Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:21:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosalia Brasil Ribeiro.pdf: 7575543 bytes, checksum: 2d18e8ce05632ca3c70db4d98fa194ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-31 / In the course of their civilizatory process, human groupings have been able to account for different answers as to places for the fulfillment of their physiological needs, their disposal and sanitation. The purpose of the present dissertation is to examine this issue and to study public restrooms in the central area of the city of S?o Paulo (City Hall s S? Subdivision) and their users, specifically workers not based in the area those who carry out some kind of economic activity in the streets. Personal hygiene is the expression used for the physiological functions of defecating, urinating and personal cleaning. As a fundamental right, a citizen s health entails his/her total physical, mental and social wellbeing and is based on the definition of human needs and their fulfillment, a role that is assigned to the representatives of the public authority. In order to evaluate the performance of such a role the evolution of habits and customs related to personal hygiene is studied as well as the solutions found in the course of times to dispose of and treat human wastes. The discussion is on the social transformations derived from the industrialization process and the emergence of a working class which starts to occupy the urban fabric under insalubrious spaces and conditions, giving rise to the dissemination of epidemic diseases and the damaging of the social body, forcing the State to take over the people s health. In S?o Paulo, the lack of timing of public policies with the socio-economic and cultural development of the population as well as the fast growth of the city result in a metropolis of extreme contrasts in terms of infrastructure, income distribution and access to education, health, work, housing, and transportation. These contrasts can be identified in the field research carried out with 360 workers not based in the central area of the city, in an effort to delineate the solutions they found to satisfy their personal hygiene when not in their houses. From the analysis of the management of the public restrooms services, offered by the municipal authorities, in public grounds of the city center, and from the experience of previous managers, and especially those from the Subway Railway, due to the similarity with this study in relation to location, demand and utilization of their restrooms, we try to characterize the existing challenges for the improvement of the ways to provide these services. / No decorrer do seu processo civilizat?rio, os agrupamentos humanos d?o conta de respostas diversas ? quest?o dos locais de satisfa??o das necessidades fisiol?gicas, de seu escoamento e saneamento. Esta monografia tem por escopo o exame desse tema e como objeto de estudo os sanit?rios p?blicos em logradouros da ?rea central da cidade de S?o Paulo (Subprefeitura S?) e seus usu?rios, especificamente os trabalhadores sem base fixa aqueles que exercem alguma atividade econ?mica nessas vias. A express?o higiene pessoal ? usada para as fun??es fisiol?gicas de defeca??o e mic??o e a??es de asseamento. Como direito fundamental, a sa?de implica o completo bem-estar f?sico, mental e social do cidad?o e baseia-se na defini??o das necessidades humanas e sua satisfa??o, papel este atribu?do aos representantes do poder p?blico. Para avaliar o desempenho desse papel, estuda-se a evolu??o dos h?bitos e costumes relacionados ? higiene pessoal e as solu??es encontradas ao longo dos tempos para escoar e tratar os dejetos humanos. Discorre-se sobre as transforma??es sociais advindas do processo de industrializa??o e do surgimento de uma classe oper?ria que passa a ocupar o tecido urbano em condi??es e espa?os insalubres, originando a dissemina??o de doen?as epid?micas e preju?zos ao corpo social, o que for?a o Estado a assumir a sa?de do povo. Em S?o Paulo, o descompasso das pol?ticas p?blicas com o desenvolvimento socioecon?mico e cultural da popula??o e o crescimento acelerado da cidade gera uma metr?pole de contrastes extremos em termos de infra-estrutura, distribui??o de renda e acesso ? educa??o, sa?de, trabalho, moradia e transporte. Tais contrastes podem ser identificados na pesquisa de campo realizada com 360 trabalhadores sem base fixa da regi?o central da cidade, em que se procura delinear as solu??es por eles encontradas para satisfa??o da higiene pessoal fora da resid?ncia. A partir da an?lise da gest?o dos servi?os de sanit?rios p?blicos em logradouros do centro da cidade, oferecidos pelo poder municipal, e do conhecimento da experi?ncia de outros gestores, especialmente do Metr?, em virtude da similaridade com este estudo em rela??o ? localiza??o, demanda e utiliza??o dos seus sanit?rios, busca-se caracterizar os desafios existentes para melhoria dessa presta??o de servi?os.