Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Psychology, June 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-87). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Louisville, 2005. Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Kentucky, 2005. / University of Louisville, Raymond A. Kent School of Social Work. University of Kentucky, College of Social Work. Vita. "May 2005." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 225-249).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1974. / Vita. Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--University of Wisconsin--Madison. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 133-141).

The present report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of Security Council resolution 1612 (2005). It is presented to the Council and its Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict as a second country report from the monitoring and reporting mechanism referred to in paragraph 3 of that resolution. The report, which covers the period from May to July 2006, specifies incidents of grave child rights abuses, indicative of the nature and trend of systematic violations in the Sudan. The report focuses specifically on the killing and maiming of children, their recruitment and use as soldiers, grave sexual violence, abductions and denial of humanitarian access to children, and indicates that these violations continue in the Sudan largely unabated. The report explicitly identifies parties to the conflict who are committing grave abuses, including the Sudanese Armed Forces, the Sudan People's Liberation Army, the Popular Defence Forces, the Sudan Liberation Army, the White Army, the Janjaweed militia, the Lord's Resistance Army and Chadian opposition forces. The report stresses that individual commanders of the numerous armed forces and groups in the Sudan bear responsibility for the commission of grave violations by their forces, but that the Government of National Unity and the Government of Southern Sudan are also directly accountable for the commission of violations by individuals within their command structures. This government accountability is a critical as groups are incorporated into the legally regulated armed forces under government control. The report highlights action plans and other programme responses in place to address violations against children, and contains a series of recommendations with a view to securing strengthened action for the protection of war-affected children in the Sudan. / "S/2006/662." "Distr: General." "17 August 2006." "Original: English." Title taken from title screen (viewed October 27, 2006).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2001. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 131 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 102-118).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2008. / Title from title screen (site viewed Jan. 15, 2009). PDF text: iv, 82 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 591 K. UMI publication number: AAT 3323492. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine in the branch of Diagnostic Radiology Johannesburg 2018. / INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health issue, but diagnosis in children can be challenging. The radiological hallmark of pulmonary TB (PTB) in children is mediastinal lymphadenopathy, however there is inter-observer variability in detecting this. The value of the lateral CXR in addition to the frontal view to detect lymphadenopathy has not been well studied. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of lymphadenopathy in children with confirmed PTB detected on frontal compared to frontal-lateral CXRs. METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of a study from Red Cross Children’s Hospital in Cape Town. Children with definite TB and a control group (Lower respiratory tract infection other than TB) who had frontal and lateral CXRs were included in this study. Three radiologists independently read the CXRs in 2 separate sittings (frontal CXR and ‘combination frontallateral’ CXR). A 3 reader consensus reading was used during data analysis. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to determine the presence of lymphadenopathy. Kappa statistics were calculated to determine inter reader agreement. RESULTS: Of 172 children (88 confirmed TB and 84 control children), with a median age of 29 months, lymphadenopathy was reported in 86 (50%) patients on the frontal CXR alone and in 143 (83%) on the frontal-lateral CXR combination, p= 0.00. Amongst confirmed PTB cases, 52 (60%) had lymphadenopathy on the frontal CXR alone while 72 (82%) had lymphadenopathy on the frontal-lateral CXR combination, p= 0.00. Amongst the control group, 34 (40%) had lymphadenopathy on the frontal CXR alone while 71 (85%) had lymphadenopathy on the frontal-lateral CXR combination, p= 0.00. The consensus reading using a frontal-lateral CXR combination resulted in a 5 fold increase (OR 4,9; 95% CI 2,9-8,4) in diagnosis of lymphadenopathy compared to a frontal CXR only. Overall inter reader agreement for all 3 readers was fair on both the frontal CXR (Kappa= 0,21) and the frontal-lateral CXR (Kappa= 0,23) combination. CONCLUSION: The addition of a lateral view to the frontal CXR increased detection of lymphadenopathy, however, the prevalence of lymphadenopathy was similar in children with PTB and those in the control group, with fair inter reader agreement. / LG2018

The aims were to critically assess methodologies relevant to PK studies tailored to the needs of children. In view of the significant challenges associated with pain control in children paracetamol and ketorolac were selected for the study. Methods: Two bioanalytical methods were developed to measure paracetamol and enantiomers of ketorolac in paediatric samples, to support PK studies of IV paracetamol and ketorolac in children less than 16 years old. All studies had ethical approval and clinical trial authorisation. Results: The developed bioanalytical methods were reliable, requiring only 30 μl of blood for paracetamol, and 50 μl of plasma for ketorolac. Paracetamol concentrations from finger-prick samples in the first hour post dose were greater than from venous samples (349% at 15, 72% at 30, and 9.3% at 60minutes). There were no differences in median CL (0.41, 0.31 and 0.37 1h^-1kg^-1), V_d (0.90, 0.95 and 0.90 1/kg) and t_1/2 (1.7, 2.2 and 1.6 h) among the respective age groups 2-5, 6-10 and 11-15 years. All PK parameters were different for R- and S- ketorolac, with V_d and CL of R- being lower than those of S- (0.12 vs. 0.17 1/kg; 0.017 vs. 0.049 1/h/kg). The median half-life of R- was longer than that of S- (5.0 vs. 3.1 h, <i>P =</i> 0.043). Conclusions: Bioanalytical method did not limit PK trials in children. Sampling method affected PK parameter estimation, and prolonging cannula patency was the most challenging procedure during blood sampling. The PK of IV paracetamol was similar in children 2-15 years old, and the enantiomers of ketorolac were found to have different PKs in children.

This study investigates success in parental mental health and child welfare work. Research has established the potential direct and indirect impacts of mental illness on parenting, the parent–child relationship, and the child, and the extent to which this poses a public health challenge. Problems with how adult and children’s services understand and deliver support to parents with mental health problems and their children have also been identified. In contrast, there has been little research about how parents with mental health difficulties and their children can be supported successfully. ‘What works’, or what constitutes success in parental mental health and child welfare work is missing from the literature. This study aims to begin to address this gap by providing an original contribution to conceptualising and evaluating success in parental mental health and child welfare work. This is an exploratory study, and as such covers a diverse population, i.e. different family members, different cultural and ethnic backgrounds, parents with different diagnoses, and statutory and voluntary sector agencies. The main issue here is to cover diversity; in terms of exploring different opinions of success – both in outcomes and processes – rather than to ensure applicability of the findings to all families in which there are parents experiencing mental illness. An interpretative approach was chosen for the study (within that data) to explore these issues. This was obtained by undertaking a multiple embedded case study methodology (Yin, 2003) with 12 families and their key workers from community mental health, children’s social care and the voluntary sector. Data collection was undertaken in three stages: individual interviews with parents, children and the professionals who support them; a review of the agency case files kept about the same families; and three focus groups. Participants were asked to identify successful situations that had occurred in each case study family during the 18 months prior to interview and give details about why these situations worked out well. The focus groups were convened to discuss the emerging findings from the first two phases of data collection. An examination of emerging themes, and the interplay between themes, gives insight into the shared ideas about what works and the shared methods and practices that are associated with successful outcomes. On the basis of these similarities, the findings offer a contribution to knowledge and practice about a mode of working which seems to make it possible to succeed in helping families previously considered beyond help. What is more, the practitioners also benefit from the helping relationship in this context.