This dissertation addresses the challenges of translating the Contemporary Mexican crónica from Spanish into English. The crónica, being a type of nonfiction literature and possessing unique features particularly with regards to its ability to be read like a novel, presents distinctive challenges in translation. This dissertation looks closely at the particularities of translating Elena Poniatowska’s Amanecer en el Zócalo (Mexico: Planeta, 2007), a crónica based on the 2006 federal election in Mexico and the subsequent civil resistance movement inspired by the outcome. This dissertation addresses questions surrounding the translation of the crónica: What challenges are unique in translating this genre and why? Why are there so few crónicas translated into English? What decisions can the translator make in order to resolve these particular difficulties? In order to attempt to answer these questions, I first looked into the genre of the crónica and attempted to situate it within the Mexican system of literature and culture. The result found was that, based on some recent theories of systems in culture and translation, the crónica, as a genre of literature that always seeks to address current issues in society and foster positive social development, is in itself a vehicle for social change. I then looked at other crónicas that have been translated into English and compared other translators’ decisions to the ones I made—or have yet to make—within my own translation of Poniatowska’s text. Finally, in observing the ways in which the translator of the crónica tends to alter the genre of the text in translation, I showed how the text, in English, loses some of the defining characteristics of the crónica and serves a different purpose in the target culture—it educates the reader on past (and present) social issues in other cultures, and it appeals to a different type of audience in the target culture—it attracts readers interested in studying another culture rather than readers who feel an intimate connection with the crónica’s context.

This dissertation addresses the challenges of translating the Contemporary Mexican crónica from Spanish into English. The crónica, being a type of nonfiction literature and possessing unique features particularly with regards to its ability to be read like a novel, presents distinctive challenges in translation. This dissertation looks closely at the particularities of translating Elena Poniatowska’s Amanecer en el Zócalo (Mexico: Planeta, 2007), a crónica based on the 2006 federal election in Mexico and the subsequent civil resistance movement inspired by the outcome. This dissertation addresses questions surrounding the translation of the crónica: What challenges are unique in translating this genre and why? Why are there so few crónicas translated into English? What decisions can the translator make in order to resolve these particular difficulties? In order to attempt to answer these questions, I first looked into the genre of the crónica and attempted to situate it within the Mexican system of literature and culture. The result found was that, based on some recent theories of systems in culture and translation, the crónica, as a genre of literature that always seeks to address current issues in society and foster positive social development, is in itself a vehicle for social change. I then looked at other crónicas that have been translated into English and compared other translators’ decisions to the ones I made—or have yet to make—within my own translation of Poniatowska’s text. Finally, in observing the ways in which the translator of the crónica tends to alter the genre of the text in translation, I showed how the text, in English, loses some of the defining characteristics of the crónica and serves a different purpose in the target culture—it educates the reader on past (and present) social issues in other cultures, and it appeals to a different type of audience in the target culture—it attracts readers interested in studying another culture rather than readers who feel an intimate connection with the crónica’s context.

This dissertation addresses the challenges of translating the Contemporary Mexican crónica from Spanish into English. The crónica, being a type of nonfiction literature and possessing unique features particularly with regards to its ability to be read like a novel, presents distinctive challenges in translation. This dissertation looks closely at the particularities of translating Elena Poniatowska’s Amanecer en el Zócalo (Mexico: Planeta, 2007), a crónica based on the 2006 federal election in Mexico and the subsequent civil resistance movement inspired by the outcome. This dissertation addresses questions surrounding the translation of the crónica: What challenges are unique in translating this genre and why? Why are there so few crónicas translated into English? What decisions can the translator make in order to resolve these particular difficulties? In order to attempt to answer these questions, I first looked into the genre of the crónica and attempted to situate it within the Mexican system of literature and culture. The result found was that, based on some recent theories of systems in culture and translation, the crónica, as a genre of literature that always seeks to address current issues in society and foster positive social development, is in itself a vehicle for social change. I then looked at other crónicas that have been translated into English and compared other translators’ decisions to the ones I made—or have yet to make—within my own translation of Poniatowska’s text. Finally, in observing the ways in which the translator of the crónica tends to alter the genre of the text in translation, I showed how the text, in English, loses some of the defining characteristics of the crónica and serves a different purpose in the target culture—it educates the reader on past (and present) social issues in other cultures, and it appeals to a different type of audience in the target culture—it attracts readers interested in studying another culture rather than readers who feel an intimate connection with the crónica’s context.

