The main goal of this work is to research the accentuation in the “Grammar of the Lithuanian language” to analyse the words which contravene with the standards of modern accentuation. The attention is being paid as well to the morphonological principles of accentuation. There are not many detailed research works of this kind. Nevertheless, more language specialists appear now analysing the accentuation of the standard language based on the morphonological principles. The accentuation of the majority of nouns, given in the Grammar of the Lithuanian language is according to the rules of standard language. 257 words of different parts of speech are discussed in the work. The words for analysis were selected only those the accentuation of which controverse with accentutaion rules of the standard language or they have accent variations. Two accentuation tendencies of these words showed up: mostly (193 words) it was according to the accentuation of the period, given in the DŽ1, or it is based on the dialects (64 words), though it is not pointed out. The accentuation of some words can be proof‘s faults. The words given in the first volume of Grammar of the Lithuanian language are grouped into chapters according to word formation principles. Systematized and grouped material was described according to normative and morphonological aspects. The accentual power of the words collected is shown in formulas, schemes, discussed according to the morphonological principles of stressing... [to full text]

Knowledge is often tacit and "sticky", i.e. highly context-specific and therefore costly to transfer to a different setting. This paper examines the methods used by firms to facilitate cross-site knowledge sharing by "thinning" knowledge, that is, by stripping knowledge of its contextual richness. An interview-based study of cross-site knowledge sharing in three industries (consulting, industrial materials, and high-tech products) indicated that highly developed knowledge-sharing systems do not necessarily involve extensive codification and recombination of personalized knowledge. Many multinational firms evidently conceive their knowledge-sharing systems with more modest objectives in mind than any large-scale "learning spirals" featuring iterative conversion of personalized knowledge into codified knowledge and vice-versa. A typology of knowledge-thinning systems was derived by interpreting the field study results from the perspective of knowledge-thinning methods used in earlier eras of history. The typology encompasses topographical, statistical and diagrammatic knowledge-thinning systems. (authors' abstract)

In the world we live in transfer of technology is of a great importance. The primary ‎means of technology transfer is by imitating and making copies. However, there are ‎cases where copying is impossible or prohibited. In those cases, technology transfer ‎involves contracting. Those agreements may contain both transfer of codified and tacit ‎knowledge. Technology transfer agreements, containing tacit knowledge, have special ‎characteristics due to the presence of the know-how, and to the need to transfer it. ‎ In this paper, I explore the special measures of technology transfer agreements ‎containing tacit knowledge. I explain why general contract law does not address ‎properly those challenges. I elaborate on the current solutions to these problems, ‎adopted both by the parties and by legislatures, as well as their difficulties. Eventually, I ‎propose possible solutions, either to the legislature or to the judiciary, in order to ‎address those issues in a better way.‎

In the world we live in transfer of technology is of a great importance. The primary ‎means of technology transfer is by imitating and making copies. However, there are ‎cases where copying is impossible or prohibited. In those cases, technology transfer ‎involves contracting. Those agreements may contain both transfer of codified and tacit ‎knowledge. Technology transfer agreements, containing tacit knowledge, have special ‎characteristics due to the presence of the know-how, and to the need to transfer it. ‎ In this paper, I explore the special measures of technology transfer agreements ‎containing tacit knowledge. I explain why general contract law does not address ‎properly those challenges. I elaborate on the current solutions to these problems, ‎adopted both by the parties and by legislatures, as well as their difficulties. Eventually, I ‎propose possible solutions, either to the legislature or to the judiciary, in order to ‎address those issues in a better way.‎

Despite the volume, growth, and accessibility of documented knowledge – the insights and experiences stored on paper and in electronic form - management research has yet to demonstrate the same usefulness for documented knowledge as that found in knowledge residing in human sources. This dissertation explores two areas of potential for documented knowledge, suggesting the efficacy of a piece of documented knowledge is contingent not only on content, but upon the style and structure associated with that content. Style, how cognitively 'concrete' and affectively 'memorable' documented knowledge is perceived to be, is hypothesized to affect how much attention it draws and, in turn, to impact its transfer to users. Structure, reflecting the level of parsimony and modularity in documented knowledge, is hypothesized to impact attention to and manipulation of knowledge such that it affects knowledge transfer and creation. Hypotheses were tested in two laboratory studies using scientific research as an exemplar of documented knowledge. Results indicated that style was associated with documented knowledge, but was not related to its transfer. Likewise, structuring documented knowledge for greater parsimony and modularity did not improve knowledge transfer or knowledge creation. Shortcomings of the empirical tests are evaluated and possibilities for future improvements are discussed.