Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

As a result of changing conditions in Canada since the Second World War, suburban municipalities, that is those municipalities adjacent to urban centres which still have agricultural land, have found themselves coping with the problems of rapid urbanization. The suburban municipalities seem to have failed in meeting these problems, partly as the result of not having a positive land use policy. By positive policy is meant the type which states objectives and attempts to achieve these goals as opposed to the negative type which merely regulates. This lack of a positive policy is especially noticeable in regard to the location of the neighbourhood shopping centre, which is the focal point of modern residential suburban development. An examination of the public interest in general terms, and then specifically in regard to the location of the neighbourhood shopping centre shows that the public interest warrants control as to its location. The control techniques in the past have been Conventional Zoning and Subdivision Control. By Conventional Zoning is meant the type of zoning which is carried out without corelation with a general or master plan for development of the municipality. A historical and legal examination of these two techniques shows that although they were effective to some extent in the past, they are basically weak owing to their negative character, and also they are not suited to control land use in regard to modern methods of development. This is shown by examining these two techniques in effect in a sample suburban municipality of Delta, B.C. Since Conventional Zoning and Subdivision Control are found to be ineffective, such positive techniques as land acquisition, purchase of development rights, land assembly, replotting, modern zoning techniques, and different physical and economic controls are examined as to their effectiveness on the Canadian scene and in the countries where they are extensively used. The different techniques are then tried out hypothetically as they might be used to control the location of the neighbourhood shopping centre in the example municipality of Delta, B.C. It is found that the purchase of the future site of the neighbourhood shopping centre is the most effective way in which a Canadian suburban municipality can control the location of its neighbourhood shopping centre. The conclusion from the study is that Canadian suburban municipalities in the past have not met the challenge of rapid urbanization both in general terms and specifically in regard to controlling the location of the neighbourhood shopping centre which is the key to modern suburban residential development. This challenge can be met if the suburban municipalities adopt a positive policy for the overall development of the municipality which will be reflected in the use of a technique such as site purchase to control the location of the neighbourhood shopping centre. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

This study, taking the Memorial Community Centre and its two affiliated agencies, Heywood community Centre and North Shore Neighbourhood House, as the medium, examines the form which the development of the recreation movement has taken in North Vancouver, and evaluates the adequacy of the agencies to meet the leisure-time needs of the citizens of this area. These agencies are surveyed in terms of their leadership, programme, and facilities. The importance of the social, economic and cultural background is brought out. The district is poorly planned and the community is isolated from the amenities and commercial amusements of Vancouver City. The population is drawn largely from wage earner groups. North Vancouver was badly hit by the depression and only recently has managed to attain greater economic stability. Accordingly, the North Shore has been thrown on its own resources for recreation and organization. The majority of the citizens moved to North Vancouver to find a more pleasant environment for bringing up their children: they are keenly interested in the welfare of their families and all projects of creative recreation. There is an unusually wide degree of participation in these centres, not only financially but in the form of sponsorship, committees and actual membership. The study pays particular attention to this, to its achievements, and to the difficulties which still remain. As the scope of the centres widen, public relations, recruiting and training of competent volunteers, and programme organization generally, all become more important; the study attempts to assess community opinion on these matters. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate

The ever-increasing interest in recreation and its part in preventing juvenile delinquency has attracted the attention of many service clubs and has offered them an opportunity to turn their efforts towards this new-development. This study was undertaken with a view to ascertaining the extent and type of recreational projects aided or sponsored by such clubs, the role they are playing, and their potential contribution to community recreation. Service clubs have in the past few years grown tremendously in numbers and membership. They raise large sums of money to be expended on community welfare work and with the increasing complexity of living, it appears important to consider their position and how they can make their best contribution in this area. Particular emphasis has been placed on the years since the end of the war, which is a natural dividing line since, during this time, most service clubs spent their energies and funds on some type of war work. Material used in this study has been gathered by several methods and from several sources. First, simple questionnaires and a covering letter were sent to all service clubs. In some cases these were returned, but in no case was the information sufficient, so a follow-up was made by telephone. In all but two cases personal interviews with officers resulted, varying in number from one to twenty, depending on the size and number of projects carried out by each particular club. Newspaper accounts, club magazines and reports provided further information. In some instances, where the project developed into an organization in itself, was closely allied to an existing agency or had dealings with the Community Chest and Council, the groups concerned were co-operative in making available correspondence, minutes, reports and records. This survey clearly shows the lack of any overall planning body for public and private recreational agencies in Vancouver. The Group Work Division of the Community Chest and Council offers same opportunity for joint planning and co-ordination, but these are not yet sufficiently used. To facilitate this further, it is most important to revise the constitution of the Community Chest and Council to allow for more purposeful representation. There is considerable lack of knowledge on the part of many service club members of the need for this measure of community planning. The philosophy of social group work and community organization is generally unfamiliar to them. There is a broad field for interpretation open to professional social workers and agencies to enlighten those who are interested in providing recreational services. Service clubs have made a contribution in this area, and are able to do so to a greater extent Citizens participation is basic, if recreation is to be part and parcel of a progressive, democratic society. If service clubs' interest in and conviction about their recreational contributions can be allied to efficient community planning and organizations, the projects sponsored by them will immeasurably enrich the community. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate

