<p>A Test Battery (TB) is a measurement method that is designed to assess a variety of ability constructs. The extent to which TB predicts future pilot performance has important implications for both flying organizations and applicants. The primary emphasis in the existing literature has been on scores of individual ability tests, in contrast to the scores of multiple ability tests that are typically indexed by composites derived from TBs. The selection literature lacks a focus on composite scores, and seldom links to the broad cognitive abilities that predominate TBs. The objective of this study was to investigate how the different broad ability constructs of TBs influence their predictive validities for pilot performance. Six ability groups were identified as the most common ability saturations of pilot selection TBs. On the basis of 89 studies and 118 independent samples, a series of meta-analyses were conducted to determine the criterion-related validity of the six categories of TBs for several criterions of pilot performance.</p> <p>The investigation revealed there was an overall small and positive relationship between TBs and flight performance. The six categories of cognitive ability TBs appeared to be valid predictors of pilot performance, and at least five of them generalize validity across studies and settings. More specifically, three sets of predictor groups were identified according to the magnitude of validity estimates. The highest validity group included <i>Work Sample</i> TBs (<i>r</i>=.34), the second highest validity group included TBs of <i>Acquired Knowledge</i>, <i>General Ability</i>, and <i>Motor Abilities</i> (<i>r</i>=.19, .18, and .17, respectively), and the lowest validity group included TBs of <i>Perceptual Processing</i> and <i>Controlled Attention</i> (<i>r</i>=.14 and .10, respectively).</p> <p>The results also indicated that there was substantial variability in the effect of cognitive abilities on flight performance, with evidence of moderators operating in most cases. Five potential moderator variables were examined that may moderate the TBs-performance relationship in flying. The analysis for the moderator variable of <i>the number of tests in the battery </i>(small battery/large battery), <i>regularity of TB use in pilot selection</i> (commonly used/uncommonly used), and <i>criterion level of measurement</i> (continuous/ordinal/dichotomous/ contingency table) revealed significant moderating effects on the correlations between flight performance and several types of test batteries. Other moderators related to <i>year of publication</i> (1987-1999/2000-2009/2010-2017) and <i>flying organization</i> (USAF/US Navy/Another military/Civilian) did not significantly influence the correlations between TBs and flight performance. The implications of the findings for practice are discussed, and recommendations for future research directions are provided.</p>

Miroslav Volf's theology of embrace in the context of CHC theology focusing on the question of eschatology leading to Christian engaged life Filip Sedlák Abstract At the turn of the 19th and 20th century theology has reevaluated its basis so that eschatology regained its position of this basis. The view, which was kept only by the outsiders in the period of the Enlightment, has become a generally accepted one. The intensity of this shift changed in a variety of ways but it cannot certainly be said that it was overcome or replaced by a new wave until now. The importace of the eschatological viewpoint in contemporary theology has affected to a great extent also the theology of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church (CHC). However, the importace of eschatology in the CHC theology does not stem from the mentioned shift only, but has its historical roots in the Czech Reformation from which the subject of eschatology is inseparable, as well as in its understanding eschatology as an impulse to practical action perceived as preparing the ways for the Lord's coming which can eventually turn to the revolutionary dimension. The continuity with the Czech Reformation was declared soon after the foundation of the new church using the slogan: "Completing the Czech religious reformation." It is undoubtedly clear from many...