by Sou Meng Kei, Yu Cheng Yuan, Yung Yin Ting, Evelyn. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [83-85]). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.iii / ACKNOWLEGMENTS --- p.iv / TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.v / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Literature Review --- p.2 / Objectives --- p.4 / Definition of Terms --- p.4 / Background Information --- p.6 / Secondary School in Hong Kong --- p.6 / Existing Guidelines on School Crisis Management --- p.8 / Common Crisis-prone Teenage Problems in Hong Kong --- p.9 / Recent School Crises in Hong Kong --- p.10 / Significance of Study --- p.11 / Chapter II. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.12 / Research Design --- p.12 / Description of the Sample --- p.13 / Definition of Grouping Items --- p.14 / Definition of Constructs and Their Relationship --- p.16 / Chapter III. --- LIMITATION --- p.18 / Chapter IV --- DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION --- p.20 / General Findings --- p.20 / Comparative Findings --- p.34 / Additional Statistical Findings --- p.50 / Chapter V --- RECOMMENDATIONS & IMPLICATIONS --- p.52 / Chapter VI --- CONCLUSION --- p.57 / APPENDIX / BIBLIOGRAPHY

Organizations are in today’s business society faced with an increasing number of crises. The knowledge about how to manage a crisis has become an important tool for competitive advantage. The question is no longer if or when an organization will experience a crisis, but rather in what form and how prepared it is when a crisis actually occurs. The many networks of today’s business society make organizations even more vulnerable to the possibility of indirectly being affected by a crisis. This paper focuses on the banking industry as banks form an important part of many business networks. Furthermore, focus is put on the immediate form of a crisis and specifically robberies. The immediate crisis reflects the importance for an organization to be prepared as the immediate crisis by its nature gives little or no warning, following that it is more difficult to prevent these types of crises. The banking industry is often discussed in terms of stability and security whereas the crisis brings instability and uncertainty and challenges the organization’s structure. The purpose of this thesis is to understand how and why crisis management concerning robberies is implemented within a bank organization. This paper looks into the current theories discussed in the literature and the field of crisis management, the authors have chosen a qualitative approach and have performed a number of interviews, both with internal and external parties. Through the research performed the conclusion was drawn that the bank organization is very professional in their handling of crisis management concerning robberies. The bank has identified the importance of having a well prepared plan as a crisis situation such as robbery occur and the policies on crisis management concerning robberies has, for an extensive time period, continuously been processed and developed. The policies developed include all aspects of a crisis, both educational program in the Pre-crisis stage, aspects to consider and how to act when a robbery occurs, and also how the organization responds in the Post-crisis stage. The bank organization has in their approach chosen to a great extent to handle the work with crisis management internally. It was concluded that, since the bank organization has, during an extensive period of time, identified the risk of being robbed as a constantly relevant issue, the policies has been processed and developed repeatedly to cover all aspects of a crisis. The implementation of the policies is in the Pre-crisis and Crisis stage performed without any flexibility as they are explicit in their design and covers every aspect of a crisis. Contrary, the implementation in the Post-crisis stage has a more flexible approach as the Crisis group is working with people that experiences a situation of trauma. It is acknowledged that the bank organization is following the different stages of crisis in their policies, dividing the responsibility of the implementation of crisis management in each and every stage.

<p>Organizations are in today’s business society faced with an increasing number of crises. The knowledge about how to manage a crisis has become an important tool for competitive advantage. The question is no longer if or when an organization will experience a crisis, but rather in what form and how prepared it is when a crisis actually occurs.</p><p>The many networks of today’s business society make organizations even more vulnerable to the possibility of indirectly being affected by a crisis. This paper focuses on the banking industry as banks form an important part of many business networks. Furthermore, focus is put on the immediate form of a crisis and specifically robberies. The immediate crisis reflects the importance for an organization to be prepared as the immediate crisis by its nature gives little or no warning, following that it is more difficult to prevent these types of crises. The banking industry is often discussed in terms of stability and security whereas the crisis brings instability and uncertainty and challenges the organization’s structure.</p><p>The purpose of this thesis is to understand how and why crisis management concerning robberies is implemented within a bank organization. This paper looks into the current theories discussed in the literature and the field of crisis management, the authors have chosen a qualitative approach and have performed a number of interviews, both with internal and external parties.</p><p>Through the research performed the conclusion was drawn that the bank organization is very professional in their handling of crisis management concerning robberies. The bank has identified the importance of having a well prepared plan as a crisis situation such as robbery occur and the policies on crisis management concerning robberies has, for an extensive time period, continuously been processed and developed. The policies developed include all aspects of a crisis, both educational program in the Pre-crisis stage, aspects to consider and how to act when a robbery occurs, and also how the organization responds in the Post-crisis stage. The bank organization has in their approach chosen to a great extent to handle the work with crisis management internally. It was concluded that, since the bank organization has, during an extensive period of time, identified the risk of being robbed as a constantly relevant issue, the policies has been processed and developed repeatedly to cover all aspects of a crisis. The implementation of the policies is in the Pre-crisis and Crisis stage performed without any flexibility as they are explicit in their design and covers every aspect of a crisis. Contrary, the implementation in the Post-crisis stage has a more flexible approach as the Crisis group is working with people that experiences a situation of trauma. It is acknowledged that the bank organization is following the different stages of crisis in their policies, dividing the responsibility of the implementation of crisis management in each and every stage.</p>

