"The volume includes an introduction by Emil Haury who places the work along Cienega Creek in historical perspective. . . . Eddy and Cooley's work stands as an excellent example of multidisciplinary research in archaeology."—American Antiquity

A study of the life history and secondary production of Caenis latipennis, a caenid mayfly, was conducted on Honey Creek, OK. from August 1999 through September 2000. The first instar nymph was described. Nymphs were separated into five development classes. Laboratory egg and nymph development rates, emergence, fecundity, voltinism, and secondary production were analyzed. C. latipennis eggs and nymphs take 132 and 1709 degree days to develop. C. latipennis had an extended emergence with five peaks. Females emerged, molted, mated, and oviposited in an estimated 37 minutes. Mean fecundity was 888.4 ± 291.9 eggs per individual (range 239 -1576). C. latipennis exhibited a multivoltine life cycle with four overlapping generations. Secondary production was 6,052.57 mg/m2/yr.

The distribution of Lahontan cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi was assessed in a high-desert stream in southeastern Oregon where beaver Castor canadensis are abundant. Longitudinal patterns of beaver ponds, habitat, temperature, and Lahontan cutthroat trout age group distribution were identified throughout Willow Creek. Three distinct stream segments were classified based on geomorphological characteristics. Four beaver-pond and four free-flowing sample sections were randomly located in each of the three stream segments. Beavers substantially altered the physical habitat of Willow Creek increasing the depth and width of available habitat. In contrast, there was no measurable effect on water temperature. The total number of Lahontan cutthroat trout per meter was significantly higher in beaver ponds than free-flowing sections. Although density (fish/m��) showed no statistically significant (P<0.05) increase, values in beaver ponds were two-fold those of free-flowing sections. Age-1 and young-of-the-year trout were absent or in very low numbers in lower Willow Creek because of elevated temperatures, but high numbers of age-2 and 3 (adults) Lahontan cutthroat trout were found in beaver ponds where water temperatures reached lethal levels (>24��C). Apparently survival is greater in beaver ponds than free-flowing sections as temperatures approach lethal limits. / Graduation date: 2003

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 253 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Earl F. Epstein, Dept. of Natural Resources. Includes bibliographical references (p. 228-238).

A field guide is always a handy, but rare, little document, especially for a secondary educator. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to research, develop, write and present this document, for the Landels-Hill Big Creek Reserve. The University of California Natural Reserve System oversees thirty-six multi-acre, natural reserves. One part of the overall mission of these reserves is an educational outreach program in which curriculum is made available to the school systems. The curriculum is to be used to educate the students about each specific reserve area, to engage students in learning about their environment and to create an awareness of the need for conservation of wild areas. The final products from this research are a secondary-level geology guidebook, for students, with suggested classroom and in-field lessons, specifically written for the Landels-Hill Big Creek Reserve, Big Sur, California, along with a revised and updated geologic map of the Reserve and a teaching rock collection, for use at the Reserve. / text

No description available.

OWRT Project No. A-069-ARIZ / Agreement No. 14-34-0001-6003 / Project dates: July 1975-September 1977 / Acknowledgement: The work upon which this report is based was supported by funds provided by the United States Department of the Interior, Office of Water Research and Technology, as authorized under the Water Resources Research Act of 1978. / A water resources management study for the Sonoita Creek watershed was conducted in order to develop a usable water resources management plan for the area and to resolve possible conflict among the different water demands in the basin. These water demands are classified as municipal and domestic, recreation and agriculture. Six potential water resources management alternatives are developed and compared using the standardized cost -effectiveness methodology. This approach enables thorough and efficient comparison of the alternatives with respect to both quantifiable and unquantifiable criteria. Each alternative considers developing either the ground water or the surface water resources of the watershed. Also, each alternative considers some method of treated sewage effluent disposal. The algorithm ELECTRE I is used to select the most suitable plan for the watershed. This procedure is used because of its simplicity and its proven usefulness in analyzing multiobjective decision problems. With the available information on the ground and surface water resources of the watershed, the choice of alternatives is reduced to one, namely, construction of a small reservoir at Redrock Canyon. Evaporation control measures are needed in order to reduce evaporation losses from the reservoir. The reservoir would serve as a supplemental source of water for the town of Patagonia and for the Sonoita Creek Sanctuary. v

No description available.

A water quality study was conducted on Big Duck Creek and Little Duck Creek near Elwood, Indiana during the summer, autumn and winter of 1978 - 1979 and compared to measurements made in 1938.Samples were analyzed for dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, ammonia, total coliform bacteria, hydrogen ion concentration and temperature. Significant differences in concentrations were observed for each environmental parameter measured in 1979 when evaluated on a basis of sampling location. With the exception of dissolved oxygen concentrations, the effect of stream volume on the concentration of environmental parameters was in most instances small.When the up and downstream stations were compared, a definite decrease in water quality was noted. The dissolved oxygen concentrations decreased as the water flowed through the city. Due to increased organic loading, the biochemical oxygen demand increased in the downstream area.Elwood increased the suspended solids level of Big Duck Creek. Agricultural and urban runoff together with untreated sewage discharges significantly increased the suspended solids level within the inner city region. Dilution by treated sewage as well as cleaner water from Little Duck Creek help reduce the suspended solids level in the downstream location. Relatively high ammonia concentrations were observed in the upstream portions of the creeks. This was apparently related to farm practices. The higher readings of ammonia were noted after animal manure was spread on the fields along the stream. The downstream levels were also high. This was probably due to ammonia in the effluents of the sewage treatment plant. In contrast, only small changes in the hydrogen ion concentration was observed throughout the creek.The number of total coliform bacteria increased in the center of town because of a sewer bypass into the creek. Below Elwood the concentration of bacteria decreased due to dilution with disinfected effluents from the sewage treatment plant.Except for a noticeable increase in biochemical oxygen demand and ammonia, the Elwood sewage treatment plant effluent together with flow from Little Duck Creek appears to improve Big Duck Creek's condition as it leaves the city to join White River.Significant differences were observed between measurements made in 1938 and 1978 - 79. Results of the study showed a significant improvement in water quality of Big Duck Creek since 1938. This was probably due to the construction of Elwood's wastewater collection system and sewage treatment plant in the 1940s.However, there was still degradation of water quality within the city due to untreated wastewater discharges. Consequently, emphasis should be focused on the inner city problem since Elwood residents would be in the proximity to this area. / Department of Natural Resources

The Prairie Creek Reservoir, located in east central Indiana in an agricultural watershed, serves as a secondary drinking water source as well as a recreational facility. Limited research of water quality performed at the reservoir has affected management decisions over the past years, threatening its future.. Consequently, additional investigation was necessary to examine the reservoir dynamics, and continue to provide data to determine long-term water quality trends. Basic water quality parameters were measured using a Hydrolab Sonde, nutrients were measured spectrophotometrically, and a Secchi disk was used to determine water transparency. The Prairie Creek Reservoir was categorized as an eutrophic water body. Concentrations of the measured nutrients were higher in the hypolimnion and increased as summer progressed. Concentration of ammonia and soluble reactive phosphorus exceeded the recommended water quality guidelines. Increased concentration of phosphorus has resulted in nitrogen limitation in the reservoir. Internal loading of nutrients, especially phosphorus, was found to deteriorate water quality. Dissolved oxygen concentrations varied vertically and anoxic conditions frequently reached 50% of the total reservoir depth. Reservoir restoration and watershed protection programs need to address internal P load and nitrogen limitation to prevent development of toxic algal blooms and eutrophication in the future. / Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management