Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-10-04T23:03:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoelmaDaSilvaSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 871768 bytes, checksum: ea7d55c0815981862907bc0386df818b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-10-16T19:24:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoelmaDaSilvaSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 871768 bytes, checksum: ea7d55c0815981862907bc0386df818b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-16T19:24:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoelmaDaSilvaSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 871768 bytes, checksum: ea7d55c0815981862907bc0386df818b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-18 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Objetivou-se avaliar as caracter?sticas estruturais e o desempenho animal em pastos de capim-massai manejado com dois n?veis de intercepta??o de luz e duas alturas de p?s-pastejo, sob lota??o intermitente. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: 90/15; 95/15; 90/25; 95/25. Os animais foram manejados pelo m?todo de pastejo intermitente, com taxa de lota??o vari?vel. O in?cio do per?odo de ocupa??o dos piquetes foi determinado pelo n?vel de intercepta??o de luz pelo dossel, e o final pela altura p?s-pastejo. Foram avaliadas a massa de forragem total no pr? e p?s-pastejo, as porcentagens de participa??o dos constituintes morfol?gicos, as taxas de ac?mulo de forragem, o consumo total de mat?ria seca, o ganho de peso vivo m?dio di?rio e o ganho de peso vivo total. O comportamento ingestivo dos ovinos foi avaliado em intervalos de cinco minutos, determinando-se o tempo despendido em pastejo, rumina??o, ?cio (minuto) e taxa de bocado (bocado/minuto). N?o houve diferen?as significativas para o per?odo de ocupa??o dos piquetes com m?dia de 11 dias. Os pastos manejados com as combina??es 90/15, 90/25 e 95/25 apresentaram maiores porcentagens de folhas no pr?-pastejo. N?o houve diferen?a entre tratamentos e ciclos de pastejo para o ac?mulo e taxa de ac?mulo de forragem com m?dias de e 6344,9 kg/ha e 116,4 kg/ha.dia respectivamente. Houve efeito de ciclo para o peso final dos ovinos. Houve efeito das combina??es de frequ?ncias e intensidades de pastejo para o ganho m?dio di?rio, os maiores ganhos foram observados nos animais mantidos nos pastos com 90/15, 90/25 e 95/25 (137, 153 e 154 g dia-1, respectivamente). A taxa de lota??o n?o diferiu entre os manejos com m?dia de 49.7 cabe?as (30kg) ha-1. Houve efeito de comportamento dos ovinos para tempo de pastejo, rumina??o, ?cio e taxa de bocados. O manejo do pastejo do capim-massai para ovinos em sistema intermitente que promove melhor desempenho animal e maior efici?ncia de utiliza??o da forragem est? associado ao n?vel de intercepta??o de luz e altura de p?s-pastejo de 90/15, 90/25 e 95/25. / The objective of this study was to evaluate the structural characteristics and the animal performance on capim-massai grass pastures under two light interception levels and two post-grazing canopy heights under intermittent stocking. Treatments were: 90/15; 95/15; 90/25 and 95/25. Intermittent grazing method and variable stocking rate were used to manage the grazing animals. The animals start grazing the paddocks was determined by the canopy?s light interception level and the end of grazing by the post-grazing canopy height. Total forage mass before and post-grazing, percentages of morphological plant constituents, forage accumulation rates, total dry matter intake, average daily live weight gain and total live weight gain were evaluated. The ingestive behavior of the sheep was evaluated at five minutes intervals to measure the time spent in grazing, ruminating, idling (minute) and bite rate (bites / minute). There was no significant difference for rotation period of paddocks with 11 days in average. The pastures managed with the 90/15, 90/25 and 95/25 combinations showed higher leaf percentages in pre-grazing. There was no difference between treatments and grazing cycles for total and rate of forage accumulation with averages of 6,344.9 kg / ha and 116.4 kg / ha.day, respectively. There was a grazing cycle effect for the final weight of the sheep. There were effects of frequency combinations and grazing intensities for the average daily gain, the highest gains were observed in the animals grazing pastures with 90/15, 90/25 and 95/25 (137, 153 and 154 g day -1, respectively). The stocking rate did not differ between treatments with a mean of 49.7 head (30kg/head) ha -1. There was an effect of sheep behavior for grazing time, rumination, idling and bite rates. The grazing management of capim-massai for sheep on an intermittent stocking systems that promotes better animal performance and greater efficiency of forage utilization is associated to light interception level and post-grazing canopy height of 90/15, 90/25 and 95/25.