Thesis--Marburg. / Vita. Bibliography: p. 215-223.

Thesis--Köln. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 588-639).

Thesis--Copenhagen, 1978. / Summary in Danish. Bibliography: p. [237]-256.

Thesis (doctoral) - Hochschule für Musik und Theater, München. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 299-310) and index.

Inaug.-Diss.--Marburg. / Lebenslauf. "Literaturverzeichnis": p. [88]-89.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard University, 1970. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 286-319).

Texte remanié de: Tese de doutoramento--Literatura Francesa--Universidade de Saõ Paulo, 1989. / Bibliogr. p. 305-316.

Texte remanié de: Ph. D. / Bibliogr. p. 221-230. Index.

Peirce's theory of retroduction, or the formation of hypotheses, describes, as a form of inference, the process of reasoning by which hypotheses to explain unexpected events are arrived at. In general, retroduction consists in the suggestion of a known class of events of which the event to be explained may possibly be a particular case. On the other hand, Peirce sometimes speaks of retroduction as positing an unobserved entity to explain observed phenomena. It has been argued, however, that this second definition of retroduction constitutes a special case of the first. The theory of retroduction is presented in two different forms, the earlier and the later, with a transition period between the two forms falling in the years from 1885 to 1900. The early theory stresses the formal structure of the retroductive form of inference, and presents retroduction and induction as parallel forms of reasoning, differing in that the former infers from observed facts other facts different from those observed, while the latter infers facts the same as those observed but of greater generality. Hypotheses and inductions are considered as of comparable stability. In the later theory retroduction originates all new ideas, in the form of suggested hypotheses, which themselves are little more than intelligent guesses, hut qualify as forms of inference in that unlike perceptions to which they are analogous they may be subjected to criticism as to their adequacy in explaining the events under question. Induction in the later theory is the process of testing hypotheses by deduction of experiential predictions from them and comparison of observed fact with those predictions. The criterion for the acceptance of hypotheses for inductive testing is purely one of economy. The validity of retroduction consists, not in any objective probability of its conclusions, but in the fact that only by retroduction can any new ideas be originated, and hence in the fact that together with inductive testing it constitutes the only method of arriving at true statements about the real world. / Arts, Faculty of / Philosophy, Department of / Graduate

Basé sur une étude littéraire, ce travail se propose de resituer le discours poétique maurrassien au sein de la vaste discursivité polémique, politique, critique et philosophique de l’expression maurrassienne, de la fin du dix-neuvième siècle à l’incarcération finale de Riom. Il tente de mettre en lumière la totalité des formes et des enjeux de l’écriture poétique chez Charles Maurras aux divers moments de son histoire intellectuelle et à travers toutes les oeuvres poétiques publiées de Maurras. Cette étude cherche ainsi à montrer le rôle fondamental, de la critique littéraire à l’écriture poétique, de la tradition intellectuelle et esthétisante maurrassienne ainsi que son rôle stratégique dans les diverses représentations iconographiques maurrassiennes. Elle souligne également l’extraordinaire capacité de Maurras à construire une structure de pensée imposante et cohérente en redéfinissant le rôle discursif de cette poétique méconnue et les rapports de compénétration que cette écriture entretient avec la doctrine politique en montrant comment sa dimension prophétique implique une élévation transcendante de la doctrine politique, par delà les polémiques triviales de la vie journalistique quotidienne. En dernier lieu, et hors de toute approche partisane, ce travail tente de redéfinir l’esthétisme maurrassien et d’en délimiter les contours ambigus, sur le strict plan de l’esthétique littéraire. Cet ouvrage tente ainsi de creuser les problématiques de fond que pose la poésie maurrassienne au monde intellectuel : la teneur et l’unicité de son néo-classicisme, les équivoques de son esthétique, la valeur de l’ultime conversion mystique. Il s’efforce de mieux comprendre les constructions de la pensée maurrassienne, ses logiques et ses paradoxes en s’appuyant essentiellement sur l’oeuvre littéraire. / Based on a literary study, this essay is an attempt to understand Charles Maurras’ poetical discourse within the framework of the extensive, polemical, critical and philosophical narrative of his author, from the end of the nineteenth century until his final custody in Riom. Our work tries to shed light on all the shapes and goals of Charles Maurras’ poetry at all the moments of the author’s intellectual history and through all his poetical writings. Thanks to this comprehensive approach, this study shows the fundamental role of intellectual and esthetical tradition in maurrassism and its strategic issues in the maurrassian’s iconographic depictions. It also highlights Maurras’ extraordinary capacity to fashioned an intellectually coherent and imposing structure of ideas, presenting the linkages between his poetical writings and his political doctrine. In particular, the prophetical dimension of his poetry suggests rising the political doctrine to the level of transcendence, above the mundane polemics of daily journalistic life. Finally, and excluding any partisan approach, this work tries to define what the Maurrassian aesthetics is, from the narrow perspective of literary aesthetics. This manuscript therefore endeavours to look deeper into the key questions that have remained unsolved about Maurras’ poetry: the content and unity of his neo-classicism, the ambivalences of its aesthetics, the value of the last mystical conversion. It attempts to offer a better understanding of Charles Maurras’ intellectual structures, their logics and paradoxes, relying primarily on its literary work.