Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 170-178). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

One policy reaction of the Federal Reserve to the 2008 financial crisis was the extension of currency swap lines to various foreign central banks; this constituted the global transfer of billions of US dollars of wealth and exhibited the role of the US as a global lender of last resorts. Some have attempted to explain the supply of these lines as a function of risk mitigation for domestic US banks with foreign holdings, but no one has yet investigated the social dynamics of this phenomenon. In recognizing that the global demand for emergency liquidity was greater than the Federal Reserve’s supply, this paper investigates how the similarity of foreign central banks affected the selection of which banks would receive liquidity extensions. I calculate similarity scores to the US Federal Reserve for foreign banks which applied for liquidity extensions during the crisis. These scores measure the textual similarity of foreign central bankers’ speeches to those of the Fed, the institutional design similarity to that of the Fed, and the similarity of foreign central banks’ governors’ educational and professional backgrounds to those of the 2008 Federal Open Markets Commission members. I find that the similarity of foreign central banks to the US with regard to these three criteria offers a significantly stronger and statistically more robust answer to the question of what drove this decision process, and offer implications for international regulatory mechanisms to ameliorate this tendency toward social homophily.

隨著大陸地區的改革開放，在外資不斷湧入，經濟不斷成長的情況下，新金融商品在大陸之發展越來越茁壯；目前，大陸地區的新金融商品之發展，慢慢與國際接軌，朝金融多樣化的目標前進。本文分別列舉一個大陸地區的法人金融產品與個人理財產品為例，進行個案評價與分析。 在法人金融產品方面，本文以中國銀行發行的美元收匯保值方案為例，進行分析。此商品屬於換匯換利的一種，茲命名為區間利差匯率交換合約，並以cLFM為評價模型，配合參數化的校準方法，進行遠期利率的模擬。透過評價結果可知，雖然產品的條款設定較高的交換匯率，對投資人有利；但參考利率之走勢卻不利於投資人；因此，不論是投資人或機構法人購買此類商品時，應深入瞭解產品的條款與其涵義，從財務分析的角度思考購買產品的必要性。 在個人理財產品方面，本文以中國銀行發行的美元日進斗金商品為利，進行分析。本商品屬於組合式外幣存款的一種，以存入固定金額的外幣，做為本金；利息連動的部分，則係與歐元兌美元的每日多區間選擇權進行連動；投資人購買此商品除了可保本，更具有1%的保息效果。透過評價可知，由於條款設定較優，使得發行商的利潤較低，只有1.1996%的收益率，劣於同類型發行於台灣的產品。不過，大陸的地大物博、人口眾多，定期存款也高出台灣許多；故在早期，市場上同類型產品不多的情況下，發行商可靠著薄利多銷的方式，進行組合式外幣存款的銷售，藉由量的效果增加收益來源，並達到改善銀行外幣資產不足的目的。 目前，大陸地區出現結構型商品同質化嚴重的問題；因此，對我國的金融機構而言，若未來有意進軍大陸市場，應藉由我們已累積的金融服務經驗為基礎，在一片紅海市場中，從台灣經驗中建構出的藍海市場，朝亞太金融中心與籌資中心的目標前進。

In this study we analyse relationship between classical approach to valuation of linear interest rate derivatives and post-crisis approach when the valuation better reflects credit and liquidity risk and economic costs of the transaction on top of the risk-free rate. We discuss the method of collateralization to diminish counterparty credit risk, its impact on derivatives pricing, and how overnight indexed swap (OIS) rates became market standard for discounting future derivatives' cash flows. We show that using one yield curve to both estimating the forward rates and discounting the expected future cash flows is no longer possible in arbitrage free market. We review in detail three fundamental interest rate derivatives (interest rate swap, basis swap and cross-currency swap) and we derive discount factors used for calculating the present value of expected future cash flows that are consistent with market quotes. We also investigate drivers behind basis spreads, in particular, credit and liquidity risk, and supply and demand forces, and show how they impact valuation of derivatives. We analyse Czech swap rates and propose an estimation of CZK OIS curve and approximate discount rates in case of cross-currency swaps. Finally, we discuss inflation markets and consistent valuation of inflation swaps.