Orientador: Antônio Roberto Esteves / Banca: Heloisa Costa Milton / Banca: Mário Miguel González / Resumo: O presente trabalho se trata de uma tradução comentada do romance Cómo se hace una novela (1927), do escritor espanhol Miguel de Unamuno (1864-1936). O romance, dentro do estilo particular de seu autor, constitui-se numa mistura de ficção, autobiografia e memórias, explicitando, ao mesmo tempo, a visão que seu autor tem do processo de criação literária e do gênero romanesco e as críticas que faz à situação política pela qual passa a Espanha no momento da escritura. A obra foi escrita na França, durante o período de exílio voluntário de Unamuno, logo após ter sido desterrado na Ilha de Fuerteventura por não estar de acordo com a Ditadura do General Primo de Rivera que governou o país entre 1923 e 1930. A tradução é antecedida por um breve ensaio introdutório que tem o objetivo de apresentar o escritor espanhol, e o contexto em que viveu e produziu sua ampla obra, ao leitor brasileiro, pouco familiarizado com sua literatura. / Abstract: This paper deals with a commented translation of the novel Cómo se hace una novela (How to make a novel-1927), by Spanish writer Miguel de Unamuno (1864-1936). The novel, considering the author's style, is a mixture of fiction, autobiography and memmories, showing, at the same time, the writer's view on literature creation process and on romance genre and his reviews of the political situation which Spain goes through during the writing time. The work was written in France, during Unamuno's voluntary exile time, right after he was banned from Fuerteventura Island by not agreeing with General Primo de Rivera's Dictatorship, this one ruled the country between 1923 and 1930. The translation is preceded by a small introductory essay introducing the Spanish writer, and the context he lived in and produced his wide range of materials to the Brazilian reader, not used to his literature. / Mestre

This dissertation addresses the challenges of translating the Contemporary Mexican crónica from Spanish into English. The crónica, being a type of nonfiction literature and possessing unique features particularly with regards to its ability to be read like a novel, presents distinctive challenges in translation. This dissertation looks closely at the particularities of translating Elena Poniatowska’s Amanecer en el Zócalo (Mexico: Planeta, 2007), a crónica based on the 2006 federal election in Mexico and the subsequent civil resistance movement inspired by the outcome. This dissertation addresses questions surrounding the translation of the crónica: What challenges are unique in translating this genre and why? Why are there so few crónicas translated into English? What decisions can the translator make in order to resolve these particular difficulties? In order to attempt to answer these questions, I first looked into the genre of the crónica and attempted to situate it within the Mexican system of literature and culture. The result found was that, based on some recent theories of systems in culture and translation, the crónica, as a genre of literature that always seeks to address current issues in society and foster positive social development, is in itself a vehicle for social change. I then looked at other crónicas that have been translated into English and compared other translators’ decisions to the ones I made—or have yet to make—within my own translation of Poniatowska’s text. Finally, in observing the ways in which the translator of the crónica tends to alter the genre of the text in translation, I showed how the text, in English, loses some of the defining characteristics of the crónica and serves a different purpose in the target culture—it educates the reader on past (and present) social issues in other cultures, and it appeals to a different type of audience in the target culture—it attracts readers interested in studying another culture rather than readers who feel an intimate connection with the crónica’s context.

