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This thesis analyses videos in two distinct ways so as to improve both human understanding and the computer description of events that unfold in video sequences. Qualitative analysis can be used to understand a scene in which many details are not needed. However, for there to be an accurate interpretation of a scene, a computer system has to first evaluate discretely the events in a scene. Such a method must involve structural features and the shapes of the objects in the scene. In this thesis we perform qualitative analysis on a road scene and generate terms that can be understood by humans and that describe the status of the traffic and its congestion. Areas in the video that contain vehicles are identified regardless of scale. The movement of the vehicles is further identified and a rule-based technique is used to accurately determine the status of the traffic and its congestion. Occlusion is a common problem in scene analysis tracking. A novel technique is developed to vertically separate groups of people in video sequences. A histogram is generated based on the shape of a group of people and its valleys are identified. A vertical seam for each valley is then detected using the intensity of the edges. This is then used as the separation boundary between the different individuals. This could definitely improve the tracking of people in a crowd. Both techniques achieve good results, with the qualitative analysis accurately describing the status and congestion of a traffic scene, while the structural analysis can separate a group of people into distinctly separate persons. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2011.

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Schedulers in optical switches are still electronic, the performance of these units has a significant impact on the performance of the network and could form a bottleneck in high speed networks, such as AAPN. Four time-slotted scheduling algorithms are investigated in this study, PIM, iSlip, PHM and Adapted-SRA. The study addresses the performance of AAPN for each of the algorithms, and evaluates the hardware complexity, estimating the running time of the algorithms. Performance measures were collected from an OPNET model, designed to emulate AAPN. Furthermore, hardware complexity and timing constraints were evaluated through hardware simulations, for iSlip, and through analysis for the rest of the algorithms. iSlip confirmed its feasibility by meeting the 10us timing constraint set by AAPN. The study revealed the superiority of iSlip and PHM over PIM and Adapted-SRA.

The advance of multi-media applications has prompted researchers to undertake the task of finding suitable methods to carry multi-media data through ad-hoc wireless networks. The task of finding suitable methods for this particular application is rather difficult to achieve since ad-hoc networks exhibit highly dynamic link connectivity and are prone to error from radio transmission through the physical environment. In addition to all of the above, the sole concern of the current protocols is the connectivity of wireless nodes. The connectivity is maintained by a set of network messages. Communicating nodes in an ad hoc network select only the shortest available path. In the event of traffic congestion, packets are simply dropped from the queue. The notion of multi-path scheme has been investigated by other researchers, and DSR is still the most popular choice to implement network adaptation for multi-media traffic. Most of the existing network adaptation methods however lack the fairness in multi-path selection. A new network adaptation module with the aid of fuzzy logic and depth first search can provide a better guarantee in packet delivery and better use of network resources. In addition to the new module, a comparative study has been done in this project for suitable update methods for the unused multi-paths. This is a weakness in the use of DSR multi-path scheme because DSR only updates active traffic paths. The simulation results in this thesis show that the new network adaptation module is capable of improving the performance of the network communications. / Thesis ([MEng(ElectricalEngineering)])--University of South Australia, 2004.

1 v. (various paging) : ill. ; 26 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.1972) from the Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Adelaide