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Danwei based community services: a case studyof Tsinghua UniversityXiao, Lina., 肖莉娜. January 2005 (has links)
published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Social Work and Social Administration / Master / Master of Philosophy
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Monetary and exchange rate policies in a small open economy: a case study of Singapore趙換兒, Chiu, Wun-yi, Natalie. January 1993 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Economics and Finance / Master / Master of Philosophy
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Adult offspring of alcoholic parents: development and investigation of the psychometric properties of the behavior role scaleSchneider, John Donald 11 1900 (has links)
The primary objective of this study was the development and investigation of the
psychometric properties of a measurement instrument based on the integrated model of
behavior roles of offspring of alcoholic parents (Schneider, 1989,1995). The Behavior
Role Scale was developed utilizing Crocker and Algina's (1986) 10 step instrument
development process and deals directly with the concepts of the original models of
behavior roles of offspring of alcoholic parents (Black, 1981; Booz-Allen & Hamilton,
1974; Deutsch, 1983; Kritzberg, 1985; Wegscheider, 1981). The first three steps of the
instrument development were completed in an earlier investigation (Schneider, 1989). In
this investigation, steps 4 - 8 were completed.
The following activities were undertaken: step 4, the construction of an initial
pool of items; step 5, the review and revision of the items with the assistance of a panel
of experts; step 6, a preliminary tryout of the items in a pilot test; step 7, a field test of
the instrument with a nonclinical sample of offspring of alcoholic parents and offspring
of nonalcoholic parents; and, step 8, initial investigation of the psychometric properties
of the behavior role scale.
This investigation contributed the following findings. The field test yielded
reliability estimates of .72 for the Caretaker, .67 for the Super Achiever, .86 for the
Invisible One, .89 for the Jester, .78 for the Rebel, and an overall alpha of .88. Initial
validity was indicated by the emergence of a five factor model as the most interpretable
factor analysis solution. The performance of the Behavior Role Scale was also
investigated using six validity issues identified in the literature. Offspring of alcoholic
parents, offspring of nonalcoholic parents who had experienced a significant family
disruption, and offspring of nonalcoholic parents who had not experienced a significant
family disruption had significantly different scores with the Super Achiever, Invisible
One, and Rebel roles. The three groups did not demonstrate significant differences with the Caretaker or Jester roles. Additional significant differences were discovered with the
Jester and Rebel roles among offspring of alcoholic fathers when they were compared
according to their fathers' pattern of drinking.
The findings of this investigation add to the research evidence which suggests that
refinements need to be made to improve the clinical and psycho-educational uses of the
behavior roles of offspring of alcoholic parents. Recommendations for future research
include submitting the Behavior Role Scale to construct validation studies in order to
further refine its ability to measure behavior roles and to be of assistance to researchers
seeking to unravel the complexities of life for more than 28 million offspring of alcoholic
parents.
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The manifestations of perfectionistic self-presentation in a clinical sampleHabke, Amy Marie 11 1900 (has links)
Perfectionism has long been recognized as an important personality trait that has a significant
impact on emotional and social well-being. More recently, it has been recognized that there is a
stylistic aspect to perfectionism that focuses on a desire to appear perfect. This perfectionistic
self-presentation, and in particular, the desire for concealment of imperfections, has been related
to psychopathology in past research. However, it is proposed that perfectionistic self-presentation
presents a particular concern from a clinical perspective because of it's indirect
effects on pathology; a desire to conceal imperfections is especially problematic to the extent that
it impacts the experience of therapy and the therapy relationship. The current study examined the
cognitive, affective/physiological, and behavioral manifestations of perfectionistic self-presentation
in a clinical sample. Ninety clinical subjects completed self-report measures of
perfectionistic self-presentation, trait perfectionism, impression management, mood, appraisals,
and self-handicapping. A brief structured assessment interview that included a discussion of past
mistakes, was conducted by trained clinical interviewers. Physiological monitors recorded heart
rate and skin conductance level throughout the interview, and the interview was videotaped.
Post-interview measures of mood, appraisals, and self-handicapping, were also completed.