Ao retornar à Itália em 1942, após alguns anos no Brasil lecionando na Universidade de São Paulo, Ungaretti foi nomeado professor de literatura na Universidade de Roma. Apesar de alguns percalços posteriores relativos a tal nomeação, Ungaretti permaneceu na universidade até se aposentar, e alguns de seus alunos, assim como ocorreu no Brasil, acabaram por formar vínculos mais fortes com o poeta. Um desses alunos foi Leone Piccioni, filho de Attilio Piccioni, um dos fundadores do partido Democrazia Cristiana e mais tarde ministro e senador. Em 1945 Leone Piccioni, vindo da Universidade de Florença e portando uma carta de apresentação de Giuseppe De Robertis, encontrou-se com Ungaretti, quando então discutiram os possíveis temas da tesi di laurea de Piccioni. Foi a partir de então que Ungaretti e Piccioni começaram a trocar cartas. Ambos moravam em Roma e, embora se encontrassem com bastante frequência e sempre conversassem pelo telefone, Ungaretti sentia necessidade de escrever para Piccioni após ter refletido a respeito de alguma discussão. A correspondência teve início em julho de 1946 e terminou em maio de 1969 tendo Ungaretti morrido em junho de 1970. Essas cartas foram publicadas em um volume na Itália, Lallegria è il mio elemento, em 2013, e nos mostram um Ungaretti mais preocupado com a construção da sua carreira e da sua vida profissional. A análise dessas cartas nos traz novos elementos da vida de Ungaretti que contribuem para uma compreensão mais aprofundada do poeta e de sua obra. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é selecionar, traduzir e contextualizar cartas constantes de tal volume, apresentando quatro aspectos da construção da sua persona pública e profissional que se sobressaíram dessa análise: a chiara fama (ou notório saber), a busca pelo Nobel, o poeta injustiçado e o poeta festejado. / After returning to Italy in 1942, having spent a few years in Brazil teaching at University of São Paulo, Ungaretti was appointed professor of literature at University of Rome. Despite some later obstacles related to such appointment, Ungaretti remained at the University until his retirement, and some of his students, as in Brazil, ended up by creating stronger bonds with the poet. One of these students was Leone Piccioni, son of Attilio Piccioni, one of the founders of the party Democrazia Cristiana, and later minister and senator. In 1945 Leone Piccioni, coming from University of Florence and having a letter of introduction from Giuseppe De Robertis, met Ungaretti to discuss possible subjects of Piccionis tesi di laurea. It was from then on that Ungaretti and Piccioni started to write each other. Both lived in Rome and, though they often met and always talked on the phone, Ungaretti felt the need of writing to Piccioni after having considered some discussion they had. The correspondence started in July 1946 and ended in May 1969, having Ungaretti died in June 1970. These letters were published in Italy in a book called Lallegria è il mio elemento, in 2013, and show us an Ungaretti that is more concerned with the development of his career and professional life. The analysis of these letters gives us new elements of Ungarettis life that contribute to a deeper understanding of the poet and his work. Thus, the purpose of this work is to select, translate and provide the context of letters included in such book, presenting four aspects of the construction of his public and professional persona that stood out in this analysis: chiara fama (widely recognized erudition), search for the Nobel prize, the wronged poet and the celebrated poet.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-11-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:00:17Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 amaral_r_me_assis.pdf: 514308 bytes, checksum: 2d2d0eb59ff177b2f331fcbfe17684a9 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho se trata de uma tradução comentada do romance Cómo se hace una novela (1927), do escritor espanhol Miguel de Unamuno (1864-1936). O romance, dentro do estilo particular de seu autor, constitui-se numa mistura de ficção, autobiografia e memórias, explicitando, ao mesmo tempo, a visão que seu autor tem do processo de criação literária e do gênero romanesco e as críticas que faz à situação política pela qual passa a Espanha no momento da escritura. A obra foi escrita na França, durante o período de exílio voluntário de Unamuno, logo após ter sido desterrado na Ilha de Fuerteventura por não estar de acordo com a Ditadura do General Primo de Rivera que governou o país entre 1923 e 1930. A tradução é antecedida por um breve ensaio introdutório que tem o objetivo de apresentar o escritor espanhol, e o contexto em que viveu e produziu sua ampla obra, ao leitor brasileiro, pouco familiarizado com sua literatura. / This paper deals with a commented translation of the novel Cómo se hace una novela (How to make a novel-1927), by Spanish writer Miguel de Unamuno (1864-1936). The novel, considering the author's style, is a mixture of fiction, autobiography and memmories, showing, at the same time, the writer's view on literature creation process and on romance genre and his reviews of the political situation which Spain goes through during the writing time. The work was written in France, during Unamuno's voluntary exile time, right after he was banned from Fuerteventura Island by not agreeing with General Primo de Rivera's Dictatorship, this one ruled the country between 1923 and 1930. The translation is preceded by a small introductory essay introducing the Spanish writer, and the context he lived in and produced his wide range of materials to the Brazilian reader, not used to his literature.

Topic of the thesis are selected short stories from the book Guerrillas (Gverilci, 2004) by the Slovene writer Polona Glavan. The first part introduces the writer and her work. It focuses on the literary historic classification of her works as well. It explains the movement of minimalism in art and its appearance in the literature. The last topic of this part is the Slovene generation of minimalists. The second part of the thesis contains the main theme - commented translation of the selected short stories. It means the text analysis of stories and analysis of the selected problems connected with the process of translation. There are presented steps which have been used as well. The thesis is mainly focused on the appearance of minimalism in texts by Polona Glavan and the suitable translation of them to the Czech language.

This theses will pay attention to a commented translation of selected short stories of contemporary Croatian author Julijana Matanović from her storybook Zašto sam vam lagala. The first part of the theses will be focused on a introducing of the author and her literary production including her place in the context of Croatian literature. The second, essential, part will contain the translation of the selected short stories into Czech language. In the third part will be sketched the translating process, there will be also described the applied translation methods. Here will be also concretely analysed some translatological problems. In the language side, the work will be reviewed with the Czech language possibilities. There would be also the comparison with the already existing German translation of the storybook.

The goal of this diploma thesis is to create an annotated Czech translation of a literary text. Specifically, the selected three short stories from the collection Ideoluzije (2015) by a Slovenian writer Jasmin B. Frelih. The stories chosen for translation are De Nachtwacht, Vrabci and Pritisk konca. The first part of the thesis briefly introduces the author and his work. The main focus of the work is the translation of selected short stories and creating a professional commentary. The theoretical-practical part deals with individual phenomena that may be problematic in translation, such as neologisms, vulgarisms, interjections, etc. The theoretical interpretation is supported by examples from the short stories. This thesis aims to clarify translation procedures and methods as well as to present solutions to the problems mentioned.