Resumo: A couve comum (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC) pertence à família Brassicaceae e de provável origem a região mediterrânea, atualmente têm ampla distribuição nos cinco continentes, desenvolvendo-se bem em temperaturas amenas, entretanto resiste bem ao frio e a geadas leves. No Brasil, a produção está localizada predominantemente em pequenas áreas do centro-sul do Brasil. O consumo das brássicas está associado ao seu alto valor nutricional, como fonte de vitaminas, minerais e fibras, bem como na prevenção de certos tipos de câncer, além de suas folhas apresentarem altos teores de fibras, imprescindíveis para boa digestão. Dentre os fatores que podem comprometer a produção encontram-se o inseto-praga Plutella xylostella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), conhecida no Brasil como traça-dascrucíferas que ataca cultivares de couve, repolho, brócolis, cenoura e aipo. Seus danos são graves ao limbo foliar, chegando a comprometer economicamente a cultura, ocorrendo em todas as regiões produtoras de brássicas do país apresentando maiores populações em períodos quentes e secos. Nesse contexto, o trabalho teve por objetivos identificar genótipos de couve com fonte de resistência a P. xylostella determinando-se os tipos não-preferência para oviposição, alimentação e antibiose. Os testes de nãopreferência para alimentação foram realizados com os genótipos: Manteiga de Ribeirão Pires I-2620, Roxa I-919, Manteiga I-1811, Manteiga de São Roque I-1912, Gigante I- 915, Manteiga I-916, Crespa I-918, Manteiga de Ribeirão Pires I-2446, Crespa de Capão Bonito, Manteiga de Tupi, Manteiga de Jundiaí, Manteiga de Mococa, Manteiga de São José, Manteiga de Monte Alegre, Pires 2 de Campinas, Comum, Couve de Arthur Nogueira 2, Couve de Arthur Nogueira 1. Nestes experimentos realizaram-se testes com e sem chance de escolha ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC) belong to Brassicaceae family and probable origin the Mediterranean region and actually have large distribution in the five continents, developing in moderate temperatures, however it resists good the cold and the low frosts. In Brazil, the production is located predominantly in small areas of the center-south of Brazil. The consumption of the brássicas is associated with its high nutricional value, as vitamin, minerals and staple fibres, and can prevent certain types of cancer, beyond of high fibre value, necessary for good digestion. Amongst the factors that can compromise the production, have the pest Plutella xylostella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), recognized in Brazil how traçadas- crucíferas, attacking borecole, cabbage, broccolis, carrot and celery. Your damages are serious in the leaves, arriving to compromise the culture economically, occurring in all the producing regions of brássicas of the country presenting major population in hot and dry periods. In this context, the aim of this work to identify genotypes with resistance of the type antibiosis and no-preference to P. xylostella, and to determine the involved types of resistance. The tests of no-preference for feeding was realized with the genotypes: Manteiga of Ribeirão Pires I-2620, Roxa I-919, Manteiga I-1811, Manteiga of São Roque I-1912, Gigante I-915, Manteiga I-916, Crespa I-918, Manteiga de Ribeirão Pires I-2446, Crespa of Capão Bonito, Manteiga of Tupi, Manteiga de Jundiaí, Manteiga of Mococa, Manteiga of São José, Manteiga of Monte Alegre, Pires 2 of Campinas, Comum, Couve of Arthur Nogueira 2, Couve of Arthur Nogueira 1. Free-choice and nochoice tests possibility had been carried through, with larvae of first and fourth ínstar evaluates for 24 hours. It demonstrated less attractive and to be consumed by the feeding...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below) / Orientador: Arlindo Leal Boiça Junior / Coorientadora: Leila Trevizan Braz / Banca: João Carlos de Oliveira / Banca: José Roberto Sacarpellini / Mestre

