Crian?a (pediatria-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-16T19:15:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final 2018 - artigo publicado.pdf: 1647298 bytes, checksum: 03a39af4be2d469330c9618fb70f9cdd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-23T16:28:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final 2018 - artigo publicado.pdf: 1647298 bytes, checksum: 03a39af4be2d469330c9618fb70f9cdd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-23T16:35:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final 2018 - artigo publicado.pdf: 1647298 bytes, checksum: 03a39af4be2d469330c9618fb70f9cdd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Background: Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways, characterized by bronchial inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, which affects approximately 300 million people around the world. The increase in the prevalence of asthma in recent years has been associated with an increase in vitamin D deficiency. About 1 billion people in the world have insufficient levels of vitamin D due to many factors such as reduced outdoor activities, sunscreens use and a diet low in vitamin D. In addition, many studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency has a direct effect on lung function, leading to changes in the structure of the airways and in the inflammatory process. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of vitamin D deficiency at different life stages in a murine model of allergic airways disease house dust mite (HDM) induced on inflammation and lung function. Methods: Female BALB / c mice were placed in a diet replete or deficient in vitamin D at three-week old. At 8 weeks, females were mated with males on a diet replete in vitamin D. At birth, pups were cross-fostered to assess the effects of vitamin D deficiency at different stages of life, in utero (Vit D -/+), postnatal (Vit D +/-) and whole-life (Vit D - / -) compared to the control group whole-life vitamin D replete (Vit D + / +). At 8 weeks of age, mice of both sexes were challenged for 10 consecutive days intranasally with either HDM extract or saline solution after mild anesthesia. The animals were anesthetized for lung function test and then submitted to euthanasia for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung tissue removal 24 hours after the last intranasal challenge. The total BAL cell count and collagen quantification of lung tissue homogenized were evaluated. Results: Vitamin D deficiency did not affect HDM-induced inflammation, which was characterized by BAL eosinophilia. Vitamin D deficiency at any life stage (in utero, postnatal and all life) caused impairment of lung function, increased tissue damping and tissue elastance, being particularly observed in females. On the other hand, the asthma HDM-induced decreased airway distensibility, but only in females and vitamin D do not altered this response. Conclusion: Our results suggest that vitamin D and HDM have different mechanisms that influence in the development of allergic lung disease and furthermore the effects appear to be sex-specific. / Introdu??o: A asma ? uma doen?a cr?nica das vias a?reas, caracterizada por inflama??o e hiperresponsividade br?nquica, que atinge aproximadamente 300 milh?es de pessoas ao redor do mundo. O aumento da preval?ncia da asma nos ?ltimos anos tem sido associado ao aumento da defici?ncia de vitamina D. Cerca de 1 bilh?o de pessoas no mundo apresenta n?veis insuficientes de vitamina D em fun??o de diversos fatores, tais como a redu??o de atividades ao ar livre, uso de protetor solar e dieta pobre em vitamina D. Al?m disso, estudos sugerem que a defici?ncia de vitamina D possui um efeito direto na fun??o pulmonar, causando altera??es na estrutura das vias a?reas e no processo inflamat?rio. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da defici?ncia de vitamina D em diferentes est?gios da vida de camundongos com asma induzida por ?caro domiciliar (house dust mite; HDM) sobre a inflama??o e fun??o pulmonar. M?todos: Camundongos BALB/c f?meas receberam dieta rica ou deficiente em vitamina D a partir da terceira semana de vida. Com 8 semanas de vida, as f?meas foram acasaladas com machos em dieta rica em vitamina D. Ao nascimento foi realizado o cross-fostering (ado??o cruzada) com a prole para que fosse poss?vel avaliar o efeito da defici?ncia de vitamina D em diferentes est?gios da vida, in utero (Vit D -/+), p?s-natal (Vit D +/-) e durante toda a vida (Vit D -/-), em compara??o ao grupo controle, que recebeu dieta rica em vitamina D durante toda a vida (Vit D +/+). Com 8 semanas de vida, camundongos de ambos os sexos foram desafiados por 10 dias consecutivos por via intranasal, com extrato de HDM ou apenas solu??o salina. Os animais foram anestesiados para a realiza??o do teste de fun??o pulmonar e ent?o submetidos a eutan?sia para a realiza??o do lavado broncoalveolar (LBA) e retirada do tecido pulmonar, 24 horas ap?s o ?ltimo desafio intranasal. Foi avaliada a contagem total de c?lulas do LBA e quantifica??o de col?geno no homogeneizado de tecido pulmonar. Resultados: A defici?ncia de vitamina D n?o afetou a inflama??o induzida por HDM, que foi caracterizada por eosinofilia no LBA. A defici?ncia de vitamina D em qualquer fase da vida dos camundongos (in utero, p?s-natal e durante toda a vida) causou uma piora na fun??o pulmonar, aumentando o tissue damping e tissue elastance, sendo observado particularmente em f?meas. Por outro lado, a asma induzida por HDM diminuiu a distensibilidade das vias a?reas apenas em f?meas e a vitamina D n?o alterou essa resposta. Conclus?o: Nossos resultados sugerem que a vitamina D e HDM possuem diferentes mecanismos que influenciam no desenvolvimento da doen?a pulmonar al?rgica e, al?m disso, os efeitos parecem ser dependentes do sexo.

