The diploma work deals with the problem of poverty following from overdebtedness of Czech households. Poverty is defined as a strong social handicap leading up to a social exclusion. Overdebtedness means such a financial situation when households are not able to fulfill their financial obligations and thus it concerns especially households with low incomes. In the Czech Republic this fact has been distinguished since the year 2000. The topic of the diploma work points at the development of overdebtedness of Czech households and its evaluation, the size of this problem and the estimation of its further development. It analyses the threat to households leading to a debt trap. It deals with economic impact of state debtedness in connection with that of Czech households. Some attention is paid to the increasing unemployment as one of the strongest causes leading to a state of poverty and consequently to undesirable debtedness showing the evident link between unemployment and overdebtedness. At the same time, the emphasis is put onto individual responsibility and lifelong education as the prevention and solution to unemployment and doubtedness. The phenomenon of overdebtedness of Czech households is understood as a warning signal of the present.

The thesis deals with the role of the state and society in their attitudes to poverty and social exclusion. The introductory part aims at characterising the phenomenon of poverty and social exclusion, and deals with the issue of how the society perceives poverty. It focuses on the concept of the culture of poverty, and attention is given to the need of solidarity, social justice and the social state. The following part of my thesis deals with the extent of poverty and social exclusion in the Czech Republic, as well as possibilities of a social safety net in the Czech Republic. It describes particular examples of the manifestation of social exclusion and poverty in the Czech society, especially in the sphere of housing, opportunities in the labour market and falling into destructive debts. It sheds light on the situation of Romanies as the worst affected population group. The current situation in the Czech Republic shows that the attitude of the society to poverty as a personal fault and failure, impedes mutual solidarity, and generates strategies connected with repression that fail to understand the causes of poverty. For this reason, they cannot be adequately efficient. The society should react to, consider and efficiently solve poverty-related problems. Inspiration may be found in Christian ethics and its concept of human dignity.

This thesis deals the phenomenon of globalization in relation to aspects of its origin, content, course and possible further development. It presents the current debate experts, social scientists and theological authorities, aspecially Pope Benedict XVI., in the most important topics of globalization different walks of life: political, economic, social, enviromental and religious. The thesis also presents future scenarios of globalization to the public interpreted contemporary experts. The main emphasis is placed on interpretation of the globalization process secular world view and Catholic social doctrine.

In the period of the first Czechoslovak Republic social work was the important part of social politic and it worked as a repressive assistance, nowadays we consider social work as an activated and motivational help for clients. The then social work, which is the synonym for the social care, was provided in collaboration with public and private entities. The health, social and educational elements of provincial and district care were sucessfully united mainly in the Czech. These steps went to the comprehensive conception of social work. The Czechoslovak Republic relied on the work of volunteers and the state also supported them with finances and delegated many tasks on them. The multilateralism and jaggedness of extensive voluntary social work brought many advantanges for the state and many poor people were helped. The lack of authority and the ambivalence of voluntary social workers were the darker side of voluntary entities. The absence of the legal regulations was the main cause of these problems. Social workers in the first Czechoslovakia Republic made very important steps to establish social work as the fully-fledged work profession. These steps made by social workers included creation of a valuable and ethical frame work of social work. They have also created an international collaboration which has become standard of these days.

At first, the thesis aims at general definition of {\clq}qjustice``, it presents principles and typology of justice. Next, it explores a historical-social background of these conceptions of justice in an outline of historical eras. The second chapter introduces principles and distribution of property in social reality. The third chapter offers an overview of John Rawls´ conception of justice, which is one of the most important contemporary accounts. The fourth chapter deals with a social justice on an international level and enlarges upon Rawls´ theory discussing questions of global justice posed by other authors.

