This item was digitized as part of the Million Books Project led by Carnegie Mellon University and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Cornell University coordinated the participation of land-grant and agricultural libraries in providing historical agricultural information for the digitization project; the University of Arizona Libraries, the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Office of Arid Lands Studies collaborated in the selection and provision of material for the digitization project.

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

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Iron chlorosis has been a serious problem for many years. This physiological disease has occurred so frequently on calcareous soils that it has been called lime-induced chlorosis by many of the workers. Because the western United States has so many soils of this type, the chlorosis problem has been of primary concern. Untold economic losses have been the result of this physiological disease.

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Field observations show that velvet bentgrass (Agrostis canina L.) (VB) an alternative species to creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stoloniera L.) (CB) exhibits chlorosis in the leaves at high nitrogen rates. Growth chamber experiments were conducted that compared VB and CB using a hydroponic system. The experiments tested 5%NH4+-N, 45%NH4+-N, 95%NH4+-N and urea N-sources. Chlorosis only occurred in VB at the 95% NH4+-N and 100% urea-N source. Nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium levels in leaves showed ammonium accumulation was positively correlated to chlorosis in VB. Enzyme analysis showed initial glutamine synthetase (GS) activity in roots compared to leaves is higher in CB than in VB, explaining low ammonium levels in leaves of CB. The GS activity in the roots of VB increased after 24 hours of treatment. The results showed that the chlorosis in the leaves of VB is the correlated to ammonium accumulation associated with nitrogen form supplied and GS activity.

Normal healthy growth and development of plants is controlled by certain factors known as factors of plant growth. They are soil, climate, and plant inheritance. The soil contains many nutrient elements needed by plants both in macro and micro quantities. Iron is one of the essential elements required by plants in small amounts. When plants are starving for any of the essential nutrients, characteristic symptoms usually appear as certain abnormalities, discoloration and deformation of leaves, fruits, and other parts. The deficiency symptoms, though not easily recognizable in some cases at the beginning, are quite apparent in advanced stages of plant growth. The characteristic symptom of iron deficiency in plant nutrition is chlorosis. Chlorosis is a general term which denotes a lack of chlorophyll in leaves and replacement of the normal green color either wholly or in part by yellow color. In most cases the chlorosis is characterized by a distribution of the yellow color throughout the green in patterns. The more specific term, iron chlorosis, refers to chlorosis due to iron deficiency in the plant and which can be alleviated by providing the plant with suitable iron compounds.

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