Purpose - The purpose of this thesis is to provide recommendations for commercial organizations when managing crises. By examining the ongoing operations of health care organizations the thesis will investigate the application of a similar structure toward commercial organizations. Background - In the globalized a fast paced reality we operate in it is essential for organizations to be prepared for the unthinkable. This have been illustrated not only in reality, but also empathized by a vast amount of researchers. A survey made by Steelhenge, an international consultancy, argues that organizations are not sufficiently prepared for crises. Researchers have also notified this lack of crisis preparedness within organizations. We argue that being crisis prepared is an essential factor and responsibility for commercial organizations in modern society. Method - In order to answer the research questions we have used a qualitative research method. The qualitative research method is further linked to the descripto-exploratory purpose, abductive reasoning and directed content analysis that provide a mixture of concept and data driven categories. We have conducted semi-structured, one-on-one interviews within health care organizations and commercial organizations. The respondents were chosen by a purposive and self-selecting sampling method. Conclusion - The empirical study suggests that there are learning’s to be considered for commercial organizations by applying health care organizations operational structure. What can be concluded is that health care organizations rely on coordination between individuals or teams to solve multi-functional issues. Commercial organizations would implement CMT’s to use a similar structure with all the essential factors for efficient coordination.

Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1989. / Also available in print.

CHDS State/Local / Fire service personnel are ideally suited to contribute to the concerted national effort of homeland security. If they intend to be an effective component of this effort then a revamping of existing preparedness activities must occur. This thesis will analyze the effectiveness of the Los Angeles Fire Departments counterterrorism efforts to date. The central argument is that much more needs to be accomplished in the area of prevention strategies. The way ahead will require an analysis of the impediments to change which continue to obstruct the department's progress toward preventative measures. Barriers discussed herein are leadership, firefighting culture, lack of training and educational opportunities, and ineffective use of community involvement. The citizens of the United States have benefited from awareness and prevention programs in the past. Three models were considered to determine which attributes could be extracted and used to construct the foundation for a terrorism prevention model. Frameworks used in some nationally recognized agendas were studied in order to draw information for the development of a terrorism awareness program for first responders. Relative to each of these issues, a recommended course of action specific to the LAFD will be outlined in considerable detail. / Captain, Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD)

CHDS State/Local / Past history and recent intelligence have shown that New York City (NYC), a critical node of the U.S. economy, is clearly in the terrorist's crosshairs. In order to reduce the probability, lessen the risk, and minimize the consequences of a Radiological Dispersion Device (RDD), or "dirty bomb," attack, NYC's first responders must be adequately prepared for its seemingly inevitable occurrence. This particular type of attack on NYC has the potential to create immense panic and confusion on behalf of the general public. Adding to the complexity of the problem is the notion that, since 9/11, the expected actions taken by employees in NYC high-rise office buildings in response to shelter-in-place instructions can be extremely difficult to predict. Therefore, a proposed public awareness campaign and a shelter-in-place plan are two cost-effective and easily implemented terrorism preparedness programs that would build the confidence and increase the capability of the citizenry. Since an RDD incident would likely result in a major inter-agency emergency operation, the unification of command, control, and coordination among NYC's first responder community is an essential element to its overall success. Hence, an informed and collaborative response by both public and private sector entities could potentially reduce casualties and save lives. / Deputy Chief, New York City Fire Department (FDNY)

Whether the school fence does have to be demolished? Whether the campus should open to the community? Although many kinds of possibilities about the campus security and the management topics will emerge after the openness of the campus, the issue has recently became one of the heated discussion subjects between schools and guardians. The school and community should show loving care mutually to face the essence of the question and to seek for multiple resources, and further to allow the community benefits from the openness of the campus, while the campus can also attain the true security. This research adopts the literature analysis, the campus security events, and the present campus environment examination discussions thorough interviewing in which participates were inspected primarily by themselves. The main purpose of this research lies in the understanding of the campus opening policy, the present campus security control mechanism and the whole development under the policy in order to create community area campus life. According to the results of this research, the campus opening policy gains a wide range of approval of the school security guards; however, it does not yet reach a common view about the non-fence of the campus for a variety of deficits and insufficient. The findings of this research suggest that the openness of the campus may increase the campus security maintenance. These suggestions can be applied for the educational administration institutions and the schools for further reference.

The purpose of this study is to discuss the current situations, differences and related situations of adversity quotient and campus crisis management for the educators in elementary schools. Based on the results of this research, we provided suggestions for the educational administration institutions, the elementary schools and the educators in elementary schools, and the related following researches could take those as reference material. In order to complete this study, the study starts with literature analysis, questionnaire survey, and collection and analysis of data. The questionnaire was performed on 400 elementary school educators in 39 elementary schools in Kaohsiung County. ¡§The questionnaire for adversity quotient¡¨ and ¡§The questionnaire for crisis management of elementary school¡¨ compiled by self were used as the tool for this study. We used software SPSS version 12 to run the statistically resultant such as t-test, one-way ANOVA, product-moment correlation and multiple regression analysis etc. According to the results of analyzed data, there are six conclusions shown below: 1.The adversity quotient of elementary school educators in Kaohsiung County is in the medium high range. However, it is easily effected other part of life due to the distress. 2.The elementary school educators in Kaohsiung County need to establish the conceptions of guidance and assistance for campus crisis management. 3.The elementary school educators in Kaohsiung County who are males, serve over 11 years, graduated from graduate school, administrative staffs, home-room teachers and had experience for handling crisis have higher adversity quotient. 4.The elementary school educators in Kaohsiung County who are males, serve over 6 years, graduated from graduate school, administrative staffs, home-room teachers and had experience for handling crisis perform much better in campus crisis management. 5.There is close relation between the level of adversity quotient and campus crisis management. 6.Adversity quotient can be the reference for projecting the ability of campus crisis management.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1987.