Ce travail porte sur la modélisation et le dimensionnement des moteurs à aimants permanents et asynchrones destinés à la propulsion marine par POD. Un état de l’art est présenté, où les différentes topologies de moteurs pour ce type d’application y sont abordées. La Machine à aimants permanents et la machine asynchrone on été retenue pour notre application. Dans le cas de la machine à aimants permanents, une analyse par éléments finis est effectuée pour dimensionner la machine à aimants permanents et minimiser les principaux harmoniques de la FÉM. Un modèle éléments finis 2D en magnétostatique couplé à un modèle circuit est développé pour la prédiction des couples pulsatoires dues aux harmoniques du convertisseur. En ce qui concerne la machine asynchrone, Pour tenir compte des harmoniques d’espace et évaluer leurs pertes, un modèle électromagnétique utilisant la résolution par éléments finis 2D en magnétodynamique couplé à un modèle circuit est développé. Par ailleurs, un autre modèle basé sur le principe de couplage éléments finis- circuit électrique est développé pour tenir compte des harmoniques de temps du variateur, ce modèle permet d’évaluer à la fois les pertes dues aux harmoniques de temps, mais aussi des couples pulsatoires. Dans la phase de validation et vérification des différents calculs, nous avons utilisé l’outil Flux2D de calcul par éléments finis qui tient compte de la rotation du rotor (pas à pas dans le temps) et effectué certaines mesures (cas de la machine à aimants permanents). Les résultats des calculs obtenus par les modèles développés concordent avec ceux obtenus par la méthode temporelle (pas à pas dans le temps) et les quelques mesures dont nous disposons / This work concerns the modeling and the design of the permanent magnets and asynchronous motors intended for POD ship propulsion. A state of the art is presented, where various topologies of motors designed for this application are approached there. The permanent magnet motor and the induction motor have been chosen for the application. For the permanent magnets motor, a finite element analysis is adopted to design and minimize the main harmonics leading to a quasi sinusoidal back EMF. A finite element model coupled to an electrical circuit allows to predict both current and torque waveforms including time harmonics knowing the voltage waveform of the inverter. The induction motor is designed in such a way to have minimum losses and pulsating torque. For this purpose, a 2D complex finite element method coupled to an electrical circuit is developed. In addition, another 2D finite element-electrical circuit model is proposed to evaluate time harmonics losses and to reconstitute the current and torque waveforms. This model allows to predict the pulsating torques. The validation and verification step is done by using a time stepping finite element software Flux2D and some available measurements (for the permanent magnets motor). The comparison of the calculations obtained by the different methods and software, as well as the available measurements is satisfactory

This master thesis aims to develop a test methodology for electromechanical linear actuators. A linear actuator acts as a linear motor, converting a power source to linear motion. The electromechanical linear actuator in this project has an electric motor as its power source and uses a rack and pinion system to transfer that power to linear motion.  The test methodology is to impose a force onto the rack of the actuator, to ensure that operation under a load scenario is within specification. To accomplish this, the design of a test rig implementation is analyzed. The test rig consists of the test unit, which is to be tested, the load unit, which is to provide the load force, and a control system for the load unit. The load unit is another linear actuator and is controlled via a load cell. The load cell gives out the load force being applied, and the controller gives out the corresponding appropriate motor command to the load unit to ensure the load force is as desired. This analysis is done through simulation of the setup. Viable options for the setup were first analyzed in order to implement the deemed promising options for a setup into a simulation environment. The simulation environment in this project was Simscape, an extension of MATLAB’s Simulink. In simulation the parameters for the test rig were rigorously analyzed, in order to determine acceptable thresholds. The primary load unit tested was another electromechanical linear actuator from Cascade Drives, the model A-100-8P. Two secondary setups, one using the same model as being tested, and another setup using two of the models being tested. Simulation found that the suggested options’ applied load force have a poor rise time, large overshoot and substantial oscillation errors. The primary source for this was determined to be the latency between load cell input, and motor command output in the controller. The poor metrics from the result could lead to problems when emergency braking, and with a long honing period, which would render most test data unusable.