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Shadows of the past: chances and problems for the Herero in claiming reparations from multinationals for past human rights violations.Grofe, Jan January 2002 (has links)
The current situation regarding the accountabilty of transnational corporations, using the lawsuit of the Herero community of Namibia against two German corporations that were involved in the German colonial enterprise that killed approximately 80% of the Herero tribe was explored.
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Shadows of the past: chances and problems for the Herero in claiming reparations from multinationals for past human rights violations.Grofe, Jan January 2002 (has links)
The current situation regarding the accountabilty of transnational corporations, using the lawsuit of the Herero community of Namibia against two German corporations that were involved in the German colonial enterprise that killed approximately 80% of the Herero tribe was explored.
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A delicate balance : equality, non-discrimination and affirmative action in Namibian constitutional law, as compared to South African and U.S. constitutional lawCassidy, Elizabeth Ann Kandravy 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (LLM)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis examines the constitutional law of equality, non-discrimination and
affirmative action in Namibia, and compares it to that of South Africa and the United
States. Namibian judicial interpretation in these areas seeks to balance the need to
safeguard the internationally recognized human rights that the Namibian Constitution
guarantees with the need to ensure that Namibian constitutional law is seen as
grounded in Namibia's historical experience and culture. This latter imperative
derives from the Namibian Constitution's origins in an international negotiation
process, which has led to some popular criticism of the Constitution as foreign and
imposed. As a result, Namibian courts have been careful to ensure that reliance on
foreign precedent (where there is no local authority) does not diminish the
Constitution's unique character and its suitability to the Namibian situation. To that
end, the Namibian courts have given great weight to the role of current Namibian
societal values in constitutional interpretation. In the areas of equality, nondiscrimination
and affirmative action, Namibian courts have generally followed the
South African approach, except with respect to discrimination on the basis of sexual
orientation. The author concludes that the adoption of the South African approach
generally makes sense for Namibia, and specifically criticizes the Namibian courts'
approach to sexual orientation discrimination.
The statutes enacted in Namibia to carry out the Constitution's equality and nondiscrimination
guarantees, including in the area of affirmative action, are also
considered. While these statutes have not yet been subject to judicial interpretation, it
seems likely that future cases presenting issues arising under these statutes will
necessitate the same balancing referred to above.
The thesis begins with an overview of each Constitution's textual treatment of
equality, non-discrimination and affirmative action, and a discussion comparing the
background and basic structure of the three Constitutions. It then focuses on the
judicial and legislative interpretation of the concepts of equality and nondiscrimination
in Namibia, as compared to that in South Africa and the US.
Following that, the author discusses the judicial and legislative interpretation of the
concept of affirmative action in Namibia, also as compared to that in South Africa and
the United States. The thesis ends with the author's conclusions and some predictions
as to how the Namibian courts might rule on certain issues that seem likely to arise in
these areas in the future. / LLM Tesis deur Elizabeth Kandravy Cassidy, '''n Delikate Balans: Gelykheid,
nie-diskrimnasie en gelykberegtiging in Namibiese staatsreg - 'n vergelykende
studie met Suid-Afrikaanse en Amerikaanse Staatsreg" (2002)
Hierdie tesis ondersoek die staatsregtelike beskerming van gelykheid, niediskriminasie
en gelykberegtiging in Namibië in 'n regsvergelykende studie van Suid-
Afrikaanse en Amerikaanse staatsreg. Namibiese geregtelike interpretasie op hierdie
gebied poog om 'n balans te handhaaf tussen die behoefte om internasionaal erkende
menseregte deur die Namibiese grondwet te waarborg en die behoefte om te verseker
dat die grondslag van die Namibiese staatsreg soos gevestig in sy geskiedenis en
kultuur behoue bly. Laasgenoemde beweegrede spruit voort uit die feit dat die
Namibiese grondwet sy oorsprong te danke het aan 'n internasionale
onderhandelingsproses, wat gelei het tot die algemene siening dat die grondwet
vreemd is en nie uit eie geledere afgedwing word nie. Gevolglik steun die Namibiese
howe met omsigtigheid op buitelandse presedente (waar daar geen plaaslike gesag is
nie) met die oog op behoud van die grondwet se unieke karakter en gepastheid binne
die Namibiese konteks. Met hierdie doel voor oë, plaas die Namibiese howe in
grondwetlike interpretasie, groter klem op die rol van kontemporêre
gemeenskapswaardes in Namibië. Op die gebied van gelykheid, nie-diskriminasie en
gelykberegtiging volg die Namibiese howe oor die algemeen die Suid-Afrikaanse
benadering, behalwe in die geval van diskriminasie op grond van seksuele oriëntasie.
Die skrywer kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat die toepassing van die Suid-Afrikaanse
benadering in die algemeen sinvol is binne die Namibiese konteks and kritiseer die
Namibiese howe se benadering tot diskriminasie op grond van seksuele orientasie.
Die wetgewing wat in Namibië uitgevaardig is om die grondwetlik gewaarborgde
gelykheid en nie-diskriminasie, insluitend gelykberegtiging te verseker word ook
ondersoek. Alhoewel hierdie wetgewing nog nie aan geregtelike interpretasie
onderwerp is nie, blyk dit dat toekomstige uitsprake waar die wetgewing ter sprake
kom ook die balansering van hierdie belange sal noodsaak.
Die tesis begin met 'n oorsigtelike bespreking van die benadering tot gelykheid, niediskriminasie
en gelykberegtiging van die onderskeie grondwette en 'n
regsvergelykende bespreking van die agtergrond en basiese struktuur van die drie
grondwette. Vervolgens fokus die tesis op die geregtelike interpretasie van die
beginsels van gelykheid en nie-diskriminasie in Namibië, in vergelyking met Suid-
Afrika en die Verenigde State. Daarna bepreek die skrywer die geregtelike en
wetgewende interpretasie van die beginsel van gelykgeregtiging in Namibië, ook in 'n
regsvergelyking met die Suid-Afrikaanse en Amerikaanse posisie. Die tesis sluit af
met die skrywer se gevolgtrekkings en 'n paar voorspellings oor die moontlike
benadering wat die Namibiese howe in die toekoms sal volg tot sekere regskwessies
wat in hierdie vakgebied kan voorkom.
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