<p> Saving lives is the highest priority of catastrophic disaster response. Fundamental to catastrophic earthquake planning efforts is the integration of life-saving federal urban search and rescue capabilities. Four U.S. West Coast State / FEMA joint catastrophic earthquake plans were analyzed and compared for the inclusion of critical federal urban search and rescue requirements. Significant gaps in specific critical search and rescue capabilities information were identified in the quantitative analysis. The planning gaps may decrease the deployment response time of life-saving resources into the incident area. Further analysis indicates a potential national shortfall in the determination of specific requirements in other State / FEMA joint plans, which could potentially delay lifesaving search and rescue activities. Federal urban search and rescue capabilities are ready to support survivors, but identifying time-critical search and rescue teams and equipment ready for rapid deployment into the incident area to save lives remains a challenge.</p><p>

<p> This project examines correctional officer misconduct in the United States and how to detect and prevent it from occurring. The author did a content analysis of available literature regarding misconduct incidents in attempt to narrow the causation factor(s) to its existence. With the lack of empirical data regarding misconduct, the author was able to reference other criminal justice entities to provide educational knowledge on prevention, detection and to determine the causation factor(s). The author provides several examples of prevention and detection techniques. With prevention and detection techniques at the fore front of this project, the author was able to determine that ineffective supervision is the causation factor to correctional officer misconduct in United States jails and prisons.</p><p>

<p>The technological advances in surveillance over the past 20 years have been astounding and are used in both the private and public sectors progressively each day. The extent of technological advances and the impact on our society seem almost reflective of something out of a work of science fiction. This study involves a qualitative content analysis of three early 20th century dystopian novels and news articles from newspapers such as The Guardian, that display current events pertaining to surveillance, including NSA surveillance methods leaked by Edward Snowden. The study relies upon macro sociological constructs, specifically formal social control to explain the social control imposed by our current government with the use of surveillance methods. Upon examination of the novels and news articles, it is revealed that there is a parallel between the novels and our current society which suggests that we live in a surveillance state. The importance of this study is to educate the public on data collection, analysis, and storage involved in the surveillance process. By showing that our current society is a surveillance state, this study expresses the importance of safeguarding our privacy, liberties, and civil rights as a means of reducing governmental social control.

<p>The effect of self-control on one?s criminal offending is a product of both an individual?s capacity to exercise self-control as well as their desire to exercise self-control. The present study utilized self-report data gathered at a large urban university in Florida (n=1,307) to test the independent and interactive effects of control-capacity and control-desire on intimate partner violence perpetration. The study suggests that while both capacity and desire for control have effects on one?s likelihood of reporting IPV, these effects are independent of each other.

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The law pertaining to capital punishment in Canada saw significant changes during the 1960-70 period and culminated in 1976 with the abolishment of capital punishment and its replacement with life sentences for what is known now as first and second degree murder. Individuals incarcerated for these "life sentences" have created a complex managerial dilemma for correctional officials. This study showed that institutions that house long term offenders were indeed disproportionately involved in incidents of violence however it was unclear as to whether that was due to the presence of long term inmates or other factors. This relationship became further in doubt when the second hypothesis revealed that short term not long term inmates were disproportionately involved in incidents of violence and escapes. This finding was consistent with other research done in this area. Finally, a number of distinguishing characteristics were found amongst the long term offender population which might begin to provide a basis for which to predict institutional behavior. Not surprisingly, the distinguishing factors related primarily to age at time of offence and previous convictions and incarcerations. A system of dispersal-concentration appears to most accommodate the findings that the data provides. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Parce que nous croyons que l'émergence de la psychiatrie dans les procédures judiciaires a fait surgir des débats concernant la clientèle d'une part et les méthodes d'interventions d'autre part; nous avons cru pertinent d'aller vérifier, auprès des professionnels en santé mentale communautaire, la dynamique actuelle entourant le partage d'une clientèle entre deux systèmes sociaux. Alors que le débat est déjà engagé en ce qui concerne le traitement des justiciables, notre recherche suscite une réflexion tant au niveau des difficultés dans le traitement psychiatrique de la clientèle judiciarisé, que dans les procédures pénales en matière de sentences. Problème de motivation et traitement coercitif, sont en quelque sorte le pivot qui nourrit le discours des intervenants en psychiatrie. À la recherche d'une cause interne de la maladie, les thérapeutes semblent passer à côté du problème. Si l’on ne peut déterminer la source de la maladie, la psychiatrie se trouve alors devant une impasse. Ayant interrogé quelques thérapeutes en santé mentale, nous avons découvert qu'effectivement, les traitants se retrouvent devant le dilemme de satisfaire les exigences de deux systèmes sociaux différents. Quoique le chevauchement du système médical et du système pénal soulève quelques points litigieux, il semble que les intervenants se sont toutefois adaptés aux procédures actuelles. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)