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The acute physiological responses of elite cross country skiers to exercise at sea level and moderate altitudeDaley, Phillipa J., n/a January 1999 (has links)
Nine Australian male cross country ski team members (19.8±2.5 years,
(X±SD),76.6±6.4kg, 184.8±4.9cm) completed both an incremental maximal exercise
test and a 45 minute time trial performance test using a dryland ski striding technique
with poles on a treadmill. Testing occurred at 610m in a chamber that was supplied
with either an 02 enriched (p02 = 152mmHg) or an N2 enriched (p02 = 132mmHg) gas
mixture to simulate sea level (SL) or 1800m (A) conditions respectively. A 48 hour rest
interval was provided between tests and the testing conditions were randomised,
counterbalanced and double blind. At maximum effort there were significant
differences in V02 max (70.2±4.0 v 61.7±2.9 ml.kg-1.min-1), PaO2 (97.2±12.7 v
77.1±11.2 mmHg) and SaO2 (90.6±4.9 v 77.8±3.9%); but not in HR (194.1±8.1 v
191.7±7.4 bpm), VE (133.1±12.8 v 132.6±11.3 L.min-1 STPD) or [La] (14.2±2.3 v
13.7±3.3 mM) at SL v A. There was a decrease of 7.6% in overall time trial
performance between the conditions (4005±378 v 3702±301 m, p = 0.08), although
performance was significantly lower at A during the latter period of the test, >25
minutes. During the steady state stage of the time trial performance test, (=75% SL
VO2 max) there were no significant differences between SL and A in any of VO2
(52.9±5.9 v 52.1±4.9 ml.kg-'.min-' at 15 minutes for SL and A respectively); HR
(173.1±12.8 v 176.1+10.1 bpm); or [La] (3.0±1.0 v 4.8±2.2 mM). However, there
was a significant reduction in PaO2 between SL (111.2±25.5 mmHg at 15 minutes) and
A (72.6±24.3 mmHg at 15 minutes), resulting in a significant reduction in SaO2
(96.6±1.1 v 84.6±6.8% at 15 minutes) between the conditions. At the end of each lap
of the variable workload stage of the time trial performance test there were significant
reductions in VO2 (65.3±6.9, 64.2±6.3 and 66.4±5.9 v 54.6±5.6, 56.0±4.6 and
57.9±3.2 ml.kg-'.min-1 at 25, 35 and 45 minutes at SL v A); and HR (190.1 ±9.2,
192.4±8.6 and 195.9±7.6 v 181.8±12.4, 186±8.1 and 189.6±9.2 bpm) under A
conditions. There were no significant differences in [La] at the end of each lap of the
time trial performance test between SL and A, although [La] did increase over time
during the test at both SL and A (6.2±2.0, 8.9±2.8 and 10.6±4.1 v 7.6±2.0, 8.4±2.2
and 9.9± 1.8 mM). At the end of each lap of the time trial performance test, there was a
significant reduction in PaO2 (120.9±24.4, 108.8±25.9 and 103.0±23.0 v 86.0±31.4,
94.9±22.3 and 71.1±3.2 mmHg); and SaO2 (94.6±2.4, 94.3±2.4 and 92.3±3.4 v
85.9±5.8, 84.3±6.4 and 81.7±6.1%) and both PaO, and SaO2 decreased over time
during the test at both SL and A. This study has indicated that as well as the extent of
hypoxia induced by altitude, both exercise intensity and duration may impact on the
magnitude of the response to sustained exercise at altitude, such as in cross country ski
racing.
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The effects of training on upper body power in female cross-country skiersDowning, Julie J. 04 June 2002 (has links)
Graduation date: 2003
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The effects of pole length variation on the skiing performance of elite cross-country skiers using V-skating techniques /Silletta, Thomas. January 1987 (has links)
No description available.
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The effects of wearing a cooling vest during the warm-up on long distance interval training /Tegeder, Andrew Robert, January 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.S.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Exercise Sciences, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 13-15).
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Effect of ski pole stiffness on upper body power output in cross-country skiersJacobson, Erik Andrew. January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (MS )--Montana State University--Bozeman, 2008. / Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Daniel P. Heil. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 47-51).
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A Study of Present Methods Used in the Training of Participants in the University of Texas State High School Cross Country MeetBriedwell, William E. 08 1900 (has links)
This study was conducted to investigate the methods which are presently being used to train boys for participation in the University of Texas State High School Cross Country Meet.
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The Relationship Between Hip Strength and Multiplanar Running Kinematics at the Hip and KneeHolmes, Victoria C. 19 June 2018 (has links)
No description available.
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The effects of pole length variation on the skiing performance of elite cross-country skiers using V-skating techniques /Silletta, Thomas. January 1987 (has links)
No description available.
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Impacts of snow compaction from human recreation on the biota of snowy regionsWhiteman, John P. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wyoming, 2008. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Jan. 7, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.
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Using PIRLS 2006 to Measure Equity in Reading Achievement InternationallyTrong, Kathleen Lucine January 2009 (has links)
Thesis advisor: Ina V.S. Mullis / Equity in educational outcomes, particularly reading, is an important policy issue in countries around the world. This dissertation used data from PIRLS 2006 to explore an approach to measuring equity in reading achievement internationally at the fourth grade. Relative risk ratios were selected as a measurement approach and were used to create a composite measure, the Relative Risk-Percentage (RRP) Equity Index, to compare equity in reading achievement across countries. This index was used to present the likelihood of scoring below the PIRLS 2006 Low International Benchmark for student groups that were traditionally at risk for low reading achievement compared to other students. The `at risk' student groups that were the focus of this study included those with low parental education, who spoke a language other than the language of instruction, who attended urban or rural schools, and who were boys. To complement the RRP Equity Index results, the relative likelihood of students scoring within the lower 20 percent of their country's reading achievement distribution was also presented. The results of these analyses showed that students with these characteristics were more likely than other fourth grade students to have low reading achievement in a number of the PIRLS 2006 countries. Overall, having parents with less than secondary education and not speaking the language of the test before starting school were associated with inequity in reading achievement in the largest number of PIRLS 2006 countries. As an example of how individual countries could further explore potential reasons for inequities in reading achievement highlighted by the RRP Equity Index, logistic regression models were built for Germany, Iran, and Romania. These models explored the extent to which statistically controlling for differences in resources could diminish the effect of being in an `at risk' group on reading achievement. In all three countries examined, resources explained a substantial proportion of the risk for low reading achievement. Though the logistic regression model results were country-specific, lacking books in the home was strongly associated with lower reading achievement in all three countries. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation.
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