The Acentropinae represents a species-rich crambid group with more than 700 species distributed in all the zoogeographic regions except Antarctica, and the highest diversity occurs in the Oriental, Indo-Autralian and Neotropical regions. Most caterpillars of Acentropinae are widely adapted to feed on vegetation in different types of aquatic environments, such as ponds, streams and rivers. However, some of them are known to utilize mosses on land. Therefore the evolutionary relationships between the terrestrial and aquatic lineage become intriguing. The genus Paracymoriza Warren, 1890, is a moderate-sized acentropine genus comprising 39 species ranging throughout southeast and east Asia. Historically the genus was often confused with many unrelated genera due to the superficial resemblance in wing maculation, which is termed the ¡§nymphuliform wing pattern¡¨. The genus is currently divided into 8 species groups, with 5 of them known having aquatic immature stages, while the others having terrestrial immatures. The fact that Paracymoriza includes both truly aquatic and terrestrial species represents a unique case for the Lepidoptera, thus making the monophyly of the genus doubtful. In the present study, a phylogenetic hypothesis Paracymoriza was reconstructed by using morphological characters including wing pattern and immature stage characters obtained from 63 species representing 25 acentropine genera. The results suggest that Paracymoriza is monophyletic. The genus is composed of two major clades: one aquatic, and the other terrestrial. It suggests that Paracymoriza represents a unique example with amphibious immature stage in the Lepidoptera although the tree support values of this phylogenetic hypothesis remains relatively weak due to large amount of homoplasious characters.

Development in VoIP technology is connected with the rapid growth of quality and data rate of the Internet connection. The application of the VoIP technology has become one of the key areas in telecommunication and networking. The main task of this thesis was to explore the questions of IP telephony and voice transmission over data networks according to H.323, SIP and Cisco architectures. Next focus was on designing and implementing experimental workplaces of mentioned architectures and their converged solutions. The purpose of the first chapter is to introduce the theory background of architectures required for implementation of real-time services in data networks and their comparison. The key objectives of the second and third part are to design and implement experimental workplaces containing signaling and proxy servers and hardware or software IP phones of several architectures. Illustration examples of different network topologies are included to demonstrate designed and realized VoIP solutions. Several tests of established communication are done using a packet analyzer. These tests examine duplex data transmission over IP. This article also contains two laboratory exercises designed according to gained practical experiences. The laboratory exercises provide an overview of theory and clearly indicate the possibilities of IP telephony.

Whatever country gives up its currency and adopts the currency of the common union, has to count on some impacts. The country loses its exchange rate convergential channel and the convergency is running throught the inflation. The level of the inflation pain depends on the difference in the economic level between those two areas, i.e. Hungary and the European Union. If Hungary adopts euro, it would lead to high inflation and numerous shocks due to Hungarian low level of convergency and different monetary policy transmission mechanism. Hungary has no chance to avoid adoption of euro in the log run, but if it keeps forint for at least a few years, Hungary can expect a tolerable inflation, more natural convergential process and the possibility to use its own monetary policy, which in Hungary is based right on the exchange rate channel of monetary transmission.

This diploma paper put mind to the standing comparism of the "small" and "big" states of the European Union. First part of the paper spy to member state 's political influence. The second part deal the economical comparism of the member states.

disertační práce Petr Semecký Česká národní banka, právní postavení a náplň činnosti 5 Abstract A. Objectives The main goal of the dissertation "The Czech National Bank, legal status and content of activity" is to quantify, qualify and draw as exact as possible conclusions about some aspects of the development, status and activities of the Czech National Bank in the future. To solve this task, the author has used in the introduction of this work three following key questions: 1. What are the implications for the Czech National Bank of the new bodies supervising the financial markets at european level? 2. What are the benefits and negatives of adopting the euro for the Czech Republic and should the Czech Republic actually join the European Monetary Union? 3. What impact will have the amendment of the Capital Adequacy Directive (the "Basel II") on the activities of the Czech National Bank? B. Methods By creating this work was used a wide range of research methods to ensure that there will be drawn conclusions with the best possible informative value. It is possible to mention particularly the method of recherche, abstraction, comparison and synthesis. C. Sources As the most important sources used by creating the work can be mentioned ecpecially, scientific publications, monographs, articles published...