The thesis deals with the most significant disease of the day-lily, the brown leaf streakiness caused by the fungus Aureobasidium microsticum in two habitats, Lednice and Ústí nad Orlicí in the year 2014. The intensity of infestation of the plants, the in-tensity of infestation on one shoot were evaluated. The infestation index and frequency of the pathogen in both habitats were determined. In the Lednice habitat 62 varieties of daylilies were evaluated. Different amounts of infestation intensity were recorded on them. The highest intensity of fungus infestati-on A. microsticum was recorded on varieties 'Forty Secon Street' and 'Clemenceaux', varieties 'Pandora Box' and 'Seal of Aproval' were attacked least. The highest intensity of infestation on one shoot and the defined index of infestation was at the varieties 'Forty Secon Street', 'Parian China' and 'Bonie Holey', while the lowest one was at varieties 'Ringlets','Golden Chimnes'. Furthermore the highest frequency of the pa-thogen was defined at varieties such as ' Kwanso', 'Atlas' and 'Rajah'. The lowest infe-station of the pathogen was at the varieties 'Seal Aproval'. All the varieties were attac-ked. In the Ústí nad Orlicí habitat 46 varieties of daylilies were used in this experiment. The highest intensity of plant infestation by the fungus A. microsticum was recorded on varieties 'Canadian Borde Patrol','Doll House' and 'Gold Reef', the least infested varieties were 'Real Wind', 'Mauna Loa' and 'Autumm Red'. The highest intensity of infestation on one shoot and the defined index of infestation were at the varieties 'Tonia Gay', 'Doll House' and 'Canadian Borde Patrol', while the lowest one was at the varieties eg. 'Barnabas' and 'Real Wind'. Furthermore defined frequency of the pathogen occurrence, where varieties such as 'Cosmic Carper', 'El Desperado' and 'Tanzanite' were infested the most and on the other hand the smallest rate was re-corded at the variety 'Franc Hals'. All the varieties were attacked. From all of the varieties from the infected leaves with the disease symptom the pathogen was isolated and microscopically analysed.

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Planting of elderberry in Czech Republic, unlike abroad, do not reflect its importance. It correspond with lack of literary resources. The thesis is focused on monitoring of pathogens of genus Sambucus. The list and description of diseases and pests originators is presented. In years 2012 and 2013 in locality Botanical gardens and arboretum Mendel University in Brno and in Veleboř was monitored elderberry diseases and pests occurrence. On both localities was registered only light occurence of fungus Cercospora depazeoides (Desm.) Sacc. (1878) and aphid Aphis (Aphis) sambuci and on locality Veleboř the thrips, probably Thrips sambuci. During monitoring period dry weather dominated and for these reason the infection was rather slight, protective measures was not done.

No description available.

No description available.

Fabry disease is an inherited defect of lysosomal α-galactosidase A (α-GALA), causing progressive accumulation of glycosphingolipids with terminal α-galactosyl moieties, especially globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer) and in to a small extent also galabiosylceramide (Ga2Cer) and blood group B glycolipids, in most tissues and body fluids. This diploma thesis is an extension of previous laboratory studies and intends to contribute to clarification of some specific features of catabolic pathways of glycolipids substrates in lysosomal storage disorders, especially blood group B glycolipids. Therefore, analysis of human pancreas and lungs tissues was performed using TLC imunodetection and immunohistochemical analysis of these glycolipids. The most striking observation was massive accumulation of B-6-2 glycolipid and of others complex B-glycolipids in the pancreas of the patient with Fabry disease with blood group B. The level of blood group B substrates exceeded significantly storage of Gb3Cer substrate. An important part of this work were metabolic experiments in cell cultures in order to answer the question about participation of related glycosidases - α-galactosidase A and α-N- acetylgalactosaminidase (α -NAGA) in the lysosomal degradation of glycosphingolipids with terminal α-galactose. Loading experiments were...