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:34:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoVEN_DISSERT.pdf: 2633777 bytes, checksum: a59b41665f97067cdafb895c7d67745c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / He aim of this study was to evaluate the structural characters, herbage accumulation, nutritive value and performance of sheep in different tropical pastures. The treatments were two cultivars and two of the genera Panicum Brachiaria pastures under intermittent stocking and variable stocking rate, in the rainy season. We evaluated the masses and the components of herbage pre grazing in two layers, and after grazing. Chemical analyzes were made of the stems and leaf blades pre grazing in two layers. We used 48 male sheep and whole for the assessment of individual weight gain and area, and anestrous females to adjust the stocking rate. In the cv. Massai showed the highest herbage mass, leaf blades and dead material, and the largest volume density and leaf blade: stem pre grazing. There was no difference among cultivars for the percentage of leaf blade (PLB) in both strata, but the higher the PLB was higher than the bottom. The highest percentage of dead material (PDM) was observed in cvs. Massai and Marandu in the two strata. In cvs. Massai and Piat? were observed lower levels of crude protein in stem and leaf. In stratum 0-25 cm lower nutritional value was observed in the stem in the leaf blades did not grant the nutritional value among the strata. Herbage mass, leaf blade, PLB and proportion of stem in the residue of the Massai pastures were higher than cv. Aruana. There was no difference for efficiencies in harvest leaf and stem between the cultivars. The cv. Massai got the higher accumulation of leaf per cycle per day. Animals kept in grass swards Aruana had the highest average daily gain. The higher stocking rates and earnings per area were observed in grass swards and Marandu Massai. The cultivars are suitable for sheep meat production in the rainy season / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os caracteres estruturais, o ac?mulo de forragem, o valor nutritivo e o desempenho de ovinos em diferentes pastagens tropicais. Os tratamentos constitu?ram em duas cultivares dos g?neros Panicum e duas de Brachiaria, manejadas sob lota??o intermitente e taxa de lota??o vari?vel, na ?poca das ?guas. Foram avaliadas as massas e os componentes da forragem no pr? pastejo em dois estratos, e no p?s pastejo. Foram feitas an?lises bromatol?gicas dos colmos e das l?minas foliares no pr? pastejo em dois estratos. Utilizou-se 48 ovinos machos e inteiros para a avalia??o do ganho de peso individual e por ?rea, al?m de f?meas em anestro para ajuste na taxa de lota??o. Na cv. Massai foram observadas as maiores massa de forragem, de l?minas foliares e de material morto, al?m da maior densidade volum?trica e rela??o l?mina foliar:colmo no pr? pastejo. N?o houve diferen?a entre as cultivares para o percentual de l?minas foliares (PLF) em ambos os estratos, por?m o PLF no superior foi maior que no inferior. O maior percentual de material morto (PMM) foi observado nas cvs. Massai e Marandu nos dois estratos. Nas cvs. Massai e Piat? foram observados os menores teores de prote?na bruta no colmo e na l?mina foliar. No estrato de 0 25 cm foi observado menor valor nutritivo no colmo, nas l?minas foliares o valor nutritivo n?o deferiu entre os estratos. A massa de forragem, de l?mina foliar, PLF e propor??o de colmo no res?duo dos pastos de Massai foram superiores aos da cv. Aruana. N?o houve diferen?a para as efici?ncias na colheita de l?mina foliar e colmo entre as cultivares estudadas. A cv. Massai obteve os maiores ac?mulos de l?mina foliar por ciclo e por dia. Os animais mantidos em pastos de capim Aruana obtiveram os maiores ganhos m?dios di?rios. As maiores taxas de lota??o e ganhos por ?rea foram observadas nos pastos de capim Massai e Marandu. As cultivares testadas s?o adequadas a produ??o de carne ovina na ?poca das ?guas