Results at the bivariate level showed that the self-protective dimensions of perfectionistic self-presentation
were associated with more distress both prior to and following the interview, higher
heart rate and greater change in heart rate when discussing mistakes (and greater skin
conductance for men), greater claims of disability from self-handicaps, and appraisals of the
interviewer as both threatening (wanting more than the participant could provide) and
disappointed following the interview. Regression analyses showed that the desire to avoid
disclosing imperfections was a unique predictor of appraisals of threat over and above
demographics, trait perfectionism, and other measures of distress (interaction anxiety and
depression) and impression management, and of appraisals of the interviewer as disappointed
following the interview, over and above demographics and trait perfectionism. The block change
score for perfectionistic self-presentation predicting interviewer satisfaction was marginally
significant over and above emotional distress and impression managment. The desire to avoid
displaying imperfections was a unique predictor of lower threat appraisals. Perfectionistic self-presentation
also predicted higher heart rate when discussing errors, over and above
demographics and other measures of distress and impression management, and greater change in
heart rate from relaxation; this relation held when controlling for demographics, trait
perfectionism, and emotional distress and impression management. Perfectionistic self-presentation
did not predict defensive behaviors and was not a unique predictor of self-reported
negative affect. The results are discussed in terms of the implications for therapy and the
therapeutic alliance.
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Expatriates in Papua New Guinea: constructions of expatriates in Canadian oral narrativesUpton, Sian Reiko 11 1900 (has links)
Despite social scientists' interest in globalization, mobility, the effects of colonialism, and the intercultural
situations that result, little attention has been devoted to expatriates as a contemporary transnational group.
This thesis is an enquiry into the ways eight individuals define themselves as expatriates, through their oral
narratives of life in Papua New Guinea. The paper focuses on expatriates' characterizations of themselves
in terms of: their communities; their relationships with locals; their status as foreigners in post-colonial
Papua New Guinea; arid their experiences of mobility. Set against social scientific notions of expatriates
and contemporary ideas of mobility and its relation to identity, expatriates' personal narratives indicate that
scholarly depictions are too simplistic to access contemporary expatriates or the complex situations in
which they live.
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The role of oral language in the practicum classroomDerksen, Harold Kenneth 05 1900 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the praxis (theory and practice) of
oral language by student teachers during their practicum. Specifically, this study
identified and described the factors which 13 British Columbia student teachers
perceived of as affecting the establishment of an orally interactive environment
within their practicum classroom. Through the analysis of dialogue journals,
interviews, and questionnaires, 24 factors in 5 categories were identified and
described that affect the development of orally interactive teaching. The factors
were grouped into categories of knowledge, position, expectations, structures, and
assumptions. This study concludes that the identification of factors affecting orality
in the practicum can assist teacher education programs and teachers to more
effectively address the potential of orality as a medium for negotiation and
meaning making in the classroom.
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Charting the territory of cross-gender friendship : conceptions of friendship and the selection of friendsMcDougall, Patricia Anne 05 1900 (has links)
To date, cross-gender friendships in childhood and adolescence have been virtually
ignored in the peer relationships literature. The purpose of the present investigation
was to chart the territory of cross-gender friendship by examining the domains of
friendship conceptions and the selection of friends. Accordingly, 176 students (91 girls,
85 boys) in grades 3, 6, 9, and 12 participated in individual sessions and were asked to
describe their beliefs about, and expectations for, both same- and cross-gender
friendship. In addition, students participated in a hypothetical decision-making task
using a series of information boards on which they were asked to search for, and
select, a same- and cross-gender friend. Findings revealed that beliefs and
expectations for both same- and cross-gender friendships were observed to follow a
common developmental sequence with little evidence that cross-gender friendships lag
behind. Although the pattern of gender differences in conceptions of cross-gender
friendship was consistent with previous research, the results of this study suggest that
for several features of friendship, participants made distinctions on the basis of what is
expected in friendships involving girls versus boys. The differential emphasis placed
on various expectations in friendship provides support for the notion that same- and
cross-gender friendships may represent different types of personal relationships. As
compared to conceptions of friendship, observations in the friendship selection task
revealed that students engaged in similar predecisional searching regardless of the
gender of the target friend. Findings suggest that the process of same- and crossgender
friendship selection was somewhat different at different grade levels but did not
vary markedly for boys and girls. Indeed, boys and girls at all ages were observed to
select same- and cross-gender friends who were highly similar to themselves. The
present discussion concludes with a description of the cross-gender friendship
experiences of children and adolescents in this sample including consideration of the
potential challenges and benefits associated with having a friend of the other gender.