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control Student: Pavla ábelová Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. RNDr. Veronika Opletalová, Ph.D. Supervisor specialist: PharmDr. Jan Korábe ný, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico studies in the series of novel 7-methoxytacrine-donepezile like compounds Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder of the brain characterized clinically by loss of memory, deterioration of activities of daily living and cognition. The pathological hallmarks of AD include neuritic plaques composed of extracellularly stored fibrils of amyloid- peptide, intracellular deposits of hyperphosphorylated tau and neurotransmitter deficits. The aim of the study was to design and synthesize 7-methoxytacrine-donepezil-like compounds as potential inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, EC 3.1.1.8). New compounds consist of 7-methoxytacrine representing less toxic derivative of tacrine and benzylpiperazine moiety corresponding to donepezil fragment. To determine the potential of new derivatives, AChE and BChE inhibitory activities of the new molecules were assessed in vitro according to the method of Ellman et al....

Huntington's disease, an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease, affects the cell in several toxical ways. One of them is accumulation of protein aggregates in cytoplasma, which could become a serious problem especially for long-lived cells such as neurons. Autophagy (macroautophagy) is an important catabolic pathway, crucial for cell survival. If fully functional, it should eliminate protein aggregates and reduce the toxic effect on the cell. However, recent works show that this pathway might be defective, most probably in the cytoplasmic cargo recognition. In my work I used a transgenic miniature pig model of Huntington's disease to verify the hypothesis of autophagical dysfunction in individuals suffering from Huntington's disease. I studied levels of autophagosomal markers - LC3 and p62 in mesenchymal stem cells after different autophagy stimulation treatments, and ammonium chloride was found the most effective. In addition I evaluated the effect of age of the animals on autophagic function, but no significant changes were identified, even if animal genotype was considered. Moreover I had an opportunity to study proteins levels in three porcine brain tissues - cortex, cerebellum and striatum. Even though there is no significant diference, we can observe a trend of LC3 II and p62 increase in...

Reversible adenosine methylation (N6-methylation; m6A) at the RNA level was described in connection to the regulation of RNA fate. The N6-methyladenosine pathway is important for cognitive function and mechanisms related to memory, including the regulation of adult neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that a decreased activity of the RNA-demethylase FTO is associated with improved cognitive function in rats. The RNA-demethylase FTO is a key regulator of the m6A pathway. In this study, we administered MO-I-500, a pharmacological inhibitor of FTO in TgF344-AD transgenic rats, which resulted in an improvement of spatial cognition. We further investigated the cognitive enhancement induced by a caloric restriction as a possible compensatory mechanism of cognitive disorders and its effect on the proteins regulating the N6-methyladenosine pathway. Long-term caloric restriction ameliorated cognitive functions and led to changes in the expression of the major proteins controlling the m6A pathway (FTO, METTL3) which are consistent with the aforementioned hypothesis. Although we do not know the exact mechanism of action, these findings support the hypothesis that m6A pathway regulators, such as the FTO demethylase, may be a promising molecular target for...

There is described a electromigration separation method for the analysis of low concentrations of copper with the possibility to detect a Wilson disease in my thesis. There were developed a methodology and propitious electrolyte systems, which can pre-concentrate copper prior to its on-line analysis. The developed electrolyte system for analysis had the following composition: LE1 (1.10-2 M CH3COOH, 2.10-2 M CH3COONH4, 2.10-4 M SPADNS), LE2 (1.10-2 M CH3COONH4, 1.10-2 M NH4OH, 1.10-4 M BKP, 5.10-5 M PAR, 5.10-3 M C6H17N3O7) and DE (7.10-5 M Cu(CH3COO)2, 1.10-3 M CH3COONH4 a 1.10-2 M CH3COOH). With a suggested electrolyte was achieved almost seventyfold accumulation of copper during 42 minutes, which lowered the concentration detection limit on the level convenient for the detection of Wilson disease. Complete analysis took about 98 minutes. There was accomplished a conductometric detection of copper in my thesis, however the developed electrolyte system can also analyze a copper by photometric detection, which is more sensitive.