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This thesis summarizes the documented information on the distribution of Cardamine dentata Schult. of the family Brassicaceae in the Czech Republic; it deals with the chromosome numbers and with ploidy levels of this species. Microsatellite markers were used to evaluate the potential relationships of C. dentata with other species of the group C. pratensis. Using a revision of available herbarium material it was found that the optimal conditions for the occurrence of C. dentata in the Czech Republic are in the phytogeographical regions of Thermophyticum and Mezophyticum at altitudes of 150-650 m a.s.l. No karyological data on this species were previously published from the area of the Czech Republic; using the flow cytometry and chromosomes counting it was revealed that in the area of the Czech Republic, populations with decaploid and undecaploid levels of ploidy occur. With help of microsatelite markers, it was confirmed that plants of C. dentata are genetically different from the other species of the C. pratensis group. Keywords: Cardamine, Cruciferae, microsatelite markers, chromosome numbers, geographical distribution, Czech Republic

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-12-03Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:33:52Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 tagliari_sra_me_jabo.pdf: 327924 bytes, checksum: fce7de7ea57c7ccfd242df4b023d97f0 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A couve comum (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC) pertence à família Brassicaceae e de provável origem a região mediterrânea, atualmente têm ampla distribuição nos cinco continentes, desenvolvendo-se bem em temperaturas amenas, entretanto resiste bem ao frio e a geadas leves. No Brasil, a produção está localizada predominantemente em pequenas áreas do centro-sul do Brasil. O consumo das brássicas está associado ao seu alto valor nutricional, como fonte de vitaminas, minerais e fibras, bem como na prevenção de certos tipos de câncer, além de suas folhas apresentarem altos teores de fibras, imprescindíveis para boa digestão. Dentre os fatores que podem comprometer a produção encontram-se o inseto-praga Plutella xylostella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), conhecida no Brasil como traça-dascrucíferas que ataca cultivares de couve, repolho, brócolis, cenoura e aipo. Seus danos são graves ao limbo foliar, chegando a comprometer economicamente a cultura, ocorrendo em todas as regiões produtoras de brássicas do país apresentando maiores populações em períodos quentes e secos. Nesse contexto, o trabalho teve por objetivos identificar genótipos de couve com fonte de resistência a P. xylostella determinando-se os tipos não-preferência para oviposição, alimentação e antibiose. Os testes de nãopreferência para alimentação foram realizados com os genótipos: Manteiga de Ribeirão Pires I-2620, Roxa I-919, Manteiga I-1811, Manteiga de São Roque I-1912, Gigante I- 915, Manteiga I-916, Crespa I-918, Manteiga de Ribeirão Pires I-2446, Crespa de Capão Bonito, Manteiga de Tupi, Manteiga de Jundiaí, Manteiga de Mococa, Manteiga de São José, Manteiga de Monte Alegre, Pires 2 de Campinas, Comum, Couve de Arthur Nogueira 2, Couve de Arthur Nogueira 1. Nestes experimentos realizaram-se testes com e sem chance de escolha... / The cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC) belong to Brassicaceae family and probable origin the Mediterranean region and actually have large distribution in the five continents, developing in moderate temperatures, however it resists good the cold and the low frosts. In Brazil, the production is located predominantly in small areas of the center-south of Brazil. The consumption of the brássicas is associated with its high nutricional value, as vitamin, minerals and staple fibres, and can prevent certain types of cancer, beyond of high fibre value, necessary for good digestion. Amongst the factors that can compromise the production, have the pest Plutella xylostella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), recognized in Brazil how traçadas- crucíferas, attacking borecole, cabbage, broccolis, carrot and celery. Your damages are serious in the leaves, arriving to compromise the culture economically, occurring in all the producing regions of brássicas of the country presenting major population in hot and dry periods. In this context, the aim of this work to identify genotypes with resistance of the type antibiosis and no-preference to P. xylostella, and to determine the involved types of resistance. The tests of no-preference for feeding was realized with the genotypes: Manteiga of Ribeirão Pires I-2620, Roxa I-919, Manteiga I-1811, Manteiga of São Roque I-1912, Gigante I-915, Manteiga I-916, Crespa I-918, Manteiga de Ribeirão Pires I-2446, Crespa of Capão Bonito, Manteiga of Tupi, Manteiga de Jundiaí, Manteiga of Mococa, Manteiga of São José, Manteiga of Monte Alegre, Pires 2 of Campinas, Comum, Couve of Arthur Nogueira 2, Couve of Arthur Nogueira 1. Free-choice and nochoice tests possibility had been carried through, with larvae of first and fourth ínstar evaluates for 24 hours. It demonstrated less attractive and to be consumed by the feeding...