This diploma thesis deals with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in the Georgian soviet socialistic republic and its transformation into an independent democratic state. The thesis analyses how soviet political institutions have turned into democratic ones. In connection with that the thesis will stress the general social situation including the civil war in the 1990s and the relationship of the new state towards the Russian Federation. The thesis will focus on time of the second half of 1980s until the first half of 1990s. Key words Georgia, Soviet Union, transformation, demokratization, transition