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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Efeito do pastejo e do momento de acesso ao pasto sobre a ingestão, o desempenho e a emissão de metano em vacas leiteiras / Effect of grazing and time of acces to the pasture intake, performanceand methods emissions in diary cows

Orsoletta, Aline Cristina Dall 22 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Claudia Rocha (claudia.rocha@udesc.br) on 2018-02-15T15:43:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCA16MA185.pdf: 387046 bytes, checksum: c4b42029e4e9bd31fb6f0967fb2fe202 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-15T15:43:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCA16MA185.pdf: 387046 bytes, checksum: c4b42029e4e9bd31fb6f0967fb2fe202 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-22 / Capes / The inclusion of pasture in dairy feeding systems based on a total mixed ration (TMR) reduces feed costs, benefits herd health and reduces environmental impact. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of ryegrass pasture (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) combined with a partial TMR or a TMR on the enteric methane emissions, dry matter intake (DMI), and performance of dairy cows from mid- to late lactation. The experimental treatments included 100% TMR (control), partial TMR + 6 h of continuous grazing (0900 – 1500 h) and partial TMR + 6 h of grazing that was divided into 2 periods of 3 h after milking (0900 – 1200 h; 1530 – 1830 h). Twelve F1 cows (Holstein × Jersey; 132 ± 44 days in milk) were divided into 6 lots and distributed in a 3 × 3 Latin square design with 3 periods of 21 d (15 d of adaptation and 6 d of evaluation). Ryegrass pasture was used, and the TMR was composed of 80% corn silage, 18% soybean meal, and 2% mineral and vitamins mixture, based on dry matter (DM). The same mixture was used for cows with access to pasture. The total DMI (average = 16.1 kg/d) and milk production ( average = 20.0 kg/d) were similar for all cows; however, the pasture DMI (7.4 vs. 6.0 kg/d) and grazing period (+ 40 min/d) were higher in cows that had access to pasture for 2 periods of 3 h compared to those that grazed for a continuous 6 h period. Methane emission was higher (656 vs. 547 g/d) in confined cows than in those receiving partial TMR + pasture. The inclusion of ryegrass pasture in the diet of dairy cows maintained animal performance and reduced enteric methane emissions. The percentage of grazed forage in the cow’s diet increased when access to pasture was provided in 2 periods after morning and afternoon milking / A inclusão da forragem em sistemas de produção de leite baseados em ração totalmente misturada (RTM) reduz os custos com a alimentação, traz benefícios à saúde do rebanho e reduz o impacto ambiental. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito do pastejo de azevém (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) combinado com o uso de RTM parcial em comparação à RTM sobre a emissão de metano, a ingestão de matéria seca (IMS) e o desempenho das vacas no terço médio de lactação. Os tratamentos experimentais foram 100% RTM (controle), RTM parcial + 6h de pastejo contínuo (09:00–15:00h) e RTM parcial + 6 h de pastejo divididos em dois períodos de três horas (09:00 – 12:00 h; 15:30 – 18:30h). Doze vacas F1 (Holandês × Jersey; 132 ± 44 DEL) foram divididas em seis lotes e distribuídas em um Quadrado latino com três períodos de 21 dias (15 dias de adaptação e 6 de dias avaliação). O pasto utilizado foi o azevém e a RTM foi composta de 80% de silagem de milho, 18% farelo de soja, e 2% de mistura mineral e vitaminas (na matéria seca, MS). A mesma mistura foi utilizada para as vacas com acesso ao pasto. A IMS total (média = 16,1 kg MS/dia) e a produção de leite (média = 20,0 kg leite/dia) foram similares entre os tratamentos, entretanto, a IMS de pasto (7,4 vs. 6,0 kg/d) e o tempo de pastejo (+ 40 min/d) foram superiores nas vacas com acesso ao pasto por dois períodos de 3h quando comparadas às vacas com acesso ao pasto por 6h contínuas. A emissão de metano foi maior (656 vs. 547 g/d) nas vacas confinadas do que nos animais recebendo RTM parcial + pasto. A inclusão de pasto de azevém na dieta de vacas leiteiras recebendo RTM manteve o desempenho animal e reduziu a emissão de metano entérico. A proporção de forragem pastejada aumentou nas vacas com acesso ao pasto quando o período de acesso foi dividido em dois períodos após a ordenha da manhã e a ordenha da tarde

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