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Embodying culture : gurus, disciples and tabla playersNuttall, Denise Irene 05 1900 (has links)
This dissertation is an ethnography about the men and women who take up the practice and
performance of a Hindustani (North Indian) drum called tabla, as a way of life. Learning tabla
means that percussionists must find a guru, a learned master of the tradition who will guide
them in their life long study of this instrument. The relationships formed between gurus and
disciples are distinctively different in kind from teacher-student relations in Western knowledge
systems. The guru-disciple tradition is a very specific, culturally dependent mode of learning
originating from the Indian Brahmanical tradition of religious study. Discipleship is a form of
apprenticeship which offers no easy translation, philosophically, culturally or spiritually. My
ethnography and analysis of tabla as a way of life is presented from my own situated
perspective as a tabla disciple of two tabla masters, Ustad Alia Rakha Khan, his son Ustad
Zakir Hussain and as a visiting tabla enthusiast with another teacher of tabla, Ritesh Das. I
offer a multi-local ethnography which centres on tabla communities based in Bombay, India,
Toronto, Ontario, Vancouver, British Columbia, Seattle, Washington and the Bay Area of
California.
As tabla travels around the globe, outside of India, the learning and teaching of this tradition
changes somewhat in its new environments. However, learning to play tabla whether in Indian
or diaspora cultures necessitates adopting Indian ways of knowing, learning and being. For
those musicians of non-Indian ethnicity who become dedicated to this art form learning tabla
also means learning to embody Indian cultural ways of doing and knowing. I posit that learning
the cultural, as in learning tabla, begins in the body and the embodied mind. Knowing through
and with the body requires re-conceptualizing anthropological concepts of culture, memory and
tradition. Grounding an analytic concept of the body in the emerging critical Anthropology of
the Body and the Anthropology of the Senses allows for an examination of the social as
something more than cognitive and language based.
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Constraints and creativity in Comorian enterpriseWhite, Bob Whitman January 1993 (has links)
In recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to small-scale enterprise in developing countries because of its potential to foster economic growth and simultaneously reduce poverty in regional economies. In an attempt to understand more about the relationship between entrepreneurship and social change in economies in Africa, this research examines the beliefs and practices of six small-scale entrepreneurs in the Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros. Surveys show that indigenous entrepreneurs consider fellow community members a hindrance to their activities; the government and access to capital are seen as less constraining. Case studies focus on entrepreneurial innovation in order to distinguish entrepreneurs from "businessmen" and to paint a picture of the African entrepreneur as vanguard instead of victim.
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The top manager and his team : opening the black box of top management team dynamics in strategic issue diagnosisKisfalvi, Veronika J. January 1997 (has links)
How is it that some potentially strategic issues find themselves on a Rim's strategic agenda, while others do not? Why is a top manager more attentive to some aspects of his firm's strategic situation than to others? What shapes his interpretation of his firm's strategic reality? How does strategic issue diagnosis (SID) actually take place within a top management team? These are the types of questions that this thesis addresses. It contends that the way strategy formation in general and SID in particular have so far been studied in top management teams---through essentially cognitive lenses---has been inadequate, largely because these cognitive approaches, although concerned with the biases that affect thinking are themselves based on an incomplete and therefore biased and distorted view of people, their choices and their actions. / The findings of a single-case field study that explored strategy formation and SID in a medium-sized entrepreneurial family firm led by a still-active founder are presented. The study utilized an enlarged conceptual framework that combined the dominant cognitive approaches in this domain with certain concepts from dynamic psychology. Its findings show that the deeply-entrenched personal preoccupations of a CEO, shaped by developmental processes and formative experiences throughout his life, and of which his cognitions are only one manifestation, have the potential to profoundly influence his strategic orientations, the top management team (TMT) dynamics in his firm, and consequently SID and its outcomes. It concludes that enriching the dominant cognitive models of SID and strategy formation by incorporating concepts taken from psychodynamic theory (specifically, concepts dealing with the consistent manifestations of individual character in all aspects of an individual's life) can lead to a better understanding of the complex subjective phenomena involved.
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