Dissertation thesis - "The use of elements of alternative education system of Maria Montessori for street children in Zambia" - is dedicated to the education of vulnerable children and "street children" in Zambia. In the introduction to the theoretical part of the thesis, the author describes Zambia itself and thereafter in following chapters, she outlines the main issues on which a detailed analysis of poverty, HIV / AIDS and its impact especially on children is presented. She gives more detailed information concerning the questions of the Zambian education; she introduces its main characters and to summarise this chapter, she deals with the particular division of the Zambian education. Given that the author in her work in Zambia found out that the reason of inefficiency in education is caused by lack of financial resources and inefficiency in educational system itself, she focused exactly on this issue. Furthermore, she treats the area devoted to volunteering and its regularities. The problem of vulnerable children and "street children" can be understood as one of the many consequences of poverty in Zambia. Street children are divided into two groups Children in the Street and Children of the Street. The difference in these two groups is essential; and that the first group spends the free time on the street and the second group lives on the street. In conclusion of the theoretical part, the author introduces the alternative pedagogy of Maria Montessori and she indicates the most important and the most basic principles, elements and specific areas of learning. The research section presents results in relation to the objectives of the dissertation thesis, which she set at the beginning and then got in the research effectuated in the years 2006 - 2009 in Zambia where she focused on the implementation of education and leisure time activities for vulnerable children (OVC / Orphans and vulnerable children) and "street children" of preventive social project of educational and leisure time activities in compaundu (slum) Kalingalinga. The author chose four goals to complete her research. The first objective was to determine whether is possible to use some elements of the pedagogy of Maria Montessori for the education and leisure time activities of vulnerable children (OVC / Orphans and vulnerable children), and "street children"; the second aim was to develop methodological tools and handouts, which will be adapted according the internal culture of the country and social status of children. The third goal was to create a suitable leisure time activities for children of the street, which will again correspond to the nature of children. The fourth goal was to improve cooperation, coordination among the trainees who go to Zambia effectuate the social project. Methodical handouts and instructions, worked out by the author, for working with these children are also a part of this chapter. All the goals of the work had been fulfilled and the author proved that the elements of alternative education of Maria Montessori in education and creation of leisure time activities can be used for vulnerable children and "street children".

The diploma thesis deals with the experiences of emergency medical workers when going to patients in an unfavorable social situation. Medical rescue service according to Act No. 374/2011 Coll. on emergency medical services, should provide pre-hospital emergency care to patients in acute life-threatening conditions. Nevertheless, the crews of the ambulance service go to patients whose problems fall more into the social field. These patients do not primarily need medical intervention, yet rescuers in the field have to deal with these situations. The aim of the diploma thesis was to find out and compare the experience of rescuers when going to patients in an unfavorable social situation. Find out how rescuers experience and interpret these situations, what situations they encounter during these trips and how they understand the concept of an unfavorable social situation. The theoretical part of this work deals with the definition of basic concepts in the field of emergency medical services and social work. The empirical part is devoted to qualitative research. It contains a description of the research methodology, analysis of interviews with rescuers and their evaluation. The result of the research is evidence that on an almost daily basis, lifeguards deal with these situations with clients...

This thesis discuss various steps how institution of family policy in France and the Czech Republic influences the social status of single mothers, or how it affects their standard of living an opportunities. The thesis is based on a comparative analysis of two measures. The first one concerns possibilities of work-life balance, the second one means of prevention from poverty. The key factor influencing work-life balance is the interplay between maternity/ parental leave, public childcare accesibility and flexible working time practice. The character and availability of allowances completes the picture of what the prevailing gender principles in each family policy are. Hence, it also demonstrates the situation of single mothers. Key words: one-parent family, signle mothers, labor market, flexibility, discrimination, poverty, social policy, family policy, work-life balance, maternity/ parental leave, childcare, gender

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the problem of poverty, describing the concept, explain the reasons and causes of poverty and to propose solutions for its prevention. Furthermore, the analysis of poverty in the Czech Republic and comparison with selected EU countries. The last part of my work will develop a proposal for measures in the fight against poverty. The thesis was divided into two parts. The first part featured a brief theoretical view of poverty as a social event. There were defining poverty, its types, forms, indicators of poverty by international organizations. This section was included in the issue of the causes of poverty, the effects of poverty, both primary and secondary, social exclusion (exclusion). This part is followed by chapter tools to eliminate poverty in the Czech social policy. These tools include: subsistence, assistance in material need, living allowance, housing subsidy, extraordinary immediate assistance and minimum wage. These tools form a complex, which currently works fairly well. Most of the tools work to eliminate poverty target, this means that these tools are used quite effectively. The practical part is based on knowledge of the theoretical perspective on poverty. Includes a brief analysis of poverty in the Czech Republic and also compares it with other EU...

The aim of this diploma thesis is to familiarize with offer of welfare services for homeless people in Benešov City on the basis of theoretical knowledge and information about phenomenon of homelessness. Also to show the influence of social services offer on the life of homeless person, to call attention to other connections and importance of a form of social service help in a role of low-cost daily centre, doss-houses and field services for people without shelter. For research part of the thesis was chosen a qualitative research for its possibilities to examine some specific broadly defined phenomenon and to bring sufficient amount of information about it. Case study method was used. Results of the research part are summarized in the end. The effect of use of social services offer for homeless people in Benešov city on the quality of their lives is exposed. Discovered conclusions point out to importance of help and support which is offered through social services.