The adverb is the indeclinable and not inflective part of speech, who denotes the attribute of act, state, characteristic and different factors of act and state (place, time, reason, purpose and etc.). The adverb has the distinctive word-formation and derivation. Also the adverb has the distinctive accentuation. The accentuation of adverbs takes on a whole new dimension – morphonological dimension. Lithuanian language has the free accent, because of it morphonological features of morphemes determine the place of accent. There is an intensive interest in the frequency of different units of language now. Users has the possibility to use the Electronic Frequency Dictionary now. The base of this master‘s work are adverbs from Common Press Words of the 20th century: Electronic Frequency Dictionary (2004). There were more than 1200 adverbs in Electronic Frequency Dictionary. The derivatives of suffix -ai make about 67% of them. The mostly usable adverbs are these: dar, čia, dabar, daug, gerai, kaip, taip, daugiau, kur, kiek, ten, taip pat, vėl, jau, labai, todėl. The accentual domination of word-formation formants and the features of morphemes of underlying words determine the accentuation of adverbs derivatives. The accentual power of theme of underlying words and flexions and the attraction of flexions determine the accentuation of phrases (these phrases became adverbs) and the accentuation of other single adverbs. The short adverbs have the accent of underlying words.

The system of stressing pronouns is describing based on accentual characteristic of five morphemes. Three main – accentual might, accentual classification and accent, other – intonation and attraction – are subsidiary accentual characteristics of morphemes. Stressing of pronouns has no sixth – characteristic of vowel gradation. Accentual classification of primary pronouns is based on linguistic and pragmatic factors. There are three main stressing types: stable, unstable and individual. Almost for all primary pronouns, with few exceptions, characteristic weaker stem. Many primary pronouns has distinctive stressing. Primary pronouns are the most frequent. The most frequent pronoun in Lithuanian language is pronoun he. It is used different forms. Derivatives are classified taking into account formants of formation or accentual characteristics of other affixes. Between suffixal pronouns prevail strengthening and weakening stressed suffixes. Suffixal pronouns have suffixes of several types. From the respect of use suffixal pronouns are rare than primary, frequent pronouns are only few. Ending and compound pronouns are only few. It is rather hard to establish their regularity of accentual characteristics. For stressing pronouns it is important their component junction of morphemes. Stressing of pronouns, which grow together, depends on accentual characteristic of primary words. Many of pronouns, which grow together, are used very rare. The components of combinational pronouns... [to full text]

The main goal of this work is to research the accentuation in the “Grammar of the Lithuanian language” to analyse the words which contravene with the standards of modern accentuation. The attention is being paid as well to the morphonological principles of accentuation. There are not many detailed research works of this kind. Nevertheless, more language specialists appear now analysing the accentuation of the standard language based on the morphonological principles. The accentuation of the majority of nouns, given in the Grammar of the Lithuanian language is according to the rules of standard language. 257 words of different parts of speech are discussed in the work. The words for analysis were selected only those the accentuation of which controverse with accentutaion rules of the standard language or they have accent variations. Two accentuation tendencies of these words showed up: mostly (193 words) it was according to the accentuation of the period, given in the DŽ1, or it is based on the dialects (64 words), though it is not pointed out. The accentuation of some words can be proof‘s faults. The words given in the first volume of Grammar of the Lithuanian language are grouped into chapters according to word formation principles. Systematized and grouped material was described according to normative and morphonological aspects. The accentual power of the words collected is shown in formulas, schemes, discussed according to the morphonological principles of stressing... [to full text]

Lietuvių kalboje vartojama nemaža skolinių, vadinamųjų tarptautinių žodžių. Bendrinė tarptautinė leksika – tai viena svetimos leksikos dalis. Visgi egzistuoja ir dar viena, ne mažiau svarbi ir aktuali tarptautinės leksikos dalis – kitų šalių (tarptautiniai) tikriniai žodžiai. Šiai leksikos daliai tirti ir skirtas šis magistro darbas. Darbo tema – kitų šalių tikrinių žodžių kirčiavimas „Visuotinės lietuvių enciklopedijos“ I tome (VLE I). Šio leksikos klodo kirčiavimo tyrimai gana skurdūs, lyginant su savos kilmės tikrinių žodžių grupėmis, todėl taisyklingam kirčiavimui būtinų žinotinų bendrųjų dėsningumų išskyrimas pravartus ir tikslingas. Apskritai ši leksikos dalis Lietuvoje nedaug tirta, taigi darbo tema šiuo atveju pasirinkta neatsitiktinai, yra gana aktuali. Tirti „Visuotinės lietuvių enciklopedijos“ I tomo (VLE I) pavyzdžiai. Šio darbo tyrimo objektas – kitų šalių tikriniai žodžiai – tam tikri nelietuviškos kilmės asmenvardžiai ir vietovardžiai (asmenvardžių dalis gerokai – kone du kartus – didesnė). Žodžių „Kita“, į kurią įeitų kiti nelietuviški tikriniai žodžiai, atsisakyta, kadangi tokių pavadinimų dažniausiai pateikiamos tik originalo kalbos formos, o darbe, remiantis lietuvių kalbos kirčiavimo sistemos dėsningumais, nagrinėjamos tik adaptuotos formos. Pagrindinis magistro darbo tikslas – nustatyti kirčiavimo paradigmas, ištìrti ir pateikti kitų šalių tikrinių žodžių kirčiavimo dėsningumus „Visuotinės lietuvių enciklopedijos“ I tome. Siekiama ne tik akcentuoti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Lithuanian language has many adopted words, they are called international words. Common international lexis – is one part of the foreign lexis. Also there is alike important part of international lexis – the proper words of foreign language. This paper of master degree is all about the proper words of foreign language. The goal of that essay is to research the proper words of foreign languages in the “Universal Lithuanian encyclopaedia” volume I (ULE I). That line of accentuation analysis is quit barren comparing to the groups of the native proper words. Therefore the exclusion of the consistency of the correct accentuation is useful and has its meaning and purpose. Mostly that part of lexis is very little researched in Lithuania. Accordingly to that fact has risen the purpose of writing the paper on such subject. Here were researched the examples of the “Universal Lithuanian encyclopaedia” volume I (ULE I). The subject of that research was the proper words of foreign language – some particular personal names and place-names (personal names were researched almost twice bigger part comparing to the place-names). Such words as „Other“, witch would include other foreign proper words were declined because the names of such words usually has the form of original language. In that work which is supported on the consistency of the accentuation in Lithuania language, was researched only adopted form of words. The main task of this paper of master degree is to set paradigms of the... [to full text]