This thesis will examine the conceptual strategies articulated by a corpus of six works created within the first seven years of Colombian conceptual artist Antonio Caro’s career (1970-1976.) The works—Cabeza de Lleras (1970) [Head of Lleras], Aqui no cabe el arte (1972) [Art Does Not Fit Here], Manuel Quintín Lame información y variación visual (1972) [Manuel Quintín Lame, Information and Visual Variation], El imperialismo es un tigre de papel (1973) [Imperialism is a Paper Tiger], Colombia—Marlboro (1973-1975), and Colombia—Coca-Cola (1976)—despite stressing dematerialization, displaying simple designs, and communicating concise messages addressing political and cultural issues that are tied to a historical and geographic specificity, have been repeated until acquiring an iconic status. As a crucial tactic that is central to Caro’s work, this thesis will analyze both the advantages and disadvantages inherent in the strategy of repetition and how these have altered or enhanced the meaning of the works through time. Furthermore, five out of the six works in question employ text in a very particular way that results from Caro’s keen awareness of the visual potential of words. Likewise, they display anti-conventionalisms particularly with regards to the implementation of informal procedures (i.e. photocopying, posters, art actions, etc…) and the utilization of precarious materials (i.e. salt) that are often charged with historical meanings; the inherent short-lived nature of the materials used by Caro also points to the ephemeral quality of his production and to the rejection of the notion of art as a commodity. Finally, the works enact institutional critique on two fronts: they criticize the art institution from within, while simultaneously denouncing the politics of the state apparatus and the hegemonic values imposed by the dominant sectors of society. All in all, the salient features present in these six works point to Caro’s commitment to his environment while also contributing to the development of contemporary Colombian art. / text

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:07:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EdnaMSC_DISSERT.pdf: 4754889 bytes, checksum: 7ba8ec4a5f3d11921ca74b85b2fe0b3b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This employment has the function the utilization of mango seeds Tommy Atkins, like starch source to obtain biopolymers and fibers source and nanowhiskers cellulose also, that will be use like reinforcing fillers in micro and nanobiocomposites polymeric. The fibers in natura removed from tegument mango seed were characterized, as weel as the treated fibers and nanowhiskers of cellulose extracted from them. The starch extracted from seed s almond showed a good performance (32%) and a high purity. The chemicals analyzes, of crystallinity and morphological of the fibers in natura, treated fibers and nanowhiskers of cellulose confirmed the efficacy of the chemical treatement performed to remove amorphous constituents (hemicellulose and lignina). The thermoplastic starch (TPS) obtained from two sources, corn starch and starchy material mango, was produced in a twin screw extruder with compositon mass of 62,5% of starch, 9,4% of water and 28,1% of glycerol. The starch material mango was the main objective of this work for the production of biodegradable materials, and the starch corn was utilized during the production stage to evaluate the processability of the starch and use as parameter for comparison, according of being a conventional source for obtaining conventional comercial starch. The incorporation of fibers (6% in mass) and nanowhiskers cellulose (1% in mass) in matrix of TPS to obtain composite and nanocomposite, respectively, it was performed in single screw extruder. The biocomposites and bionanocomposites polymeric were obtained and the TPS from starchy material mango presented better results of thermal and mechanicals properties when compared to TPS corn starch. Concludes that the sediment generated of the agroindustrial processing mango used presents potencial to producing of biodegradables materials / Este trabalho apresenta como objetivo a utiliza??o de caro?os da manga Tommy Atkins, como fonte de amido para obten??o de biopol?meros e, tamb?m, como fonte de fibras e nanowhiskers de celulose, que foram utilizadas como cargas refor?antes em micro e nanobiocomp?sitos polim?ricos. As fibras in natura removidas do tegumento do caro?o de manga foram caracterizadas, bem como as fibras tratadas e nanowhiskers de celulose extra?dos a partir delas. O amido extra?do das am?ndoas do caro?o apresentou um bom rendimento (32%) e elevado grau de pureza. As an?lises qu?micas, de cristalinidade e morfol?gicas das fibras in natura, fibras tratadas e nanowhiskers de celulose confirmaram a efic?cia do tratamento qu?mico realizado em remover os constituintes amorfos (hemicelulose e lignina). O amido termopl?stico (TPS) obtido de duas fontes, amido de milho e material amil?ceo de manga, foi produzido em extrusora rosca dupla com a composi??o em massa de 62,5% de amido, 9,4% de ?gua e 28,1% de glicerol. O material amil?ceo de manga foi o objetivo principal deste trabalho para produ??o de materiais biodegrad?veis, e o amido de milho foi utilizado durante a etapa de produ??o para avaliar a processabilidade do amido e utilizar como par?metro de compara??o, em fun??o de ser uma fonte convencional de obten??o de amido comercial. A incorpora??o das fibras (6% em massa) e nanowhiskers de celulose (1% em massa) em matriz de TPS para obter comp?sitos e nanocomp?sitos, respectivamente, foi realizada em extrusora monorosca. Os biocomp?sitos e bionanocomp?sitos polim?ricos foram obtidos e os TPS do material amil?ceo de manga apresentaram melhores resultados de propriedades t?rmicas e mec?nicas quando comparados aos TPS de amido de milho. Concluiu-se que os res?duos gerados do processamento agroindustrial da manga utilizados apresentaram potencial para a produ??o de materiais biodegrad?veis

