De nombreux champignons peuvent présenter des instabilités phénotypiques. Chez le champignon filamenteux modèle Podospora anserina, la dégénérescence cellulaire épigénétique Crippled Growth (CG) se caractérise par un ralentissement de la croissance, une pigmentation altérée, un défaut de production de fructifications et d’hyphes aériens. CG est dû à un élément C, infectieux et cytoplasmique, produit durant la phase stationnaire. Deux types de mutants ont été isolés au laboratoire : les mutants IDC, incapables de présenter CG, et les mutants PDC développant plus fréquemment CG. Les premiers ont été particulièrement étudiés et ont permis d’identifier plusieurs acteurs impliqués dans CG : la voie MAPK PaMpk1 et son auto-activation est au coeur du système, la voie MAPK PaMpk2, le complexe NADPH oxydase Nox1 et d’autres petites protéines participent aussi à la régulation de CG en activant la voie PaMpk1. Les travaux présentés ici caractérisent pour la première fois deux mutants PDC : les mutants PDC2205 et PDC2209. PDC2205 est affecté dans le gène PDC1 et code pour une protéine, PDC1, conservée chez les ascomycètes. Cette protéine module CG en inhibant la voie PaMpk1. L’étude du mutant PDC2209, quant à elle, a permis d’identifier un cluster très particulier nommé cluster 2209. Ce dernier code d’une part pour les constituants de la boucle d’activation de PaMpk1, et d’autre part pour des répresseurs de cette boucle. Ces deux types d’éléments, activateurs et répresseurs, semblent s’organiser en au moins deux systèmes toxine/antitoxine. Par ailleurs, ce cluster s’est conservé chez les Sordariales et les Chaetosphaeriales, même s’il présente une histoire évolutive très particulière, subissant de nombreux réarrangements. Ce cluster est donc très important mais sa fonction reste inconnue. / Many fungi display epigenetic instability. In Podospora anserina, the epigenetic cell degeneration “Crippled Growth” (CG) is characterized by slow growth, alteration of pigmentation and inability to differentiate fructifications and aerial hyphae. CG is due to a cytoplasmic and infectious element called C produced during stationary phase. Two types of CG mutants were isolated: IDC mutants impaired in the development of CG and PDC mutants promoting the development of CG. The former have been well studied and all mutants are affected in the MAPK1 pathway, the MAPK2 pathway, the Nox1 NADPH oxidase complex, or in small cysteine-containing proteins probably involved in signal transduction. Here, we present for the first time an analysis of two PDC mutants, the PDC2205 and the PDC2209 strains. PDC2205 is mutated in the PDC1 gene and encodes the PDC1 protein which is conserved in most Ascomycota. This protein regulates CG by inhibiting the PaMpk1 pathway. As for the mutant PDC2209, its analysis has allowed to identify the cluster 2209. This cluster encodes the component of the activation loop of the PaMpk1 and the repressors of the loop. These two types of elements, activators and repressors, seem to be organized in two toxin/antitoxin systems. Besides, this cluster is conserved in the Sordariales and the Chaetosphaeriales with a very specific evolutionary story. So, this cluster is very important, but its function is still unknown.

The research problem undertaken was to study how effective the University of Oregon Medical School –Crippled Children’s Division Clinic is by determining how well patients followed through on Clinic recommendations. Three research hypotheses were posed for testing. (1) There is a difference between income and the following of Clinic recommendations. (2) There is a difference between educational levels of fathers and mothers and the following of Clinic recommendations. (3) There is a difference in the level of I.Q. of patients and the following of Clinic recommendations. A random sample of 100 cases was selected from the patients who had been through the Clinic prior to January, 1968. Case records were abstracted from the files of the University of Oregon Medical School –Crippled Children’s Division, prior to personal interviews in the homes with the families using a standard questionnaire. The X² was used in testing the hypotheses and the findings resulted in no statistical difference between the three variables and the criteria of following recommendations. Therefore the null hypotheses were accepted.

<p> This dissertation deals with the problems associated with the design and construction of communication aids for children with cerebral palsy. Attention is focused on an electronic communication board developed at the Ontario Crippled Children's Centre in Toronto which displays a matrix of Bliss symbols and English words that can be selected by appropriate activation of an interface which controls the sequential illumination of the symbol blocks. A number of interfaces were constructed. Appropriate electronic switching arrangements were incorporated with the interfaces in order to achieve activation of the interface upon the initiation of a movement rather than the maintaining of a position. The communication board was interfaced to a PDP 11-10 minicomputer which was used to provide a dual output of the word and associated Bliss symbol, selected using 'interface control, on a teletype and oscilloscope screen respectively. </p> <p> Descriptions of associated communication type devices include an electronic attention getting device, page-turner interface, and programmed learning board. </p> / Thesis / Master of Engineering (MEngr)

In working with the disabled and/or handicapped person it is necessary to consider all aspects of social functioning if realistic goals are to be reached in the rehabilitation process. It is recognized that if the family can give interest and support to that member of the family who is disabled and/or handicapped, and agrees to participate in rehabilitation planning that the effect will be helpful. The dichotomy of this study sample is made between those patients living alone and those patients living with some member of their family. The null hypothesis of this study is that there are no differences between the observed and expected frequencies on eleven items of descriptive, social, and clinical information as revealed in the distribution of data for thirty-four adult physically disabled and/or handicapped patients who live with some member of their family and thirty-six adult physically disabled and/or handicapped patients who live alone, which could not occur by chance. / Typescript. / "June, 1961." / "Submitted to the Graduate School of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Social Work." / Advisor: Merle M. Foeckler, Professor Directing Study. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-55).