The purpose of this study is to describe community centres in British Columbia and to evaluate them, particularly in relation to leadership. What appears to the author as the best of current thought on the purposes and leadership of community centres is set forth. On the basis of this criteria for the evaluation of community centres are evolved. Twenty nine community centres in British Columbia and the Yukon Territory, concerning which information was available, are described. Finally, the community centre developments, so described, are evaluated in terms of the criteria. In outlining the standards, by which it is proposed that the community centres described should be judged, reference is made to the origins of community centres. Their growth is attributed to the leisure-time needs arising out of urbanization and industrialization. The principal developments in the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada are outlined. There has evolved the conception of the community centre as an institution which enables a feeling of unity and democratic expression for the community. If such ends are to be served, the planning for the community centre must be done in consultation with other organizations of the community. For this purpose a co-ordinating, planning council must be organized. Such a council should become a permanent part of a community, for the pooling of resources can meet other needs. The Community Centre must be related to such a group. Buildings are a means to an end and efforts should be made not only to provide new ones but to adapt existing ones to serve the objectives of the centre. Program and the organization of the membership of the Centre must serve the primary objectives of meeting human needs and establishing such a pattern of social relationships as will make possible the growth of individuals as social beings. Effective leadership can be provided only by those who understand these things. Training must equip leaders with a knowledge of community life, an understanding of human needs and behaviour, recreational, supervisory, administrative and other skills. Professional leadership, so trained and equipped, is essential. The description of the twenty-nine community centres is prefaced by an outline of the work of several public and private provincial agencies. The community centres of eight districts of the City of Vancouver are described. There follow three important centres in municipalities adjoining Vancouver. Developments in seventeen other communities of the Province are then outlined. In evaluating developments, it is pointed out that requests for help addressed to provincial agencies clearly indicate a widespread need for more recreational programs and activities. The fact that many communities are organizing to meet their own needs suggests they see in the community centre a desirable agency for their community. The developments in the various communities and their relationship to the presence or lack of leaders are outlined. Few of the areas within the scope of the study have the services of trained leaders. The capacities and limitations of these leaders are reflected in the constitution and functioning, the successes and failures of their several centres. The relationship between the value of the leadership and its financial cost is pointed out. For smaller communities it is suggested that more extensive use of trained leadership would be possible if costs and services were shared. More trained leadership at the provincial level would accelerate community centre developments throughout the province. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate

It was the purpose of this study to determine the nature of the policies governing community use of school facilities for recreational purposes in a selected sample of communities; and further, to identify the problems relating thereto. The sample was composed off our urban communities situated in "the lower mainland area of British Columbia". All were within a twenty-mile radius of the University of British Columbia campus. The communities themselves were Coquitlam, North Vancouver, Richmond, and Vancouver as defined by the irrespective school district boundaries. The required date, were obtained as a result of interviews conducted with both education and community recreation personnel. In addition, copies of the actual written policy statements of the respective school boards were acquired. The relevant data for each community were separately analyzed, classified, and discussed on the basis often principal topics. These were: philosophies held; obstacles encountered in implementing or promoting community use; administrative methods used; use of written policies; facilities used and restrictions or priorities there in involved; supervision; liability; financial aspects; and a summary of progress attained to date as well as proposed plans for the future. Interviews were also conducted with the officials of several provincial organizations having possible interest, or influence, in the problem area. These interviews indicate a general consensus of agreement with the policies presently in effect in the sample communities. The results of the study indicated that a number of factors were hampering the attainment of an optimal degree of community use of school facilities for recreational purposes . These factors were evidenced in various restrictions and limitations incorporated into the school boards' policies. One of the most important factors was the lack of communication evident between educators and recreators. This was based primarily on the failure of educators to recognize both the place of recreation in today's society, and its relationships with education. Additional factors were: (1) the need for increased provincial financial aid; (2) the need for more reciprocal sharing of available community educational and recreational facilities; and (3) a need for a broader basis than local experience only from which to derive school board policies in this area. Progress towards the solution of these problems was evident in all four communities. There was, nevertheless, also evidence that plans, for future community use of school facilities for recreational purposes, would continue to be relatively limited and narrow in scope. This was particularly true when such plans were viewed with anticipated future community needs and desires in recreation in mind. / Education, Faculty of / Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of / Graduate

No description available.

No description available.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1990.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Also available in print.