This thesis reports on the findings of a three year study on the economIc aspects of the woodcarving industry in Kenya. Woodcarving provides one of the most important uses of wood in Kenya both in terms of economic returns (export value estimated at US$ 20 million annually) and generation of self-employment opportunities (60,000 carvers and estimated 350,000 dependants). The industry is facing an imminent collapse owing to the depletion of prime carving tree species which has supported it since 1919. The key objectives of the study were; (a) To quantify the diversity of species in trade (volumes) and their pricing trends both for the raw materials and products (carvings); (b) determination of profit margins that accrue from carving activities and prices of these species for alternative uses; (c) to look into the possibility of onfarm production of fast growing species (Azadirachta indica) for carving, as well as Brachylaena huillensis . Each of these was pursued mainly through field surveys at seven main areas where carving is carried out in Kenya. The annual carving volume consumed in Kenya is in excess of 15,000 cubic metres concentrated on about ten tree species. However about 57% of this volume is contributed by Brachylaena huillensis. Diameter profiles of logs of the carving wood is dominated by 10-16 cm diameter timber which is an indication of resource scarcity where juvenile trees are increasingly being targeted. The prices of carving wood are distorted and are far helow the market prices largely due to the prevalence of illegal sourcing from state forests. The study has estimated that the stumpage level for Brachylaena huillensis should be raised from Ksh 4 053 to Ksh 12 000 per m3 if control on the current level of depletion is to be ensured. For the other species, the current stumpage levels need to be raised three fold. The weaknesses of the existing policies and legislation governing the access to carving wood have been examined and appropriate recommendations have been given. However, as a long term measure to benefit the carvers and conservation of the last remaining East African forests, changing buyer and carving wood sourcing behaviour from unsustainable felling of slow growing hardwoods to sustainable on-farm production is discussed. The study demonstrates that Azadirachta indica can attain a carvable size with a dbh of 16 cm in 17 years. The study has also established that potential profits (revenue) which can accrue from carvings made per unit wood volume (one cubic metre of wood or equivalent to about 20 logs of I.Sm long, 20cm diameter) can be as high as Ksh 270,000 within a period of four months. This is about four times the unit value of sawn timber of some of the finest hardwoods in the Kenyan market. The study therefore calls for restrictions on the utilization of these prime carving species on uses other than carving. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2001.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Canterbury, 2007. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 268-284). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (MPhil) -- AUT University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references. Also held in print ( leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.) in the Archive at the City Campus (T 704.0399442 THY)

Thesis (M.A.)--Zhongguo wen hua xue yuan. / Reproduced from typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-167).

Thesis (M.A.)--Zhongguo wen hua xue yuan. / Reproduced from typescript. Bibliography: p. 165-167.

Akademisk avhandling-Lund. / Extra t. p. with thesis note inserted. Includes bibliographical references and index.

Diss.--Hamburg. / Bibliography: p. 195-201.

Diss.--Hamburg. / Bibliography: p. 195-201. Also issued online.

Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / Disc carving is an essential element of computer forensic analysis. However the high cost of commercial solutions coupled with the lack of availability of open source tools to perform disc analysis has become a hindrance to those performing analysis on UNIX computers. In addition even expensive commercial products offer only a fairly limited ability to "carve" for various files. In this thesis, an open source tool known as Foremost is modified in such a way as to address the need for such a carving tool in a UNIX environment. An implementation of various heuristics for recognizing file formats will be demonstrated as well as the ability to provide some file system specific support. As a result of these implementations a revision of Foremost will be provided that will be made available as an open source tool to aid analysts in their forensic investigations. / Civilian, Federal Cyber Corps

Lo Ka Yu. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 334-341). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Lo Ka Yu. / 論文擇要 --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii / Acknowledgments --- p.iii / Table of Content --- p.iv / List of Figures --- p.vi / List of Tables --- p.xv / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Questions raised --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Literature in Chinese wood carving and symbolic language --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3 --- Methodology and field work --- p.26 / Chapter 1.4 --- Content of the thesis --- p.29 / Jixiang 吉祥 carvings --- p.30 / Chapter 2.1 --- An exhibition of wishes --- p.30 / Chapter 2.2 --- Chinese: People of symbols --- p.32 / Chapter 2.3 --- Chinese Sense of Auspiciousness --- p.37 / Chapter 2.4 --- Chinese House: symbols and jixiang 吉祥 --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5 --- Jixiang 吉祥 motifs in wood carvings --- p.44 / Chapter 2.6 --- "Motifs, symbols and symbolic language" --- p.47 / Domestic Decorations --- p.55 / Chapter 3.1 --- Tai Fu Tai 大夫第，San Tin 新田 --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2 --- "No. 123 village house, San Tin 新田" --- p.104 / Chapter 3.3 --- Ching Shu Hin 清暑軒，Ping Shan 屏山 --- p.107 / Chapter 3.4 --- "No. 93 village house, Shui Tsan Tin Tsuen 水盞田村" --- p.141 / Chapter 3.5 --- "No. 32&33 village houses, Ha Tin Liu Ha 下田寮下" --- p.143 / Ceremonial Buildings --- p.147 / Chapter 4.1 --- Man Ancestral Hall 文氏宗祠，San Tin 新田 --- p.149 / Chapter 4.2 --- Man Lun Fung ancestral hall 麟峰文公祠，San Tin 新田 --- p.155 / Chapter 4.3 --- Kun Ting Study Hall 覲廷書室，Ping Shan 屏山 --- p.171 / Chapter 4.4 --- Wai Hing Study Hall 渭卿書室，Ping Shan 屏山 --- p.198 / Chapter 4.5 --- Yan Dun Kong Study Hall 仁敦岡書室，Ping Shan 屏山 --- p.201 / Chapter 4.6 --- Sin Sui Study Hall 善述書室，Lung Yeuk Tau 龍躍頭 --- p.217 / Religious Buildings --- p.246 / Chapter 5.1 --- Tung Shan Temple 東山古廟，San Tin 新田 --- p.248 / Chapter 5.2 --- Kwan Tai Temple 關帝古廟，Tai O 大澳 --- p.251 / Chapter 5.3 --- "Yeung Hau Temple 楊侯古廟, Tai O 大澳" --- p.262 / Symbolic Language of Wood Carvings --- p.277 / Chapter 6.1 --- Symbols - pictorial vocabularies --- p.277 / Chapter 6.2 --- Symbolic meanings --- p.284 / Chapter 6.3 --- Reading the Symbolic language --- p.287 / Chapter 6.4 --- Dynamics of Symbolic Language --- p.312 / Conclusion --- p.316 / Appendix I --- p.319 / Appendix II --- p.320 / Appendix III --- p.321 / Appendix IV --- p.323 / Appendix V --- p.326 / Appendix VI --- p.327 / Bibliography --- p.334 / Manuscripts before 1911 --- p.334 / Works after 1911 --- p.336 / Other References --- p.341