[EN] This master thesis is a study about the urban evolution in the perimeter of the San Esteban church between the conquest of Valencia in 1238 by King Jaime I and the accession of the artisan guilds (Germanías) in 1519. It stress the image and urbanism of the Islamic city, the urban development within the perimeter of the parish with special emphasis on the Islamic wall of both taifa and almohade and the landmarks used to limit the district, is also part ot this study. Several of the phases of urbanization are being analyzed: The first donations gained in El Llibre del Repartiment, that are shown and identified, the private urban development through Las Poblas, the construction of the new Christian Wall and the name-giving of streets in the 15th and early 16th century. The constructive evolution of the Palacio del Marqués de Caro is analyzed simultaneously showing the historic background, the image in the moment of the conquest and different phases and models using the Islamic tower as a starting point and continuing with the first Christian construction in the 13th century, modifications in the 14th century and a restructuration at the end of the 15th and the beginning of the 16th century. Moreover, from this work we derive the hypothetic location of the Islamic gate Bab-Al-Carrac, En Esplugues gate, the dimensions of the second and third Jewish quarter, the Pobla of Jaume Marc and the Almoyna in La Xerea. / [ES] La presente tesis estudia la evolución urbanística del ámbito de la Parroquia de San Esteban desde la conquista de la Valencia por Jaime I en 1238, hasta el advenimiento de las Germanías en 1519. Se incide en la imagen de la ciudad islámica, estudiando su urbanismo y la influencia posterior dentro de la circunscripción de la Parroquia, haciendo especial hincapié en la muralla islámica, tanto taifa cómo almohade, así como los hitos que sirvieron para la definición del distrito parroquial. Se analizan las fases de urbanización del sector:las primeras donaciones recogidas en el Llibre del Repartiment que se identifican y grafían, los procesos de urbanización privada a través de las Poblas, el levantamiento de la nueva muralla cristiana y la fijación de los nombres de las calles en el siglo XV y los albores del XVI. De forma paralela se estudia la evolución constructiva del Palacio del Marqués de Caro, sus antecedentes, su imagen al momento de la conquista, y las diferentes fases y modelos por los que atravesó desde la torre islámica que le sirvió de base, pasando por la primera construcción cristiana en el siglo XIII y las intervenciones del siglo XIV, hasta la gran transformación del edificio a finales del siglo XV y principios del XVI. Derivado de este trabajo se proponen además hipótesis sobre la ubicación de la puerta islámica de Bab al-Carrac, del portal d'EnEsplugues, de la dimensión de la segunda y tercera judería, y de la pobla de Jaume Marc y de la Almoyna en la Xerea. / [CAT] La present tesi estudia l'evolució urbanística de l'àmbit de la Parròquia de ''San Esteban'' des de la conquesta de la València per Jaume I en 1238, fins a l'adveniment de les Germanies a 1519. S'incideix en la imatge de la ciutat islàmica, estudiant el seu urbanisme i la influència posterior dins de la circumscripció de la Parròquia, fent especial èmfasi en la muralla islàmica, tant taifa com almohade, així com les fites que van servir per a la definició del districte parroquial . S'analitzen les fases d'urbanització del sector: les primeres donacions recollides en el Llibre del Repartiment que s'identifiquen i grafien, els processos d'urbanització privada a través de ''les Pobles'', l'aixecament de la nova muralla cristiana i la fixació dels noms dels carrers en el segle XV i els albors del XVI. De forma paral·lela s'estudia l'evolució constructiva del Palau del Marqués de Caro, els seus antecedents, la seua imatge al moment de la conquesta, i les diferents fases i models pels quals va travessar des de la torre islàmica que li va servir de base, passant per la primera construcció cristiana al segle XIII i les intervencions del segle XIV, fins la gran transformació de l'edifici a la fi del segle XV i principis del XVI. Derivat d'aquest treball es proposen a més hipòtesis sobre la ubicació de la porta islàmica de Beb al-Carrac, del portal d'en Esplugues, de la dimensió de la segona i tercera jueria, i de la pobla de Jaume Marc i de la Almoyna a la Xerea / Máñez Testor, S. (2016). LA PARROQUIA DE SAN ESTEBAN DE VALENCIA Y EL PALACIO DEL MARQUES DE CARO: UNA HISTORIA PARALELA_ PROPUESTAS E HIPÓTESIS PARA UNA RECONSTRUCCION URBANÍSTICA Y ARQUITECTÓNICA 1238 _ 1519 [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/62684 / TESIS