Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-26T20:02:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Phillipe Bauer de Ara?jo D?ria.pdf: 2728729 bytes, checksum: 9a6172b97d933c398e4d0dd04647cad7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-26T20:02:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Phillipe Bauer de Ara?jo D?ria.pdf: 2728729 bytes, checksum: 9a6172b97d933c398e4d0dd04647cad7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / The current study aims to develop a minimally invasive surgical technique with the use of cryosurgery that provides sterilization of sheep for different purposes. It was used eighteen rams, half blood Santa In?s x Dorper, pubescent, with aged between 8 and 12 months and scrotal circumference greater than or equal to 25 cm, kept in confinement. The animals were weighed, clinical and hematological tests were done. By ultrasonographic, testes, epididymides and spermatic cords were evaluated and was made breeding soundness examination, serum testosterone dosage and libido test. After being considered suitable, were divided into two groups, with nine animals each group: TEST GROUP (TG) and CONTROL GROUP (CG). The surgical technique in TG consisted in the transfixing of the tail of the epididymis in the medial latero direction, with sterile and disposable hypodermic needle of 0.80 x 40mm, 21G x 1 ?, is being coupled to a circuit composed of stainless steel adapter attached to a flexible rubber tube with 15 cm in length, diameter of 7,05mm and 4,50mm of lumen, connected to unit Cryogun CryAc, then receiving the application of two cycles of freeze / thaw, by time of 60 / 45 seconds respectively by repeating the procedure on the contralateral organ. In CG proceeded only epididymis tail transfixion as previously described, without cryosurgery, waiting for the same time interval as in TG. The animals were observed for a period of 33 days, repeating to the end of this stage all tests performed before surgery, followed by orchiectomy to obtain the testis, the epididymides and tunics for macroscopic and histological in stained laminas by hematoxylin and eosin observed in optical microscopy. Semen analysis performed at 33 days revealed azoospermia in six of the nine sheep allocated in TG which was not observed in CG sheep. The statistical analysis showed no significant changes in body weight, scrotal circumference and libido of TG animals. Serum testosterone measurements before and after the procedure in TG were within the curve. Ultrasonography in the TG showed no changes in the testicular parenchyma, however demonstrating changes in the shape and increased epididymal tail dimensions with heterogeneous echo texture and the presence of cystic cavities occupying a large area of the epididymis tail, with hypoechoic homogeneous content inside. Microscopy revealed changes in the testicles of eight TG animals as contracted seminiferous tubules, diffuse vacuolation of germ cells, absence of sperm cells in the lineage, reduction in sperm production and the presence of sperm cells dead. It was noted in the epididymal tail semen extravasation into the interstitial space, with the formation of spermatic granuloma, adjacent fibrosis, and the presence of large vacuoles with stasis of the sperm cells inside and thickening of the coats in some patients. It concludes that the proposed technique in TG is safe, fast, easy to perform, with low cost, minimally invasive and free of the occurrence of postoperative complications, providing sterilization of six of the nine sheep evaluated in the 33-day period. / O presente estudo visa o desenvolvimento de t?cnica cir?rgica minimamente invasiva com o emprego da criocirurgia que proporcione a esteriliza??o de carneiros para diferentes fins. Foram utilizados 18 ovinos, mesti?os Santa In?s x Dorper, machos, inteiros, p?beres, com idade entre 8 e 12 meses e circunfer?ncia escrotal maior ou igual a 25 cm, mantidos em confinamento. Os animais foram submetidos a pesagem, avalia??o cl?nica, hematol?gica, ultrassonografia de test?culo/epid?dimo e cord?o esperm?tico, exame androl?gico, dosagem de testosterona s?rica e teste de libido. Ap?s serem considerados aptos, foram divididos em dois grupos experimentais, com nove animais cada, denominados GRUPO TESTE (GT) e GRUPO CONTROLE (GC). A t?cnica cir?rgica aplicada nos pacientes do (GT) consistiu da transfixa??o da cauda do epid?dimo com agulha hipod?rmica est?ril descart?vel 0,80 x 40mm, 21G x 1 ?, no sentido latero medial, estando esta acoplada a um circuito composto por adaptador de a?o inox ligado um tubo de borracha flex?vel de 15cm de comprimento, 7,05mm de di?metro e l?men de 4,50mm, conectado a aparelho Cryogun CryAc, recebendo ent?o a aplica??o de dois ciclos de congelamento / descongelamento, pelo tempo de 60 segundos / 45 segundos respectivamente, repetindo-se o procedimento no ?rg?o contralateral. No GC procedeu-se apenas a transfixa??o da cauda do epid?dimo conforme descrito previamente, aguardando-se pelo mesmo intervalo de tempo que no GT, sem a realiza??o da criocirurgia. Os animais foram acompanhados por um per?odo de 33 dias, repetindo-se ao final desta etapa todos os exames realizados antes da interven??o cir?rgica, seguidos de orquiectomia para obten??o das pe?as contendo os test?culos, epid?dimos e t?nicas para avalia??o macrosc?pica e posterior an?lise histopatol?gica das l?minas coradas por Hematoxilina e Eosina em microscopia ?ptica. O espermograma realizado aos 33 dias revelou azoospermia em seis dos nove carneiros do GT, n?o tendo sido observado este quadro em nenhum dos ovinos do GC. As analises estat?sticas n?o evidenciaram altera??es significativas para peso corporal, per?metro escrotal e libido dos animais do GT. As dosagens de testosterona s?rica antes e ap?s a realiza??o da t?cnica proposta no GT situaram-se dentro da curva. O exame ultrassonogr?fico do GT n?o evidenciou altera??es no par?nquima testicular, demonstrando por?m altera??es na forma e aumento das dimens?es da cauda do epid?dimo, com ecotextura heterog?nea e a presen?a de cavidades c?sticas ocupando uma grande ?rea da cauda do epididimo, com conte?do homog?neo hipoec?ico em seu interior. A microscopia revelou altera??es nos test?culos em oito animais do GT com t?bulos semin?feros contra?dos, vacuoliza??o difusa de c?lulas germinativas, aus?ncia de c?lulas da linhagem esperm?tica, redu??o na produ??o de espermatozoides e presen?a de espermatozoides mortos, notou-se na cauda do epid?dimo o extravazamento de s?men para o interst?cio, com a forma??o de granuloma esperm?tico, fibrose adjacente, al?m da presen?a de grandes vac?olos com estase de espermatozoides no seu interior e espessamento das t?nicas em alguns pacientes. Conclu?mos que a t?cnica proposta no GT mostrou-se segura, r?pida, de f?cil execu??o, baixo custo, minimamente invasiva e isenta da ocorr?ncia de complica??es p?s-operat?rias, proporcionando a esteriliza??o de seis dos nove carneiros avaliados no per?odo de 33 dias.