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) encompasses a spectrum of lymphoid progenitors that have undergone malignant transformation and clonal proliferation at various stages of differentiation. Some cases of ALL have been documented to have prenatal origins and in particular neonatal exposure to various environmental pollutants is associated with increased disease risk, including childhood lymphoma and leukemia. Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and in our laboratory has been established as a transplacental carcinogen in mice, producing aggressive T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas, lung, liver, uterine, ovarian, and testicular lesions, depending on timing and dose of exposure. Investigation of the transplacental and translactational transfer of DBC was warranted following a cross-foster experiment demonstrating the greatest tumorigenic response occurred in offspring both gestating in and nursed by an exposed female. [¹⁴C]-DBC (GD17) dosing was utilized to examine time-dependent alterations of [¹⁴C] in maternal and fetal tissues, excreta, and residual levels at weaning. Fetal tissue levels of [¹⁴C]-DBC equivalents were 10-fold lower than maternal tissue, and after weaning the residual body burden was roughly equivalent in offspring exposed only in utero or only via lactation. Certain bioactive food components, including indole-3-carbinol (I3C), 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), and sulforaphane (SFN) from cruciferous vegetables have been shown to target cellular pathways regulating carcinogenesis. In the above mentioned DBC initiated model of carcinogenesis, I3C is an effective transplacental chemopreventive agent. We sought to extend our chemoprevention studies in mice to a human neoplasm in cell culture, analogous to the observed murine T-cell lymphomas. Treatment of the human T-ALL cell line CCRF-CEM (CEM) with I3C reduced cell proliferation and viability only at supraphysiologic concentrations whereas DIM, the primary acid condensation product of I3C, had a marked effect at low micromolar concentrations in vitro and reduced growth of CEM xenografts in vivo. Additional T-ALL lines, selected to represent the heterogeneity of the disease, (CCRF-HSB2, Jurkat, and SUP-T1) responded similarly in vitro, demonstrating a potential therapeutic value of DIM in T-ALL. Given that epigenetic reprograming is especially active during fetal development and that DNA hypermethylation contributes to the etiology of T-ALL we examined genome-wide DNA methylation in CEM. Differential methylation analysis revealed that DIM and I3C alter CpG methylation in unique, yet overlapping, gene targets. DIM treated cells exhibited a dose-dependent decrease in hypermethylation, an observation consistent with an epigenetic mechanism of cancer suppression. Pyroseqencing and RTPCR technologies were utilized to validate changes in DNA methylation and to compare these patterns with a transcriptional response in both novel targets and candidate genes selected from the literature. Collectively, these studies merited returning to the murine transplacental model for further investigation of genetic and epigenetic changes upon maternal dietary intervention with I3C. More importantly we incorporated whole cruciferous vegetable diets (10% broccoli sprouts or 10% Brussels sprouts), SFN diet, or the combination of SFN and I3C, in order to examine matrix and mixture effects. Preliminary analysis suggests a worse prognosis for those animals exposed in utero to SFN or the whole foods, especially males. As this is the first study to administer SFN or whole cruciferous vegetables in a transplacental model of carcinogenesis, our results warrant further study on the concentration dependent influence of these potent phytochemicals during the perinatal window. / Graduation date: 2012